Object To develop a method for the determination of palmatine hydrochloride and berberine hydrochloride in Chinese Mahonia Stem from different habitats Methods HPLC method was set up, using Intersil ODS 3 C 18 column, the mobile phase was acetontrile water sodium laurylsulfonate (470∶ 530∶1 g), the UV detection wavelength was 265 nm, with a flow rate of 1 0 mL/min at 40 ℃ Results A good linearity was obtained in the range of 4 368 52 416 ?g/mL(r=0 999 9) for palmatine hydrochloride and 4 532 54 384 ?g/mL (r=0 999 9) for berberine hydrochloride The average recovery of palmatine hydrochloride and berberine hydrochloride was 98 97% and 98 98%, respectively Conclusion The method is simple, rapid and with better reproducibility for the determination of palmatine hydrochloride and berberine hydrochloride in Chinese Mahonia Stem

Objective Analyse the influencing factors of early enteral nutrition support in patients of severe acute pancreatitis( SAP). Methods From April 2006 to August 2008, a total of 57 patients with SAP were analyzed in two aspects:the APACHE II scores, Ranson scores, Balthazar CT scores, and some frequent complications (shock, MODS, ACS, severe sepsis, paralytic ileus, etc.) were compared in two groups of A(≤5 d) and B( >5 d) according to the initial time of enteral nutrition:Hie initial timing of entend nutrition,the above scores and complications were also compared in two groups of nasojejunal feedingtube and jejunostomy feeding tube. Results The APACHE H scores, Ranson scores, Balthazar CT scores and the incidence of shock, MODS and ACS in group A were significant higher than those in group B; The APACHE II scores, Ranson scores and Balthazar CT scores in group of nasojejunal feeding tube were significant lower than those in group of jejunostomy feeding tube, and the initial time of enteral nutritionin nasojejunal feeding tube was significantly earlier. Conclusions Early enteral nutrition support in SAP is influenced by multiple factors, especially of pathogenetic severity, severe complications and feeding pathways.Homeostasis and intestines functions recover are the sign of enteral nutrition initiation, and to carry out enteral nutrition in ≤5 d after admission is feasible.The APACHE II scores may be helpful to guide the time of EN start.

Objective To investigate effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on pulmonary arterial hypertension induced by chronic hypoxic hypercapnia in rats.Methods Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a normal control group (the control group),a hypoxic hypercapnia group (the model group),and a hypoxic hypercapnia + NMES group (the NMES group),each of 6.The rats in both the model and NMES groups were placed in an isobaric cabin with an O2 concentration of 9％ to 11％ and a CO2 concentration of 5％ to 6％ for 8 hours a day for 4 weeks.After leaving the cabin,NMES was performed on the NMES group's bilateral calf muscles for 30 minutes every day.The heart was removed,and the right ventricle (RV) and the left ventricle plus the septum (LV+S) were dissected.An index of right ventricular hypertrophy was calculated as RVHI=RV/(LV+S).Any changes in the pulmonary vasculature were observed using an optical microscope.WT％ and WA％ were calculated.The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α),PDH-E1α and PDK1 in the lung tissue were determined using western blotting.The LDH activity and the concentration of PDH in the lung tissue homogenate were measured was measured by spectrophotometric method using the LDH assay kit and ELISA,respectively.Results Compared with the control group,the average RVHI,WT％ and WA％,the protein expression of HIF-lα and PDK1,and LDH activity had all increased significantly in the NMES group,while the average expression of PDH-1Eα had decreased significantly.Compared with the model group,significant decrease was observed in the average RVHI,WT％,WA％,protein expression of HIF-1α and PDK1,and LDH activity in the NMES group,but the average expression of PDH-1Eα increased significantly.No significant differences in PDH concentration were detected among the 3 groups.Conclusions NMES may alleviate pulmonary artery hypertension induced by chronic hypoxic hypercapnia,at least in rats.The mechanism may be attributed to inhibiting the expression of HIF-1α protein,which may inhibit the activity of PDH-E1α and LDH,then the aerobic metabolism into glycolysis,finally improving the remodeling of the pulmonary vascular structure.

Objective Through investigating the current situation of first national Standardized Medical Resident Training Bases construction in Xinjiang to provide the basis for the administrative department of public health to improve their resident training bases.Methods Selecting standardized training related personnel 133 people of 20 base hospital to conduct a questionnaire survey,and selecting the base hospit.al leaders,the management staff of functional departments,teachers and residents,a total of 254 people were given in-depth interviews.We conducted data collection mainly around the basic situation of the base hospitals and departments,to understand the basic situation,difficulties and problems of the standardized training of resident doctors in the base hospitals,and suggestions and opinions on the training work.We used x2 test,Wilcoxon rank test to make statistical analysis.Results Basic conditions of the hospital was not balanced,70％ of the base hospital library number was 10 thousand ～5 million,75％ of the base hospital computer had a volume of less than or equal to 30.There was statistical significance in the difference of the rate of operation between the cases and the skills in the southem/northeru region teaching/non professional teaching base hospital.Teacher level was not balanced,and only 5 hospital teacher training rate was greater than or equal to 80％,which met the national requirements.Enrollment of each department had a rising trend,including the department of pediatrics,psychiatry and other major shortage of profes-sional year by year,the increase in the proportion of 1 ～2 times.National financial aid was implemented,but lacked local financial input.Conclusion The balanced development of base construction,the continuous improvement of system construction and organization management,the improvement of the teachers' teaching and training quality,the improvement of the resident treatment and striving for more national and local financial allocation will be the focus of the construction and development of Xinjiang resident standardized training base.

Pender′s health promotion model explains the factors influencing health behaviors, which provides a framework for nursing practice and research. Functional exercise compliance in postoperative patients with breast cancer was in a low level, this article reviewed factors influencing functional exercise among breast cancer survivors through three aspects based on health promotion model and made some suggestions on nursing intervention, to promote the rehabilitation of this population.

Objective To explore the relationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to pediatric epilepsy.Methods BDNF polymorphisms in 128 patients with pediatric epilepsy and 132 healthy controls were analyzed with polymerase chain reaction restriction and fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).Results There were significant differences between pediatric epilepsy and controls on genotype frequency of BDNF-270C/T (X2 =7.08,P =0.03 ).The CC genotype was positively associated with pediatric epilepsy (OR =3.91,95％CI =1.26 ～ 12.14).No differences in genotype or allele frequencies of the other polymorphisms were found between patients and controls.The frequencies of haplotypes did not show significant differences between patients and controls.Conclusion These findings support the hypothesis that BDNF-270C/T polymorphism may contribute to the risk of developing pediatric epilepsy.

Carcinoma in Situ ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Cystectomy ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Urinary Bladder ; pathology ; surgery ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery

Objective:To correlate serum levels of neuron specific enolase (NSE) and inflammatory factors with recovery of neurological function in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods:Ninety-six patients with severe traumatic brain injury who received treatment from January 2018 to January 2020 in Taizhou Hospital were included in this study. These patients were divided into a mild-to-moderate group ( n = 51) and a severe group ( n = 45). Additional 60 healthy controls who concurrently received health examination were included in the healthy control group. Serum NSE level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level by immunoturbidimetry, serum procalcitonin (PCT) level by chemiluminescent assay, and serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All patients were followed up for 3 months. Recovery of neurological function was evaluated by modified Rankin Scale. Results:Serum NSE level was (50.42 ± 13.25) μg/L and (36.79 ± 10.28) μg/L in the severe and mild-to-moderate groups, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group [(6.13 ± 1.78) μg/L, t = 25.641, 22.688, both P < 0.05). Serum NSE level in the severe group was significantly higher than that in the mild-to- moderate group ( t = 5.576, P < 0.05). Serum CRP, PCT, IL-6 and TNF-α levels were (78.95 ± 15.46) mg/L, (3.46 ± 0.75) μg/L, (432.15 ± 78.29) μg/L and (36.57 ± 8.98) μg/L] respectively in the severe group, (34.65 ± 7.48) mg/L, (1.68 ± 0.51) μg/L, (285.41 ± 36.75) μg/L and (17.54 ± 5.26) μg/L] respectively in the mild-to-moderate group and (3.25 ± 0.86) mg/L, (0.08 ± 0.02) μg/L, (73.52 ± 13.89) μg/L and (1.64 ± 0.50) μg/L, respectively in the healthy control group. Serum CRP, PCT, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the severe and mild-to-moderate groups were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group ( t = 37.890, 34.922, 34.870, 30.099, 32.284, 24.315, 40.980, 23.312, all P < 0.05). Serum levels of these indicators in the severe group were significantly higher than those in the mild-to-moderate group ( t = 17.493, 13.414, 11.500, 12.451, all P < 0.05). In the severe group, neurological function recovered well in 34 patients and poorly in 17 patients. Serum NSE level in patients with poor neurological function recovery was significantly higher than that in patients with good recovery [(68.93 ± 14.25) μg/L vs. (34.61 ± 12.36) μg/L, t = 8.457, P < 0.05). Serum CRP [(113.24 ± 27.39) mg/L], PCT [(4.57 ± 0.87) μg/L], IL-6 [(598.90 ± 43.52) μg/L] and TNF-α [(58.78 ± 12.13) μg/L] levels in patients with poor recovery were significantly higher than those in patients with good recovery [(32.19 ± 6.90) mg/L, (2.23 ± 0.65) μg/L, (261.39 ± 26.56) μg/L and (14.53 ± 4.26) μg/L, t = 11.956, 9.788, 29.280 and 14.537, all P < 0.05). Serum NSE, CRP, PCT, IL-6 and TNF-α were positively correlated with poor prognosis ( r = 0.849, 0.743, 0.795, 0.683, 0.701, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:In patients with severe traumatic brain injury, serum NSE, CRP, PCT, IL-6 and TNF-α levels increase, which are positively correlated with poor prognosis.

Investigation of simvastatin and its related substances was carried out using a reversed phase ultra performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method. The identification of impurities in simvastatin was performed with a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer, with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source in the negative/positive ion mode. A total of 12 compounds were characterized in commercial samples, among which 2 impurities had never been reported. All the impurities were deduced based on the MS fragment pathways of simvastatin and the biosynthetic pathway of lovastatin. This work provides very useful information for quality control of simvastatin.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Reverse-Phase ; Drug Contamination ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Simvastatin ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Tablets ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of the cardiac hemodynamics after acute high altitude exposure in healthy young males and the relationship with acute mountain sickness(AMS).

METHODSLeft ventricular function and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO2), heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) were measured in 218 healthy young males before and after high altitude exposure within 24 h respectively. According to the lake louise score criteria, the subjects were divided into two groups: acute mountain sickness group (AMS group) and non acute mountain sickness group (non-AMS group).

RESULTSHR, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (SV), stroke index (SI) cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI) were significantly increased upon acute high altitude exposure (P < 0.05). Whereas SaO2 and end-systolic volume (ESV) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). In addition, HR, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and MAP in AMS group were significantly higher than those in non-AMS group (P < 0.05). But stroke index (SI) and end-diastolic volume (EDV) in AMS group were significantly lower than those in non-AMS group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCardiac function in healthy young males upon acute high altitude exposure was enhanced. EDV, HR and SI might become the indexes of predicting the acute mountain sickness in the future.