Objective To observe the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) in the cerebral tissue following hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) in newborn rats and explore the machanism of inosine in protecting against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD).Methods Sixty-six newborn rats aged 7 days were divided into sham,control and experimental groups.HIE models were made by clamping the right cervical artery and making hypoxia for 2 hours.The rats in experimental group began injecting inosine,at 1 day before experiment,and the rats in the sham and control groups saline solution with same dose.The samples were made at the given time,and expressions of VEGF and COX-2 were investigated by immunohistochemical technique.Results The cerebral tissue had no expression of VEGF and COX-2 in sham group.From 2 hours on cortex and striatum after HIE in control and experimental groups,expressions of VEGF and COX-2 increased rapidly,peaking at 12-24 hours,and then decreased gradually.Expressions of VEGF and COX-2 were higher in experimental group(All P

Objective To explore the expressions of transforming growth factor(TGF)-?1 and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF) in viral myocarditis(VM) and the intervention effect of valsarta on them.Methods Fifty-four male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 3 groups:control group,treatment group and model group.Model group and treatment group established VM model by intraperitoned injecting 0.1 ml CVB3.They were killed on days 7,14 and 28,respectively.Histological cross sections of heart were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and myocardial histopathplogic scores were counted under optical microscope.The expressions of typeⅠand Ⅲ myocardial collagen,TGF-?1 and CTGF were examined by immunohistochemical method and analyzed by using SPSS 11.5 software.Results Compared with control group,histopathplogic scores,the expressions of type Ⅰand Ⅲ myocardial collagen,TGF-?1 and CTGF increased markedly in model group (Pa

The treatment of cerebral palsy is still a big medical problem.The pathogenesis of spasticity,as result of a variety of lesions of the cerebral cortex,brain stem,spinal cord,is caused by involvement of the inhibitory pyramidal and parapyramidal descending tracts terminating on the spinal facilitatory myotatic reflex.A lesion of the descending tracts disturbs this equilibrium leading to spasticity,which is cha-racterized by muscle resistance at rest that is velocity dependent and associated with an increase in tonic stretch reflexes resulting from hype-rexcitability of the stretch reflex.Spasticity caused abnomal posture,caused special movement,and higher multilation,which affect children's life severely.There are so many ways to lower hypermyotonia,such as:drugs,rehabilitation care,acupuncture and so on.Bioelectric stimulation therapy is a new ways in the zone.Its curative effect and the mechanism are still in explore,this article just to give an overview about bioelectric stimulation therapy in curing spastic cerebral palsy.

Diabetic diarrhea is one of the chronic complications of diabetes, which is particularly closely related to the spleen and kidney. Using these two organs as the theoretical foundation, the root of diabetic diarrhea can be grasped. Pathogenic dampness is responsible throughout the whole process of diabetic diarrhea. Using syndrome differentiation, deficiency is as the basic pattern and excess is the syndrome for diabetic diarrhea; diagnosis and treatment combine symptoms and syndromes, which not only particularly pay attention to protecting the spleen and kidney, but also clearing pathogenic dampness. At the same time, flexible medication is applied according to dynamic symptoms, which can achieve good efficacy.

Objective To study a monitoring instrument of multiple physiological parameters being capable of wireless long-distance transmission,low in power dissipation and price and small in size.Methods In combination of embedded technology and mobile communication technology,S3C2410 based on ARM9 core was used as main chip,ARM-Linux as embedded operation system and SIM300 as communication module connected to Internet,to complete wireless long-distance transmission of multiple physiological parameters.Results Tele-monitoring system of embedded multiple physiological parameters based on GPRS was realized.Conclusion The instrument is small,easily-expanded and reliable in the process of transmitting data,facilitating tele-monitoring and data sharing.

The present study aims to predict the action targets of antidepressant active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan to understand the "multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways" mechanism. Using network pharmacology, the reported antidepressant active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan (saikosaponin A, saikosaponin C, saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II, atractylenolide III, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid and pachymic acid), were used to predict the targets of main active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan according to reversed pharmacophore matching method. The prediction was made via screening of the antidepressive drug targets approved by FDA in the DrugBank database and annotating the information of targets with the aid of MAS 3.0 biological molecular function software. The Cytoscape software was used to construct the Xiaoyaosan ingredients-targets-pathways network. The network analysis indicates that the active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan involve 25 targets in the energy metabolism-immune-signal transmutation relevant biological processes. The antidepressant effect of Xiaoyaosan reflects the features of traditional Chinese medicine in multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways. This research provides a scientific basis for elucidation of the antidepressant pharmacological mechanism of Xiaoyaosan.

The present study aims to predict the action targets of antidepressant active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan to understand the "multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways" mechanism. Using network pharmacology, the reported antidepressant active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan (saikosaponin A, saikosaponin C, saikosaponin D, ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, atractylenolide I, atractylenolide II, atractylenolide III, paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid and pachymic acid), were used to predict the targets of main active ingredients of Xiaoyaosan according to reversed pharmacophore matching method. The prediction was made via screening of the antidepressive drug targets approved by FDA in the DrugBank database and annotating the information of targets with the aid of MAS 3.0 biological molecular function software. The Cytoscape software was used to construct the Xiaoyaosan ingredients-targets-pathways network. The network analysis indicates that the active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan involve 25 targets in the energy metabolism-immune-signal transmutation relevant biological processes. The antidepressant effect of Xiaoyaosan reflects the features of traditional Chinese medicine in multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways. This research provides a scientific basis for elucidation of the antidepressant pharmacological mechanism of Xiaoyaosan.
Antidepressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Benzoates ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; Coumaric Acids ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flavanones ; Glucosides ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; Lactones ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Monoterpenes ; Sesquiterpenes ; Software

The purpose of the study is to construct R8 peptide (RRRRRRRR) and pH sensitive polyethylene glycols (PEG) co-modified liposomes (Cl-Lip) and utilize them in breast cancer treatment. The co-modified liposomes were prepared with soybean phospholipid, cholesterol, DSPE-PEG2K-R8 and PEG5K-Hz-PE (pH sensitive PEG). The size and zeta potential of Cl-Lip were also characterized. The in vitro experiment demonstrated that the Cl-Lip had high serum stability in 50% fetal bovine serum. The cellular uptake of Cl-Lip under different pre-incubated conditions was evaluated on 4T1 cells. And the endocytosis pathway, lysosome escape ability and tumor spheroid penetration ability were also evaluated. The results showed the particle size of the Cl-Lip was (110.4 ± 5.2) nm, PDI of the Cl-Lip was 0.207 ± 0.039 and zeta potential of the Cl-Lip was (-3.46 ± 0.05) mV. The cellular uptake of Cl-Lip on 4T1 cells was pH sensitive, as the cellular uptake of Cl-Lip pre-incubated in pH 6.0 was higher than that of pH 7.4 under each time point. The main endocytosis pathways of Cl-Lip under pH 6.0 were micropinocytosis and energy-dependent pathway. At the same time, the Cl-Lip with pre-incubation in pH 6.0 had high lysosome escape ability and high tumor spheroid penetration ability. All the above results demonstrated that the Cl-Lip we constructed had high pH sensitivity and is a promising drug delivery system.

Objective To investigate the distribution of gut microbiota in obese patients with or without acanthosis nigricans .Methods Totally 131 obese patients and 25 healthy participants were divided into three groups:the obesity with acanthosis nigricans (AN) group (n=59), the simple obesity (OB) group (n=79), and the control (CON) group (n=25).The fresh stool samples were collected , and the clinical and biochemistry markers were measured .Pyrosequencing technology was performed based on the 16s rRNA of fecal samples to identify and analyze the distribution pattern of gut microbiota in each group .Results The AN group had signifi-cantly higher body mass index [ (37.45 ±5.12) kg/m2 vs.(33.34 ±2.54) kg/m2 vs. (20.35 ±1.68) kg/m2, P=0.045, P<0.001], insulin [32.77 (25.18) mU/L vs.20.73 (9.30) mU/L vs.8.70 (6.18) mU/L, P<0.001, P<0.001], insulin resistance [7.78 (6.87) vs.4.71 (2.88) vs.1.81 (1.40), P<0.001, P<0.001], and interleukin (IL) -6 [ (3.64 ±2.23) ng/L vs.(2.71 ±0.78) ng/L vs.(2.17 ±0.86) ng/L, P=0.040, P=0.009] levels than OB and CON groups compared with OB and CON groups , AN group had sig-nificantly decreased diversity of bacterial flora ( P=0.015 , P=0.001 ) , while no significant difference was observed in the abundance of bacterial flora .At the phylum level , the composition of flora among these three groups was similar, mainly including bacteroidetes , firmicutes, proteobacteria, and actinomycetes.Although the proportions of main bacteria flora were different , the difference was not statistically significant .At the genus level, the bacteria flora in AN and OB groups were primarily composed of Bacteroides, Megamonas, Faecalibac-terium and Escherichia-Shigella.In addition, compared to OB and CON groups , AN group had significantly lower proportion of Ruminococcus ( P=0.023 , P=0.043 , respectively ) and higher proportion of Veillonella (P=0.048, P=0.043, respectively).Furthermore, the proportion of Weissella was higher in AN and OB groups than in CON group ( P=0.045 , P=0.025 ) .Conclusion Obese patients with AN have more severe in-sulin resistance and inflammation status than those with simple obesity , and the distribution feature of gut micro-biota also differ between these two patient populations .

The purpose of the study is to construct R8 peptide (RRRRRRRR) and pH sensitive polyethylene glycols (PEG) co-modified liposomes (Cl-Lip) and utilize them in breast cancer treatment. The co-modified liposomes were prepared with soybean phospholipid, cholesterol, DSPE-PEG2K-R8 and PEG5K-Hz-PE (pH sensitive PEG). The size and zeta potential of Cl-Lip were also characterized. The in vitro experiment demonstrated that the Cl-Lip had high serum stability in 50% fetal bovine serum. The cellular uptake of Cl-Lip under different pre-incubated conditions was evaluated on 4T1 cells. And the endocytosis pathway, lysosome escape ability and tumor spheroid penetration ability were also evaluated. The results showed the particle size of the Cl-Lip was (110.4 ± 5.2) nm, PDI of the Cl-Lip was 0.207 ± 0.039 and zeta potential of the Cl-Lip was (-3.46 ± 0.05) mV. The cellular uptake of Cl-Lip on 4T1 cells was pH sensitive, as the cellular uptake of Cl-Lip pre-incubated in pH 6.0 was higher than that of pH 7.4 under each time point. The main endocytosis pathways of Cl-Lip under pH 6.0 were micropinocytosis and energy-dependent pathway. At the same time, the Cl-Lip with pre-incubation in pH 6.0 had high lysosome escape ability and high tumor spheroid penetration ability. All the above results demonstrated that the Cl-Lip we constructed had high pH sensitivity and is a promising drug delivery system.
Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell-Penetrating Peptides ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Cholesterol ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Liposomes ; Mice ; Oligopeptides ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Phospholipids ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols