OBJECTIVE:To investigate the internal quality of 31 batches of Compound Glycyrrhiza oral solutions from different manufacturers.METHODS:The contents of Morphine and Guaifenesin in Compound Glycyrrhiza oral solutions were determined by HPLC,and the pH value of the solution was detected as well.RESULTS:Of the total 31 batches of samples,13 was unqualified in Morphine content,1 was unqualified in Guaifenesin content,and 1 was unqualified in pH value.CONCLUSION:The manufacturers should strictly obey the standards recorded in China Pharmacopoeia in respect of quality control to ensure the safety and efficacy of clinical medication.

Objective To investigate the change of disease constitution at different stages of a long voyage on the sea in a frigate. Methods The participants included the crew members in a frigate of PLA navy force. The disease types of the crew members were recorded at different stages of a long voyage on the sea in the frigate, including the whole voyage, early stage of voyage, middle stage of voyage and the late stage of voyage. Then, the disease constitution ratios at different stages was calculated, compared and sorted. Results It was found that the disease constituent ratios during the whole course, from high to low, was: respiratory infection,acute gastroenteritis,lumbar muscle degeneration,insomnia,kinetosis,dermatitis,oral ulcer,conjunctivitis,trauma,disease of cardiovascular system,paronychia and urinary calculi. The ranking during the early stage, from high to low, was: kinetosis, respiratory infection,trauma,acute gastroenteritis,lumbar muscle degeneration,disease of cardiovascular system,insomnia and dermatitis; the ranking during the middle stage was respiratory infection,acute gastroenteritis,lumbar muscle degeneration,insomnia,dermatitis,oral ulcer,trauma,conjunctivitis, urinary calculi and paronychia; and that during the late stage was: respiratory infection,lumbar muscle degeneration,insomnia,dermatitis,oral ulcer,acute gastroenteritis,conjunctivitis,kinetosis,disease of cardiovascular system,trauma,urinary calculi and paronychia. Conclusion Both the disease type and the disease constitution of the crew members change during different stages of a long voyage on the sea in a frigate.

Objective: To observe the effect of andrographolide on the expression of TNF-α and IL-12 in activated macrophages. Methods: The peritoneal macrophages were harvested from mice intraperitoneally injected with thioglycollate. The macrophages were pretreated with andrographolide and then stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. RT-PCR was used to examine the expression of TNF-α, IL-12a, and IL-12b in the macrophages, and ELISA was used to measure the protein levels of TNF-α and IL-12 in the supernatant. Results: Andrographolide inhibited the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-12a, and IL-12b, and the protein levels of TNF-α and IL-12 in activated macrophages, and the inhibition increased with the increase of andrographolide concentration. Andrographolide at 12 μg/ml (P<0.05) and 25 μg/ml (P<0.01) significantly inhibited TNF-α mRNA level in macrophages; andrographolide at 1 μg/ml (P<0.05) and 12 μg/ml (P< 0.01) significantly inhibited TNF-α protein level (P<0.01). Andrographolide at 1 μg/ml significantly inhibited IL-12b mRNA level and at 12 μg/ml significantly inhibited IL-12a mRNA level (P<0.01); and andrographolide at 1 μg/ml also significantly inhibited IL-12 protein level (P<0.01). Conclusion: Andrographolide can inhibit both the expression of TNF-α and IL-12 in activated macrophages.

AIM: To study the expression of MDM2 and muta nt-type P53 proteins in primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS: Using immunohistochemical staining method(SP),the expression of mutant-t ype P53 and MDM2 proteins was examined in 55 cases of HCC,23 cases of correspond ing paracancerous tissues and 10 cases of normal hepatic tissues. RESULT S: The frequencies of MDM2 and P53 positive expression in HCC were 17/55 (30 9%) and 23/55 (41 8%), respectively. There was both positive expression of MDM2 and mutant-type P53 in 11 cases (20%) with HCC. Expression of MDM2 showed a significantly positive correlation with expression of mutant-type P53 (r=0 310,P

Background Stromal-derived factor 1α /chemokine receptor 4(SDF-1α/CXCR4) axis is one of the important signals which mediates several different activities such as chemotaxis,adhesion,proliferation and survival resulting in recruitment to sites of immune and inflammatory reactions.Considerable evidence suggests that CXCR4/SDF-1α axis is involved in tumor angiogenesis and plays a key role in the development of ocular neovascularization.Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of CXCR4 antagonist on the development of cxperimental corneal neovascularization(CNV).Methods CNV model was established in the left eye of 8-weekold clean BALB/c mouse by putting the filter with 1 mol/L NaOH at the central cornea for 40 seconds.The animals were randomizcd into hyaluronate group and CXCR4 antagonist group,and the edydrops was topically administered respectively on the day of modeling 4 times per day for 14 days.CNV was examined under the slit lamp at the fourteenth day,and then the corneal suspension and section were made.Expressions of CXCR4 mRNA and protein in corneas were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot.The CD31 level in cornea was assayed by flowcytometry and immunochemistry.The expression of VEGF in burned corneas and suspension from mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with CXCR4 antagonist in vitro was detected by ELISA.The use of the animal followed Ragulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results Two weeks after corneal alkali burn,the growth of CNV peaked under the slit lamp.Compared with hyaluronate group,CNV was obviously decreased in the CXCR4 antagonist group.Immunochemistry showed that intensity of positive staining for CD31 in cornea in the CXCR4 antagonist group was weaker than the hyaluronate group.Flowcytometry clarified that CD31 positive cells rate was 9.50％ ±2.34％ in the CXCR4 antagonist group and 17.50％ ±3.16％ in the hyaluronate group,showing a significant difference between them (t=-7.312,P＜0.05).In 2,4,7 days after cornea alkali burn,the expressions of CXCR4 mRNA and protein were significantly enhanced in burn corneas compared with normal corneas(P＜0.01 ;P＜0.05).ELISA showed that the VEGF expression level in corneal tissue and supernatant of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro were significantly lower in the CXCR4 antagonist group than that of hyaluronate group(t =10.927,5.151,P＜0.05).The expression level of VEGF in corneal suspension was lower in the GM-CSH+CXCR4 antogonist group than that in the GM-CSH group (P＜0.05).Conclusions CXCR4 antagonist can reduce experimental CNV by down-regulating VEGF expression in cornea.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of ultrashort waves combined with medication on children with cerebral dysfunction syndrome (CDS) accompanied with pneumonia.Methods76 children with CDS accompanied with pneumonia were randomly divided into treatment group (n=38, treated with anti-inflammatory and ultrashort waves one time per day for ten days) and control group (n=38, treated only with anti-inflammatory). The effective rate and the days of rales vanished of children in two groups after treatment were compared.ResultsIn the treatment group, 14 cases cured, 20 cases got significant result, 4 cases were effective, total effective rate was 100%; in the control group, 10 cases cured, 14 cases got significant result, 9 cases were effective, 5 cases were invalid, total effective rate was 86.8%. There was a significant difference between therapeutic effects of two groups ( P<0.05).ConclusionThe ultrashort waves therapy is an effective method for the children with CDS accompanied with pneumonia.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the abirritation and antiinflammation effects of Monkshood Root and Peony Root used singly and in combination, and to find the enhanced effects of the two drugs used in combination; To observe the effect of Monkshood Root and Peony Root used singly and in combination by studing the immunoregulation function in experimental animals.

METHODThe response of delayed type hypersensitivity in mice, the phagocytosis of abdominal macrophages in mice, and the production of special antibodies in mice were observed.

RESULTThe two drugs used in combination could increase phagocytosic function of mononuclear macrophagocyte in hypoimmuitic model mice, and inhibit the responses of delayed type hypersensitivity in the hyperimmunitic model mice and the nonimmunosuppressive treated mice, with nosignificant effect on the production of special antibodies in mice.

CONCLUSIONIn accordance with the mechanism of the disorder between the anti-inflammation effect and the induce-inflammation effect on arthritis in the immune system, these data show the bidirectional effect of the two drugs used in combination on the immune responses, which may be one of the main mechanisms of treating arthralgia due to wind-dampness.

Aconitum ; chemistry ; Adjuvants, Immunologic ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Arthritis, Experimental ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; drug therapy ; Male ; Mice ; Paeonia ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate diagnosis and therapeutic effects of knee joint synovial chondromatosis with arthroscopic.

METHODSFrom March 1995 to July 2011, 28 patients with knee joint synovial chondromatosis were treated. Among them, 18 males and 10 females ranging age from 25 to 81 (mean 55.2) years,the course of disease ranged from 0.5 to 15 (mean 5.6) years. Clinical manifestation mainly included pain, swell and functional limitation of knee joint. Knee open surgery (17 cases) and laparoscopic surgery (10 cases) were respectively used. Clinical symptom,image data,pathological manifestation and effects under arthroscopy were observed, Lysholm scoring was used to evaluate effects.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up except one lost, the duration ranging from 6 to 24 months. Lysholm score in knee open surgery was increased from (41.89 +/- 6.81) preoperatively to (67.73 +/- 7.62) postoperatively;while in laparoscopic surgery it was increased from (40.78 +/- 7.54) preoperatively to (77.46 +/- 8.43) postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONArthroscopic surgery, which has no risk of rupture of incision, nonunion, earlier to exercise, is a good method to diagnosis and treat knee joint synovial chondromatosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chondromatosis, Synovial ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; surgery ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes and their elements in patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis by analyzing the relationships between signs and symptoms and biochemical parameters. Methods: A total of 440 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis treated in Shanghai Public Health Center and Shuguang Hospital, Longhua Hospital and Central Hospital of Putuo District Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine during January 2002 to January 2006 were enrolled in this study. Signs and symptoms and biochemical information of patients were collected by using a self-designed questionnaire regarding the four examinations of TCM. Signs and symptoms were firstly analyzed to find the frequency of occurrence. Then, the patients were divided into two groups according to non-existent or existent sign and symptom and the correlations between the signs and symptoms which occurred most frequently and their biochemical parameters were analyzed. Results: Sixteen symptoms which occurred most frequently were fatigue, colored urine, liver palms, opaque complexion, string-like pulse, weakness at waist and knees, dry month and bitter taste in the mouth, profuse dreaminess and poor sleepiness, heaviness of limbs, abdominal distention, yellow eyes, fine pulse, impetuosity and susceptibility to rage, splenomegaly, poor appetite, and distension and fullness in the chest and hypochondrium. A previous study on syndrome differentiation of 900 patients with posthepatitic cirrhosis showed 4 syndrome patterns: internal accumulation of dampness-heat, liver-kidney yin deficiency, internal accumulation of blood stasis-heat, and liver depression and spleen deficiency. Further analysis showed that internal accumulation of dampness-heat syndrome was characterized by obvious hepatic inflammation, poor synthesis function and more asctites. Liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome was characterized by low-level hepatic inflammation, poor synthesis function and more ascites. Internal accumulation of blood stasis-heat syndrome was characterized by low-level hepatic inflammation, poorer synthesis function, ascites and splenomegalia, and liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome was characterized by slight hepatic inflammation, synthesis function injury, decreased internal portal vein diameter and less ascites. Conclusion: Different syndrome patterns have different pathological features, showing the complexity and polymorphism of syndrome construction.

Objective To compare gross tumor volume (GTV) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) according to MRI and FDG PET/CT and to investigated four fixed threshold methods to delineate the GTV using FDG PET/CT.Methods Fifty patients with primary biopsy-proven NPC were prospectively were enrolled into the study.FDG PET/CT scans and MRI were carried out within one week prior to pretreatment,respectively.The GTV was named GTV-MRI (GTV were delineated according to MRI),GTV-PETvis,GTV-PET30,GTV-PET40,GTV-PET50 (GTV was delineated according to the PET-based GTVs obtained by visual interpretationor,by percentage of the SUVmax (30％,40％,50％) thresholds,respectively).The differences were compared among the GTV-MRI,GTV-PETvis,GTV-PET30,GTV-PET40 and GTV-PET50 in different by Wilcoxon test.Results Of 50 patients,the median of volume descending order were: GTV-MRI 27.8 cm3,GTV-PETvis 22.2 cm3,GTV-PET30 22.7 cm3,GTV-PET40 14.4 cm3 and GTV-PET50 9.0 cm3.However,there was no significant difference between GTV-PETvis and GTV-PET30 (Z=-0.05,P=0.958),as well as GTV-MRI and GTV-PETvis or GTV-PET30 in 25 patients who were T1-2 stage (Z =-0.93,-0.93,P=0.353,O.353),the other GTVs were all different in 50 patients' (Z=-5.74-2.09,P =0.000-0.037).Conclusions All the GTVs delineated by the different methods of using FDG PET/CT were less than the GTV delineated by MRI.The potential advantages with the GTV-PETvis or GTV-PET30 delineated by FDG PET/CT are reduction of biological metabolic tumor volume in GTV delineation and reduction of the size of the GTV in NPC patients.