Objective:To establish a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of 5 microRNA (miRNA) target genes differentially expressed in the plasma of coal-burning fluoride exposed population, and to screen genes and gene modules with important roles.Methods:Five miRNA (hsa-miRNA-3131, hsa-miRNA-4516, hsa-miRNA-6501-5p, hsa-miRNA-10b-5p, hsa-miRNA-4683) target genes differentially expressed in the plasma of coal-burning fluoride exposed population screened by our previous study were mapped to the STRING online database (https://string-db.org), and the PPI network was screened. The Cytoscape v3.6.0 software was used to visualize the PPI network, the topological attribute values degree and betweenness centrality were obtained by the NetworkAnalyzer plug-in, and the central node was filtered in the network (the node with the highest degree and the highest betweenness centrality). At the same time, the maximal clique centrality (MCC) analysis method in the CytoHubba plug-in was used to determine the important nodes in the PPI network. The cluster analysis was conducted by the MCODE plug-in, and the gene modules were screened in the PPI network. The protein names contained in the gene modules were submitted online to the KOBAS v3.0 database (http://kobas.cbi.pku.edu.cn/), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed on the gene modules selected by the MCODE plug-in.Results:The PPI network of target genes was consisted of 1 035 nodes and 4 346 edges. The degree (101) and betweenness centrality (0.010 723 89) of ubiquitin A-52 residue ribosomal protein fusion product 1 (UBA52) were the highest, which was the central node of the PPI network. According to MCC analysis, UBA52 was an important node in the PPI network. The top 5 gene modules were selected from the PPI network, and the highly enriched gene pathways in the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the 5 gene modules included ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, spliceosome, endocytosis, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and vesicular transport.Conclusion:The PPI network of 5 miRNA target genes differentially expressed in the plasma of people exposed to coal-burning pollution of fluoride is successfully established, and the UBA52 gene and the 5 main pathways of gene modules are selected.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of primary testicular yolk sac tumor (YST).

METHODSWe studied 8 cases of primary testicular YST by microscopy and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe 8 cases of primary testicular YST, including 2 consultation cases, were confirmed from 1998 to 2013, accounting for 10.7% (8/75) of all the testicular germ cell tumors diagnosed in our hospital. The patients ranged in age from 7 to 43 years, 23.9 years on average. The main clinical manifestation of the patients was painless unilateral testis swelling. Microscopically, reticular tissues, schiller-duvaI (S-D) bodies, and eosin-stain transparent bodies were seen in the tumors. One of the cases was confirmed to be simple YST, while the other 7 mixed YST. AFP was a characteristic immunophenotype marker of the tumors.

CONCLUSIONPrimary testicular YST is a rare malignancyr with poor prognosis. Its diagnosis depends on preoperative AFP test and postoperative pathology. Comprehensive treatment, including orchiectomy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, can prolong the survival of the patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Endodermal Sinus Tumor ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Orchiectomy ; Rare Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Testicular Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Young Adult

In order to study the contraindications of the compatibility of Flos Genkwa-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae, in this study, the solubilizing and poisoning essence were explored. In this experiment, chromatographic assay, field emission scanning electron microscopy, MTT cytotoxicity evaluation, and other methods were used to study the main chemical components, morphology and toxicity of the ethyl acetate part of Flos Genkwa and its co-decoction with glycyrrhizic acid, in order to clarify Flos Genkwa-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae incompatibility provides a new idea for the research on incompatibility of Flos Genkwa-Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae. The results showed that after co-decoction of the ethyl acetate part of Flos Genkwa with glycyrrhizic acid, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detected the dissolution of the toxic component yuanhuacine of 54.8%, while yuanhuacine chromatographic peak was not detected in the Flos Genkwa ethyl acetate part of the single decoction. The increase of co-decoction dissolution rate was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and it was found that glycyrrhizic acid uniformly dispersed the fat-soluble components of Flos Genkwa into nano-scale particles, which improved the solubility and stability in the solution. Furthermore, the results of cytotoxicity evaluation showed that the survival rate of cells decreased after co-decoction, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining also gave the same results. In summary, the co-decoction of the ethyl acetate part of Flos Genkwa with glycyrrhizic acid promotes the dissolution of the toxic component yuanhuacine, and makes the part form uniformly distributed nanoparticles, which is conducive to the absorption of the ingredient and increases the toxicity.

High-affinity α-glucosidase inhibitors were screened from Cichorium glundulosum Boiss.et Hout seed (CGS) extract by ultra-filtration affinity-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UF-LC-MS) and molecular docking.By taking 4-nitrobenzene-α-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG) as substrate and acarbose as positive control to evaluate the inhibitory activity of CGS extract, IC50 of acarbose and CGS extract were 0.003 mg/mL and 0.447 mg/mL, respectively.Meanwhile, 4 compounds from CGS extract by UF-LC-MS were screened and identified.Then by using autodock software, the compounds that combined with α-glucosidase were well screened out, including chlorogenic acid and isochlorogenic acid A.The inhibitory activity of chlorogenic acid and chlorogenic acid A against α-glucosidase was verified in vitro.The results showed that the inhibitory activity of the compounds toward α-glucosidase presented the sequence of acarbose>isochlorogenic acid A>chlorogenic acid.The inhibition rate of isochlorogenic acid A was close to acarbose.The experimental results illustrated that UF-LC-MS and molecular docking could be used to screen high affinity enzyme inhibitors from CGS.

Objective To analyze the possible reasons of failed surgical treatment of acetabular fractures. Methods Various methods were used for positive patient identification, including according to Matta's X-ray assessment and Merle d'Aubigne & Postel hip function score of clinical standards for classification of acetabular fracture reduction surgery were not satisfied or not carried out a reduction and fixation,the clinical evaluation of hip joint as a "bad", occurrence of femoral head subluxation or dislocation, femoral head necrosis and other serious complications. From February 2000 to February 2008, 22 patients including 14 males and 8 females with an average age of 38.6 years (range, 18-72 years) were considered as failed cases. Results 45.5% of these cases were posterior wall fractures which were not given any fixation, 27.3% of them were posterior column fractures which were not fixed, 13.6% of them whose reduction and fixation of anterior wall fractures were not satisfied, and 9.1% of them were anterior column fractures which needed fixation. One case should take open reduction and iternal fixation instead of THA. The rate of misdiagnosis and mistaken diagnosis were 90% if only X-ray evaluation was made and this rate decreased to 8.3% if computed tomography was taken. The rate of wrong selection of operative approach was 100% in 10 cases of misdiagnosis, and which was 58.3% in 12 cases of correct diagnosis. In the 5 patients with correct diagnosis and selection of operative approach, the reasons of failed surgical treatment were due to imperfect surgical skills in 3 cases, and inappropriate fixation patterns in 2 cases. Conclusion The causes of the failure of surgical treatment for acetabular fracture might include preoperative missed diagnosis and misdiagnose, inappropriate approach, and an unreasonable internal fixation with unskillful technique.

Heart Neoplasms ; pathology ; Heart Ventricles ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Rhabdomyoma ; pathology

Objective To study the effect of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)on transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (TRPM4)channel activity. Methods Seventeen SD rats of clean grade were selected. They were randomly divided into either a SAH (n = 10)or a sham operation group (n = 7) according to the random number table. At day 5 after SAH modeling,the cerebral arteries were harvested and the cerebral arterial smooth muscle cells were isolated using enzymatic digestion method. Western blot was used to detect TRPM4 expression and translocation rate. Patch-clamp techniques were used to study the maximum current intensity of the TRPM4 single channel in cerebral arterial smooth muscle cells. Results The fluorescent-stained TRPM4 were observed in cerebral arterial smooth muscle cells in the 2 groups of rats. The relative quantities of TRPM4 in the total protein of the sham operation group and the SAH group were 24 ± 3% and 32 ± 4% respectively. There was significant difference between the 2 groups (t = 4. 47,P < 0. 01). The translocation rates of TRPM4 in the sham operation group and the SAH group were 44. 0 ± 1. 9% and 60. 1 ± 2. 3% respectively,and the SAH group was higher than the sham operation group (χ2 = 4. 48,P < 0. 05). When the clamping voltages were - 100 mV,- 80 mV,- 60 mV,and - 40 mV,the maximum current intensity of TRPM4 single channel of the sham operation group was more than that of the SAH group. There were significant differences between the 2 groups (- 1. 90 ± 0. 10 mV vs. - 2. 23 ± 0. 08 mV,- 1. 68 ± 0. 12 mV vs. - 1. 99 ± 0. 12 mV,- 0. 89 ± 0. 09 mV vs. - 1. 24 ± 0. 09 mV,and - 0. 69 ± 0. 12 mV vs. - 0. 92 ± 0. 11 mV;all P < 0. 01). When the clamping voltages were - 20,0,20,40,60,80,and 100 mV,there was no significant difference in the maximum current intensity of TRPM4 single channel between the 2 groups (all P > 0. 05). Conclusion SAH has the induced effect for TRPM4 activity.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features,diagnosis,treatment,prognosis and causative agent of a case of eumycetoma on the submaxilla.Methods A case of eumycetoma diagnosed in our department was assessed for its clinical and pathological features as well as mycologic and molecular identification.Related literature was reviewed.Results The patient was primarily characterized by swelling of the submaxilla,with multiple sinuses draining many black granules.Pathologic examination revealed a pyogenic granulomatous inflammation,and a number of lotus rhizome node-like hypha were observed in tissue samples through PAS staining.Sequence analysis of multiple loci of the isolates,including ITS 1,ITS2 and D1/D2,showed that it was mostly similar to Madurella mycetomatis with a homology of 97%.Conclusion This is a case ofeumycetoma on the submaxilla induced by a novel species of Madurella.

0.05).At the late stage (8-48 h) of incubation,the presence time of E7_(49-57)/K~b was significantly pro- longed on the surface of Tat-E7_(49-57)-incubated cells than that on the surface of other peptides-incubated cells (all P

Objective To investigate the feasibility, efficacy, safety and economy of secondary splenic pedicle trisection method in removing schistosoma cirrhosis caused the splenic function. Methods Thirty patients receiving spleen secondary structure amputation between July 2014 and September 2016 were analyzed. Results Laparoscopic splenectomy with secondary splenic pedicle transaction was successfully performed in 28 patients, whereas two Endo-GIAs were used in 2 patients. The average of operation time was (80 ± 20) min, and operative blood loss was (320 ± 10) ml. The drainage of the splenic fossa was removed (3- 4) days after operation.Postoperative hospital stay was (10.8 ± 1.2) days after operaions. No massive hemorrhage, pancreatic leakage, secondary infection, serious complications such as abscess under diaphragm and recent complication such as infection of incision occurred postoperatively. Platelet of all patients recovered in 4 days postoperatively, and patients with platelet>400 × 109/L was given oral aspirin enteric-coated metformin hydrochloride. All patients were followed up for 6 months postoperatively, and no intestinal obstruction, portal vein thrombosis and other long-term complications occurred in all patients. Conclusions The amputation of secondary structures of the spleen in laparoscopic splenectomy to remove schistosoma cirrhosis caused the splenic function is safe. It could shorten the length of hospital stay and reduce the medical cost. It is a valuable method for clinical promotion.