This study was to investigate the permeability and absorbability of capsaicin cubosome across abdominal skin of the SD rats in vitro. Diffusion of capsaicin cubosome and cream was performed with the modified Franz diffusion cell technique. The capsaicin cubosome showed no enhancement of skin permeation within 24 hours. However, the deposition amounts of capsaicin in the rat skin in the cubosome group was markedly higher than those in the commercial cream group (P < 0.01). Cubosome showed excellent characetristic of skin-targed which could be a good carrier for the local transdermal drug delivery system.
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Capsaicin ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Kinetics ; Male ; Particle Size ; Permeability ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Skin Absorption

Combining the speed of two-dimensional detection with the precision of three-dimensional detection, an automatic algorithm based on high resolution CT images is proposed to identify nodules in this paper. Nodule candidates are extracted by a two-dimensional convergence index (CI) filter, then a three-dimensional Hessian matrix detection filter is introduced to reduce false positive lung nodules, Experiments show that the algorithm is effective with a sensitivity of 90% and the false positive lung nodules per slice is 0.33.
Algorithms ; False Positive Reactions ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Solitary Pulmonary Nodule ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods

Objective To explore the changes in expression of Klotho, an aging-suppression protein, and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin ( NGAL) and their relationship with rat mesangial cells ( RMCs) cultured with high glucose in vitro, and to explore the role played by Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) / nuclear factor-kB(NF-kB) p65 pathways in this process. Methods Three NGAL-siRNA sequences were designed and synthesized. The effective sequence in subsequent experiments was chosen. RMCs were preincubated with pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC)or exogenously added Klotho prior to high glucose treatment. Realtime PCR was used to analyze Klotho, TLR4, NGAL mRNA expressions. Western blot was used to observe Klotho, TLR4,NF-kB p65, NGAL,fibronectin (FN), and connective tissue growth factor ( CTGF) protein expression. ELISA assay was used to detect monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( MCP-1) and CXCL5 secretions. Results High glucose suppressed Klotho expression significantly(P<0. 05) and activated TLR4 / NF-kB p65 pathway. Meanwhile,the levels of NGAL,FN,CTGF, MCP-1, and CXCL5 were highly expressed ( P < 0. 01). NGAL gene silencing obviously down-regulated the increased expressions of FN, CTGF, MCP-1, and CXCL5 ( P < 0. 01). After PDTC treatment the overexpression of NGAL protein was markedly lowered(P<0. 01). In addition, Klotho treatment significantly inhibited the activity of TLR4 /NF-kB p65 pathways and down-regulated the expressions of NGAL, FN, CTGF, MCP-1 and CXCL5 stimulated by high glucose(P<0. 01). Conclusion Klotho inhibits the activity of TLR4 / NF-kB p65 pathways and thus inhibits NGAL expression in RMCs cultured with high glucose in vitro. And then it suppresses the expressions of FN, CTGF, MCP-1, and CXCL5. This provides a new basis to illustrate the protection mechanism of the anti-aging protein Klotho in diabetic nephropathy, and may provide new ideas and therapeutic targets for prevention and treatment.

Objective To explore the predictive value of microvessel density(MVD)and blood vessel invasion(BVI)in hepatic metastasis from early-stage rectal cancer.Methods MVD and BVI in the tumor tissue from 380 patients with stage I and II rectal cancer was determined by immunohistochemical S-P method with anti-CDIOS antibody and anti-CD34 antibody,respectively.Multinomial logistic regression was performed to analyze the predictive value of MVD and BVI in hepatic metastasis from early-stage rectal cancer.Results CD105 was expressed in newborn blood vessels,not in normal blood veseels.in the rectal cancer tissue.MVD was correlated with histological type and infiltration depth(P＜0.05).Besides histological type and infiltration depth,BVI was also correlated with histological grade.Multivariate analysis revealed that histological type,tumor infiltration depth,BVI,adjuvant therapy,and MDV were independent predictors of hepatic metastasis from rectal cancer.The risk of hepatic metastasis in patients with postive expression of either MVD or BVI or both were significant higher than that in patients with low expression of MVD and those without BVI expression[hazard ratio(95%CI),4.210(2.182-11.214)].Conclusion BVI and MVD are independent predictors of hepatic metastasis from stage I and II rectal cancer.Combined detection of MVD and BVI may help to predict the clinical outcome of patients with early-stage rectal cancer.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the preparation of hydroxycamptothecine (HCPT)-loaded cubic crystal liquid embolic precursor solution, and evaluate its in vitro embolic efficiency. Phytantriol was used as cubic crystal liquid embolic material, and the optimal formulation was selected according to ternary phase diagram. Polarized light microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) were used to characterize the cubic crystal structure. High performance liquid chromatography and X-ray diffraction analysis were used to investigate the lactone ring of HCPT. In vitro dissolution was preliminary evaluated, and the simulation embolic model was constructed to evaluate the embolic efficiency of precursor solution. Meanwhile, the gelation time and adhesion force were investigated. The results showed that HCPT-loaded precursor solution for embolization had been successfully prepared with low viscosity which was injectable. The precursor solution could transform into Pn3m structure liquid crystal phase gel rapidly when contracting with excess water. The formed HPCT gel remained its lactone form as the same in precursor solution, and expressed the good ability to block the saline flow, and HCPT could keep sustained releasing drug over 30 days. The prepared drug-loaded embolic precursor solution showed a promising potential for vascular embolization and application in clinical treatment of tumor.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Camptothecin ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; chemistry ; Fatty Alcohols ; chemistry ; Liquid Crystals ; Scattering, Small Angle ; Water ; X-Ray Diffraction

Objective To assess the value of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio ( NLR) for predict the prognosis in patients with high grade T1 bladder.Methods From January 2004 to December 2014, the data of 307 patients diagnosed as bladder cancer of Stage 1 and high grade after undergoing TURBT were analyzed, including gender, age, smoking status, tumor number and size, hydronephrosis, intravesical instillations and preoperative blood transfusion of 307 patients diagnosed as bladder cancer of stage 1 and high grade after undergoing TURBT were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were primary urothelial carcinoma.According to preoperative NLR,patients were divided into the low NLR group( NLR≤2.42,n=197) and the high NLR group(NLR >2.42,n =110).Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival ( PFS) were calculated according to the Kaplan-Meier model and compared by the log-rank model.Cox regression models were used for multivariate analyses of the association between NLR and bladder cancer, then the prognostic factors affecting RFS and PFS were evaluated.Result of these 307 patients, the low NLR group accounted for 64.2%(197/307), and the high NLR group accounted for 35. 8%(110/307).The mean follow-up period was 71(range, 1-123)months.The recurrence rate in the low NLR group and the high NLR group recurrence rate were 19.2%( 38/197 ) and 34.5%( 38/110 ) respectively, RFS were 73.0(range, 2-123)months and 67.5(range, 1-122)months respectively.The progression rates were 4.1%(8/197) and 10.9%(12/110) respectively.The recurrence and progression rates in the high NLR group is higher than those in the low NLR group(P<0.01 and P=0.008), and RFS was shorter( P=0.002).Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that NLR>2.42(P=0.007,HR=1.912)and hydronephrosis (P<0.01, HR =2.485 ) are associated with higher risk of recurrence.Conclusion Elevated preoperative NLR is an independent predictor of RFS and PFS in patients with high grade T1 bladder cancer.

Objective To clarify the clinical features,therapeutic strategy and prognosis of lipid storage myopathy (LSM).Methods The clinical data and therapeutic effects of 42 LSM patients were summarized retrospectively.All patients were followed up to evaluate their prognosis.Results Data of short-term therapeutic results of all the 42 patients were available.Thirty-three cases were placed in low- doses prednisone and 9 cases in riboflavin.All patients showed marked and quick improvement of symptoms within one month.Among thirty-two patients followed up for more than one year,26 cases had a full recovery and 6 remained to have intolerance to heavy exercise.Thirteen patients had relapses of muscle weakness in various degrees and most of which were induced by exertion,exposure to coldness and upper respiratory tract infection.In 5 patients the symptoms were recurred for more than one time.Among 13 cases with relapses, 7 had family history.Conclusions Our data suggest that LSM is a treatable disease and well responsive to low-doses prednisone.The disease tends to recur,especially in patients with family history.Glutaric aciduria type Ⅱ should be considered in LSM patients who are responsive well to riboflavin,indicating drug therapeutic strategy for LSM should be based on the etiology of the disease.

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the roles of JAK/STATs signal pathway on anti-proliferative effects induced by IFN-alpha in MHCC97.

METHODSAn IRF9 expression vector was transfected into MHCC97 with Dosper. The expression of IRF9, cycle regulating proteins and the forming of ISGF3 complex were detected using Western blot and EMSA, respectively. Cell proliferation and distribution were monitored using MTT and flow cytometry.

RESULTSHigh expression of IRF9 restored the anti-proliferative response of MHCC97 on IFN-alpha treatment and delayed the cell transition from S phase to G2 phase induced by IFN-alpha.

CONCLUSIONThe integrity and functions of JAK/STATs signal pathway played an important role in mediating the anti-proliferative effects of IFN-alpha in MHCC97.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit ; genetics ; Interferon-alpha ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Janus Kinases ; genetics ; physiology ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; STAT Transcription Factors ; genetics ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Transfection

Aged ; Biopsy, Needle ; methods ; Coal Mining ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; complications ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) on the proliferation of hepatocytes and hepatic tumor cells and the expression of ALR in herpatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

METHODSPrimary rat hepatocytes, QGY and HepG2 cells were cultured separately with ALR from different species. Cell proliferation was detected by their 3H-TdR uptake. The expression of ALR was examined in 9 normal hepatic tissues and 21 HCC cases using immunohistochemistry method.

RESULTSDifferent ALRs could stimulate the proliferation of HepG2 and QGY cells in a dose-dependent way in vitro, but all ALR had no influence in the proliferation of primary rat hepatocytes. The expression of ALR was absent in normal hepatic tissues, but present in all HCC hepatic tissues. However, the expression of ALR had no relationship with the differentiation and size of the carcinomas.

CONCLUSIONALR might play an important role in the occurrence and development of HCC.

Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; Hepatocytes ; metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Liver Regeneration ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar