3 years old than those in ≤3 years old group.The incidence rate of the adverse reaction after SPT was 1.6%(6/384),there were 4 temporary fieber,1 asthma and 1 anaphylactic shock.Conclusions The common allergens are inhalant allergens of dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and dermatophagoides farina in Chongming island.The SPT is more suitable for over 3 years old children with typical anaphylaxis of respiratory symptom and maybe have the potential danger.

ObjectiveTo investigate the outcome and risk factors for kidney involvement by analyzing 64 patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA)-associated vasculitis.MethodsData analyzed including the demographic information,survival status,renal survival status and laboratory parameters such asserum albumin level,serum creatinine level,urinary protein excretion level,hematuria,high sensitivity C-reactive protein(CRP),ANCA titer,and the Birmingham vasculitis activity score (BVAS).Logistic regression analysis,Cox regression analysis and ROC curve were used to evaluate the risk factors of patients with renal involvement and all-event survival.ResultsTotally 64 patients were enrolled [24 females with the average age of (59.9±2.0) years] and followed up for a median of (38±16) months.The morality rate was 14％,and the prevalence of end stage renal disease was 39％.Compared with those who had better outcomes,patients who died or with end stage renal disease had higher serum creatinine level [ (624±246),(245±127 ) μ mol/L,respectively,t=7.17,P＝0.005 ] and erythrocyte sediment rate [ (112±24),(76±48) mm/1 h,respectively,t=3.74,P＜0.01 ],but lower serum albumin level [(294±31 ),(316±42) g/L,respectively,t=-2.27,P=0.01 ] and hemoglobin level [ (79±13),(99±33) g/L,respectively,t=-3.23,P＜0.01 ] at baseline.Logistic regression analysis found that serum creatinine level and erythrocyte sediment rate at baseline were associated with poor outcome and Cox regression analysis further confirmed this result[Scrβ=1.004,95％CI1.002～1.006,P＜0.01; ESR β=l.018,95％CI 1.000～1.037,P=0.046].ROC curve analysis showed that serum creatinine and erythrocyte sediment rate were predictors for AAV patients' prognosis and their AUC were 0.95 and 0.80,the sensitivity of these parameters was both 94％,and the specificity was 93％ and 70％respectively.ConclusionThe intensity of initial treatment should be based on disease severity and activity in order to improve the prognosis of those with ANCA-associated vasculitis with renal involvement.Increased serum creatinine and erythrocyte sediment rate may serve as predictors for poor prognosis in this patient cohort.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic value of CT peritoneography for peritoneal complications of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). METHODS: CT peritoneography in 11 CAPD patients with clinically suspected dialysis-related complications was prospectively studied. The CAPD patients were all treated in Renji Hospital from 2005 to 2007. CT images were reviewed according to the evidence of peritoneal leaks, hernias, loculate pleural fluid collections, and adhesions. RESULTS: Abnormal findings were found in 9 of 11 CAPD cases including inguinal hernias (3 cases), umbilical hernia (1 case), hydrocele (1 case), leaks in catheter tunnel (2 cases), and peritoneal adhesions (2 cases). Parts of them were confirmed by surgical operation. CONCLUSION: CT peritoneography is useful for the evaluation of complications related to CAPD, and it offers excellent tissue contrast and multiplanar imaging for assessment of the complications.

OBJECTIVE: Duplicating the classical alcoholic hepatic injury model, to provide an ideal animal model for research on prevention and treatment of hepatic injury. METHODS: According to the prescription of Lieber-DeCarli, the same calorie fluid animal feed, which contained ethanol or non-ethanol, was prepared. Twenty-three rats were divided into normal control group (n=5), control liquid diet group (n=9), ethanol liquid diet group (n=9). Rats in the normal control group were fed normal diet, and rats in the control liquid diet group and ethanol liquid diet group were fed the corresponding diet for eight weeks. The pathologic changes of hepatic tissue were observed. The activities of the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the liver tissue gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT), the content of triglyceride (TG), and the lipid peroxidation by-products were assayed. RESULTS: Compared to the normal control and the control liquid diet groups, the activities of ALT, AST, and gamma-GT, and the lipid peroxidation by-products increased significantly in the ethanol liquid diet group. The pathological changes of cellular swelling and fatty degeneration in the ethanol liquid diet group were severe. CONCLUSION: Alcoholic hepatic injury model can be successfully duplicated by Lieber-DeCarli prescription.

Objective To investigate the influence of humanitarian care on the depression and the anxiety of patients before they receive their abdominal surgery. Methods 98 patients were randomly derided into the experi-ment group and the control group and each group consisted of 49 patients. Humanitarian care was conducted in the ex-periment group while the control group only implemented the traditional functional nursing. Self-rating Depression Scale and Self-rating Anxiety Scale were used as the evaluation tools. Results The depression and the anxiety values of patients in the experiment group were obviously lower than those in the control group. Comparing both groups (P <0.05), such difference was of statistical significance. Conclusion The humanitarian care can reduce the feeling of depression and anxiety of patients, which is good for the recovery after surgery.

Objective Pueraria extract puerarin,HPLC assay puerarin extract and compare different doses of correlation with the hang-over effect of puerarin evaluate different doses of puerarin liver hangover effect. Methods Extracted under optimal conditions obtained in the previous experiment puerarin spare,HPLC method for qualitative and quantitative detection of alcohol extract of kudzu root ( PRE) ,the male Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group,positive control group and puerarin group,each group of 10. Give mice fed pueraria extract,30 min after administration of liquor,drunk mice sobering observation time and the determination of mouse liver ADH,GOT,GPT con-tent in order to investigate the effect of puerarin on drunken mice. Results HPLC fraction was measured at 8 times the volume of 70% etha-nol,60 ℃ constant temperature water bath shaker at 30 min for optimal extraction conditions puerarin extraction. Compared with the positive control groups:low,medium and high doses of alcohol extract of pueraria can significantly shorten the time to sober up drunken mice,the dose of PRE could effectively inhibit the absorption of alcohol,reduce liver tissue ADH,GOT,GPT,the effects of high doses of PRE absorption of alcohol was small. Conclusion HPLC method capable of puerarin extract the qualitative and quantitative determination of puerarin on liver injury caused by acute alcoholism a protective regulatory role,and the hangover effect of puerarin dose showed a good positive correlation.

Objective To observe the expression of Cathepsin S in the human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) perfusion induced AAA lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient(ApoE-/-) mice.Methods AAA specimens of clinical diagnosis patients(AAA group) and the normal blood vessels(control group)were collected.The AAA model was established by infused Ang Ⅱ 1 000ng · kg-1 · d-1 to ApoE-/-mice.Elastic fibersfracture was observed by elastic fiber staining and Cathepsin S expression by immunohistochemistry.Results The elastic fiber staining revealed that the elastic fibers fracture of the human and mouse AAA group increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05) ; Cathepsin S expression significantly increased in the human and mouse AAA group than the control group by immunohistochemistry(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Cathepsin S is activated in human and murine AAA lesions and may be involved in the pathogenesis of AAA.

Objective To study the iodine nutritional status of population living in Tibetan pastoral areas,in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods Drinking water samples were collected to test iodine content in agricultural town(Kajiaman) and pastoral area(Zuogaiduoma town) of Hezuo in Gannan Tibetan autonomous prefecture.Thirty of child-bearing age,pregnant and breastfeeding women were selected,respectively,and 90 male adults aged 20-50 from these families(1 from each family) and 90 children aged 8-10 (30 people in each age group) from local schools were randomly sampled at the same time,and urinary iodine (UI) was measured randomly.Edible salt and main food samples were collected to test iodine content from the 10 families of the three types of women,respectively,and they were asked to recall its family intake of food species in the past 24 h excluding spices.The water iodine was determined using arseniccerium redox method (GB/T 5750.1-2006) ; UI with ammonium persulfate digestion-arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometric method (WS/T 107-2006) ; salt iodine used direct determination method(GB/T 13025.7-1999); and food iodine with alkali the gray arsenic cerium contact colorimetry.All these work were done in May,2011.Results The average of water iodine was (1.63 ± 0.14)μg/L in agricultural areas and (2.08 ±1.90)μg/Lin pastoral areas of the 10 water samples tested,respectively.The median urinary iodine(MUI) among women of pregnant,lactating and child-bearing age,male adults and children was 141.99,126.65,253.33,258.07,191.0μg/L,respectively,in agricultural areas and 137.26,97.36,126.16,159.48,285.07 μg/L,respectively,in pastoral areas.The difference of MUI in lactating,male adults and children between pastoral and agricultural areas was statistically significant.The proportion of UI ＜ 50 μg/L was less than 20％,and ＜ 100 μg/L was less than 50％ among all population except lactating woman and pregnant women in pastoral areas.The iodized salt coverage rate was 100％(30/30) in agricultural areas and 90％(27/30) in pastoral areas,and the salt iodine was (32.1 ± 7.8)mg/kg in agricultural areas and (32.3 ± 6.0)mg/kg in pastoral areas,respectively.The food structure in agricultural areas was mainly potato,naked oat fruit,cabbage and so on,the average dietary iodine content was 285.7 μg/kg,and in pastoral areas was mainly chow mein,wheat flour,ghee,yogurt,barley and so on,the average dietary iodine content was 51.1 μg/kg.Conclusions There is no iodine deficiency in general in the population in Tibetan areas with low water iodine.However,iodine nutrition of pregnant women can not be guaranteed.It is recommended that classified guidance measures be taken to ensure the sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency disorders in the Tibetan minority areas.

In order to study the susceptibility of murine vaginal mucosa to Candida albicans under different conditions, vaginal lavage fluid and vaginal tissue of mice were observed and compared between murine models with normal immune system (estrogen-treated mice) and immunosuppressed murine model, and between primary infection model of vaginal candidiasis and secondary infection one. The average level of colony forming unit (CFU) from the immuosuppressed group was higher than that from estrogen-treated group at each time point and the peak time was delayed. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05) from the fourth day after inoculation. A significant difference existed in the average level of CFU between the control group and the estrogen-treated group (P < 0.05), and between the control group and the immuosuppressed group (P < 0.01). It was concluded that the vaginal mucosa from the immunosuppressed mice is more susceptible to Candida albicans and no difference is found in susceptibility between mice with primary infection and secondary infection.
Candida albicans/drug effects ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/*etiology ; Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal/*immunology ; Disease Susceptibility ; Estrogens/*pharmacology ; Immunocompromised Host ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Random Allocation ; Vagina/microbiology

Objective To evaluate the accuracy and value of measurement of left ventricular systolic function in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients with stereo three-dimensional echocardiography (S3 DE). Methods End-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV),stroke volume(SV) and ejection fraction(EF) of the left ventricle were measured with M-mode echocardiography(ME),two-dimensional echocardiography(2DE) and S3DE in DCM patientsC20 cases). HCM patients(20 cases),and normal controls(20 cases). The different results among the three groups or three methods were analyzed. Results (①In all the three groups,the results of EDV,ESV,and SV obtained with ME were significantly higher than those obtained with S3DE( P <0. 01). Only in normal group( P <0. 01) and HCM group ( P <0. 05) ,the results of EF obtained with ME and 2DE were significantly higher than that obtained with S3DE. ②By S3DE,compared with normal group,EDV,ESV were increased and EF was decreased obviously in DCM group (all P <0. 01); while in HCM group, only SV was significantly higher( P < 0. 01). ③EDV, ESV, and EF measured by S3DE were correlated and fit well with those measured by 2DE(r = 0.778,0.876, 0.932;R2 =0.605,0.767,0.869;all P <0.01). ④Within HCM group,excluding the impact of heart rate,cardiac output (CO) was highly correlated with SV( r = 0. 987,P < 0. 01). Conclusions S3DE can real-time display the stereo structure of the heart, and accurately and reliably assess the left ventricular systolic function, with a priority over traditional ME and 2DE methods. EDV,ESV, and EF are still effective indicators for the clinical assessment of left ventricular systolic function. SV obtained with S3DE will be expected to be the more sensitive and accurate value in assessing left ventricular systolic function in patients with early-stage cardiomyopathy.