This paper introduced and analyzed the unique geographical location and diverse climatic conditions in the yunnan region, its rich reservation of regional medical plant resources, and the local history, doctors, literatures and medical schools of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Besides, we combined the characteristics with the current national development strategy "The Belt and Road Initiative" , "cultural soft power" and the Yunnan’s development strategy "big health industry" and "healthy life destination" . This paper discussed the current situation and development prospect of the international development of TCM in Yunnan and the results helped to provide suggestion for the internationalision of TCM in Yunnan.

Objective To analyze the relationship between the clinical features of hepatoblastoma and serum alpha-fetoprotein level.Methods We did a retrospective study in 74 cases into the relationship of clinical stages,treatment,prognosis,and AFP value in hepatoblastoma.Results In Stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients,the average AFP was (36 333 ± 13 782) ng/ml and in Stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ,the average AFP was (78 346 ± 27 956) ng/ml,P ＜ 0.05.68 patients received preoperative chemotherapy with alpha-fetoprotein determinations before and after chemotherapy respectively.In 44 cases AFP decreased ＞ 50％ after chemotherapy,and in 20 cases AFP declined ＞90％,while in 13 cases AFP increased after chemotherapy.15 cases had serum AFP measured on the first postoperative day,among them 10 cases had a ＞ 50％ AFP decline,3 cases had a ＜ 50％ AFP decline,while in 2 cases AFP value increased.52 cases were postoperatively followed-up,with overall 3 year-survival rate of 86.5％ ; 7 cases recurred,4 died.The average preop AFP level in 7 recurred cases was (27 060 ± 3 569) ng/ml,while the average preop AFP level in those of 3-year recurrence-free was (29 865 ± 5 867) ng/ml,P ＞ 0.05.Only 57％ tumor recurred cases had back to normal AFP level within one month postop,while 89％ long term survivals reported normal range of AFP during that period,P ＜ 0.05.Conclusions Serum AFP level in patients with hepatoblastoma is related to the course of disease.It can be used to estimate the effect of clinical chemotherapy.The speed of alpha-fetoprotein decline postop can be used as an indicator of prognosis.The postoperative normal AFP level within 4 weeks predicts a favorable prognosis.

Objective: To study clinical application value of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and nitroglycerin stress single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for evaluation of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 39 patients after PCI were examined by DSE and SPECT one week before coronary angiography (CAG). Dose incremental program of dobutamine included five levels：5μg•kg-1•min-1, 10μg• kg-1• min-1, 20μg•kg-1•min-1, 30μg•kg-1•min-1, 40μg•kg-1•min-1, and each level maintained for three minutes. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of DSE and SPECT were determined according to CAG examined result and examined results were compared between DSE and SPECT. Results: Compared with CAG, SPECT and DSE were no significant differences （P>0.05）in sensitivity (83.3% vs. 75.0%) and accuracy (71.8% vs. 87.2%) for evaluating restenosis after PCI, but compared with SPECT, DSE possessed higher specificity (66.7% vs. 92.6%). Conclusions: Dobutamine stress echocardiography is accurate, and its specificity is better than that of SPECT for evaluating restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention.

The primary processing is important links and closely related to the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and is not only cleaning of remove the non-officinal parts, drying for termination the physiological status of organisms, but also retaining the most active substances, decreasing the toxic components, and promoting the transformation among chemical ingredients through primary processing. So the traditional primary processing endows with characters, quality, specifications and properties of traditional Chinese medicine, and embodies some important science truth. The traditional primary processing method and technology systems are derived from the long-term practices and experiences, which are distinctive, colorful, diverse, and scientific, which are helpful to development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources. This paper systemically expounds the research status of the Chinese medicine processing method, summarizes the problems in the primary processing of traditional Chinese medicinal materials research, and prospects its bright future.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; trends ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Objective To investigate the effect of calcium antagonist verapamil on the function of rat?- cells and tolbutamide (D860)-induced insulin release.Methods Insulin released from isolated islets were measured in control,verapamil,D860,and verapamil+D860 groups.Furthermore,intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was conducted in acute experiments treated with verapamil and D860 respectively to assess?-cell function in rats with the same allocation as in vitro.Another IVGTT was performed in the end of 4 weeks' treatment.The insulin contents in pancreas were assayed and pancreas islets morphology were observed with immunohistochemistry.Results Verapamil could inhibit insulin release from isolated islets.Verapamil group was [(1.244?0.082)ng?ml~(-1)?islet~(-1)]and control group (2.623?0.226) ng?ml~(-1)?islet~(-1)(P0.05).Also,similar results were obtained in normal rats during acute experiments and verapamil reduce the hypoglycemic effect promoted by D860. However,above results were not observed in the end of 4 weeks experiments,and no difference for insulin content and morphological change in islets was found among four groups.Conclusion Treatment of verapamil chronically does not impair islet function and interfere with the hypoglycemic effect of D860 in rats .

OBJECTIVETo investigate pharmacokinetic parameters of peoniflorin, albiflorin and amygdaloside after administration of Guizhi Fuling capsule in beagle dogs.

METHODPlasma was collected from forelimb vein of Beagle dogs after oral administration of Guizhi Fuling capsule. HPLC-MS/MS method was used to determine the concentrations of constituents in plasma. The pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by program DAS 2.0.

RESULTThe limit of quantitation of peoniflorin, albiflorin and amygdaloside were 0.25, 2.64, 0.04 microg x L(-1), respectively. After administrated with different doses, half-life of peoniflorin in dogs were 4.33, 3.62 h, albiflorin were 6.16, 5.91 h, amygdaloside were 2.43, 1.32 h. The AUC(0-t) of all components were related to dose.

CONCLUSIONThe pharmacokinetic course of peoniflorin, albiflorin and amygdaloside can be described by two-compartment model, and these components have high expose.

Administration, Oral ; Amygdalin ; blood ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Benzoates ; blood ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; blood ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Dogs ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Glucosides ; blood ; Half-Life ; Male ; Monoterpenes ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

This study was aimed to investigate the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and its clinical significance. Expression of VEGF was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the level of COX-2 was detected by Western blot. The results showed that the serum VEGF level of multiple myeloma patients (365.34 +/- 65.63 pg/ml) was higher than that in the normal persons (122.52 +/- 39.29 pg/ml) (p < 0.05); the serum VEGF level of patients at advanced stage (395.07 +/- 54.90) pg/ml was higher than those at stable stage (300.33 +/- 44.22) pg/ml (p < 0.05). The serum Cox-2 positive rate in the patients (31%) was higher than that in normal persons (0%) (p < 0.01); the serum Cox-2 positive rate in the patients at advanced stage (50%) was higher than those at stable stage (21%) (p < 0.01). It is concluded that VEGF and COX-2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of multiple myeloma, they can be used to evaluate the status of patients with MM.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; blood ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood

Objective Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) severely affects the life of women and the estrogen replacement therapy for it has obvious adverse effects. This article aimed to study the effect of polygoni multiflori radix preparata (PMRP) on DOR in rats and provide a therapeutic option for clinical medication. Methods Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into six groups of equal number,normal control,DOR model control,high-dose PMRP (4 g/kg),medium-dose PMRP (2 g/kg),low-dose PMRP (1 g/kg),and positive control. The DOR model was established by gavage of tripterygium glycosides as 75 mg/kg every morning,followed by administration of PMRP in the PMRP groups,Estradiol valerate at 0.18 mg/kg in the positive control group and distilled water in the model control group in the afternoon,all for 30 consecutive days. The estrous cycle of the rats was observed,the levels of serum estradiol (E2),follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),luteinizing hor-mone (LH),anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and inhibin-B (INH- B) were determined by ELISA,the ovarian and uterine indexes were obtained,and the ovarian morphology was observed by HE stai-ning,and the counts of follicles at different stages were recorded. Results Compared with the normal controls,the DOR model rats showed modeling time-related lengthening,irregularity and even disorder of the estrous cycle,with a few epithelial cells or keratino-cytes and leucocytes on the vaginal smear at 11-30 days. The estrous cycle was normal in the PMRP and positive control groups at 1-10 days and relatively prolonged at 11-30 days. In comparison with the normal control group,the DOR model rats exhibited a signifi-cantly decreased levels of serum E2 ([302.6±42.9] vs [155.7±46.8] pg/mL,P<0.05) and INH-B ([494.5±84.1] vs [299.2± 106.8] pg/mL,P<0.05) but increased levels of FSH ([7.2±0.5] vs [21.7±1.2] mIU/mL,P<0.05) and LH ([17.4±1.2] vs [25.0±1.0] mU/mL,P<0.05). The INH-B level was markedly elevated in the PMRP and positive control groups as compared with that in the DOR models (P<0.05). The counts of follicles and corpora lutea were remarkably lower in the DOR model rats (P<0.05) while that of developing follicles markedly higher in the PMRP and positive control groups than in the normal control group (P<0.05). The numbers of atretic follicles+corpora lutea were significantly increased in the high-dose PMRP group but decreased in the low-dose PMRP group (P<0.05) and positive controls (P<0.05). The counts of primordial and developing follicles were dramatically higher in the PMRP and positive control groups than in the DOR model controls (P<0.01) and so were the numbers of atretic follicles+corpora lutea in the high-and medium-dose PMRP groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Polygoni multiflori radix preparata can effectively protect the reproductive function of female rats by inhibiting tripterygium glycosides-induced toxicity to the ovary.

OBJECTIVETo explore the method for labeling Flk1+ CD31- CD34- human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) with ferumoxide-PLL and evaluate the feasibility of its tracing after transplantation into the brains of Macaca Fascicularis.

METHODSThe hBMSCs were incubated with ferumoxide-PLL. Trypan blue staining, Prussian blue staining, and transmission electron microscope were performed to show intracellular iron, marking efficiency, and the vigor of the labeled cells. After the hBMSCs were transplanted into the brains of cynomolgus monkeys by stereotaxis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to trace the cells in vivo. Cell survival and differentiation were studied with immunohistochemistry, Prussian blue staining, and HE staining.

RESULTSThe marking efficiency of the ferumoxide-PLL was 96%. Iron particles were found intracytoplasmic of the hBMSCs by Prussian blue staining and transmission electron microscopy. The relaxation rates of labeled cells in MRI were 4.4 and 4.2 times higher than those of the unlabeled cells. Hypointensity area was found by MRI three weeks after transplantation. Many hBMSCs and new vessels were found in the transplantation zone by pathological and immunofluorescence methods.

CONCLUSIONSFerumoxide-PLL can effectively label hBMSCs and thus increase its contrast in MRI results. The cells can survive in the brains of cynomolgus monkeys. The labeled hBMSCs can be traced in vivo by MRI.

Animals ; Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Cells ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Brain ; blood supply ; metabolism ; Brain Chemistry ; Contrast Media ; chemistry ; Dextrans ; Ferrosoferric Oxide ; chemistry ; Humans ; Macaca fascicularis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Magnetite Nanoparticles ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; analysis ; metabolism ; Staining and Labeling ; methods ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 ; analysis ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the specificity of anti-phosphotyrosine monoclonal antibody PY20 in bcr-abl+ cells and its possible clinical applications.

METHODSBcr-abl cell lines( K562, MEG-01) and bcr-abl- cells lines( Jurkat, MCF-7 )were stained with PY20. Phosphotyrosine protein of K562 and MEG-01 cells was detected by flow cytometry before and after treatment with imatinib. Phosphotyrosine protein in bone marrow cells from 49 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Ph+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia(Ph(+) -ALL), Ph- ALL, acute myeloid leukemia (AML-M1, M2, M3, M5, FAB classification), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CML) and 3 normal donor. Positive cells over 5% of total cells was considered positive cases for phosphotyrosine protein. The level of tyrosine phosphorylation was determined by median fluorescence intensity (MFI).

RESULTSBcr-abl cell lines and marrow cells from 10 CML patients and 8 ALL patients were all PY20-positive, while bcr-abl- cell lines and marrow cells from 18 leukemia patients and 3 normal donor were all PY20-negative. MFI decreased remarkably after blocked by imatinib in K562 cells and MEG-01 cells. The positive cell percent of marrow cells from 10 newly diagnosed CML patients and 9 imatinib-sensitive CML patients was (54.20 +/- 19.82)% and (14.84 +/- 6.17)% (P < 0.05), while that of 2 cases of imatinib-resistant was 64.3% and 57.2%. There was significant difference of MFI between imatinib-resistant patients and imatinib-sensitive patients (99.42 +/- 4.87 vs 46.41 +/- 4.67, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONPY20 monoclonal antibody is highly specific for bcr-abl+ cells. It might be useful in rapid detection of bcr-abl+ cells and sensitivity to imatinib of CML patients.

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; analysis ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; analysis ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; metabolism ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; metabolism ; Phosphotyrosine ; analysis ; immunology