An assortment and analysis was made into the distribution of 100 cases of dispute over medical malpractice taken up by the Association the author works with across various levels of medical institutions and different disciplinary specialties as well as the results of arbitration. The leading causes of dispute on the part of physicians were misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis, and delayed treatment; inappropriateness in the selection of indications of operation, operational procedures and postoperative observation and handling; irrational use of drugs and adverse drug reactions; poor performance of the duty to provide necessary information; and improper medical records. The preventive measures put forward for guarding against medical malpractice included: ①taking strict precautions against misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis; ②ensuring the quality of operations; ③putting under strict control the indications and ways of drug use; ④properly performing the duty to provide necessary information and respecting patients right of informed consent; ⑤reinforcing management of medical institutions at the grassroots and perfecting various rules and regulations.

Objective To explore the humanoid figure specialist nursing rounds in the heart of rotation of the role of nurse training. Methods The nurses receiving rotary nurse training from April to October 2013 were set as a control group , in which traditional nursing ward rounds were used. Those during November 2013 to May 2014, were set as experiment group, in which the human figure nursing ward rounds were used. The two groups were compared in terms of satisfaction of inpatients and effects of the nursing ward rounds. Result The level of inpatient′s satisfaction in the experiment group was significantly higher than that of the control group and the effect of nursing ward rounds was significantly better than that of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion The nurse′s rotation training on humanoid figure specialist nursing rounds in the cardiology department can improve the inpatients'satisfaction and the effect of nursing ward rounds.

[Objective]To explore the mechanism of bioactive tanshinones in Salviae Miltiorrhiae regulating angiogenesis and lay the foundation for the prevention and treatment of cancer, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease and other angiogenesis-related diseases. [Method]Based on angiogenesis mechanisms, infer to recent 10 years of articles from home and abroad, analyze and summarize the angiogenesis regulatory mechanisms of various bioactive ingredients in Danshen on endothelial cells, in vitro tumour cells and in vivo xenograft tumor. [Result] Among various bioactive ingredients of Salvia, Salvianolic acid B, Tanshinone IIA, Cryptotanshinone, Dihydrotanshinone I can promote or inhibit angiogenesis. Furthermore, Salvianolic acid B and Tanshinone IIA are considered to be the most important bioactive ingredients in Danshen and exhibit a dual angiogenic regulating activity through regulating various approaches, such as pro-angiogenic factors, MMPs, HIF-1α, the PI3K/AKT/eNOS signal pathway and so on. [Conclusion]Various bioactive ingredients of Salvia can serve as a regulator of angiogenesis, and it may provide new ideas for the prevention of angiogenesis-related diseases.

Objective　To study the causes of failure to IOL implantation during cataract surgery.Methods　We reviewed 540 eyes in which 23 eyes were failed to implant IOL during cataract surgery.Results　Detachment of suspended zonular ligament, rupture of posterior capsule and vitreous prolapse are the main factors influencing IOL implantation during cataract surgery.Conclusion　Improvement of surgical technique and reduction of complications are the key points for the IOL implantation successfully during cataract surgery.

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution characteristics of persisters isolated from the chronic infected pa-tients,so as to provide scientific basis for effective clinical measures to prevent,control and treat persister-associated chronic infection.Methods Clinical microbial samples cultured from Jan.2013 to Dec.2014 were analysed by WHONET5.6.Four bacteria species with the highest isolation rate were performed for screening of chronic infection.Concentration of bacteria were detected by viable plate count method and then the growth curve were drew of each sample under the presence of anti-biotics.Persisters were comfirmed according to the specific growth curve under the presence of antibiotics.Results Four highest isolated bacteria species of the clinical samples were Escherichia coli (1 3.2%),Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.6%), Pseudomonasaeruginosa (8%)and Staphylococcusaureus (6.6%).862 chronic infection samples were generated out of 14 216 microbial samples and 41 persisters (4 strains of Escherichia coli,23 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae,8 strains of Pseudomonasaeruginosa and 6 strains of Staphylococcusaureus)were isolated finally.Conclusion With such a comprehen-sively retrospective analysis of the hospital clinical microbial samples,can tell that the ratio of persisters in chronic infection was not high.And chronic infections are mostly caused by gene-mutated drug-resistant bacteria.However,the isolation rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae was relatively high,of which more attention should be payed to the prevention and control.

Objective: This experiment was designed to study the change of nitric oxide (NO) content in different parts of brain in rats suffering from iodine deficiency(ID) and hypothyroidism since their fetal period. Methods: Iodine deficiency animal model was made and NO content in hippocampus(HPC), cerebellum (CE) and cortex(CO) were measured by using NO test kit. Results: Urinary iodine and serum T 3?T 4 concentrations significantly decreased and learning-memory capacity was impaired in ID rats. NO content was significantly lower in HPC and CE in ID rats than in control rats.(HPC:11.61?2.31/2.3?1 18 ?mol/g Prot;CE:10.77?5.16/4.70?1.95 ?mol/g Prot).No difference was found in cortex. Conclusion: Iodine deficiency and hypothyroidism since fetal period could affect NO level in rat brain. Different parts of brain have different sensitivity to ID and hypothyroidism.The changes of NO content in hippocampus may contribute to the learning-memory impairment in ID rats.

We systematically analyse and summarize on the literature(1996-2016) by reading and analysing them.Active ingredients and pharmacological activity of traditional Chinese medicine pigment composition(Saffower Yellower Injection) is introduced and its response characteristics, factors and potential causes of ADR are revealed, which provides the reference for safe, rational clinical management of drugs.Also it reminds that clinicians should master the characteristics of adverse reactions of traditional Chinese medicine pigment and grasp the ADR potential causes and control measures, in order to reach the goal of rational drug use.

Objective To analyze the risk factors for the external hydrocephalus (EH) after traumatic brain injury in the infants. Methods The clinical data of 178 cases of infants and young children with traumatic brain injury from March 2004 to April 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the clinical risk factors for EH after traumatic brain injury. Results By univariate regression analysis, age, GCS score after trauma, coma duration, brain contusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage and epilepsy were risk factors for external hydrocephalus in the infants and young children (Ps < 0.05). Gender,traumatic wet lung and usage of mannitol were less relevant to EH (Ps >0. 05). The incidence of EH after traumatic brain injury in the infants and young children was 14% (25/178 ). Age ( OR = 0.5743 ) , coma duration after trauma (OR =3.0628) ,subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR =3.7093),brain contusion(OR = 4.7892) and post-trauma epilepsy (OR =2. 9976) were risk factors for EH (Ps < 0. 05). Conclusion Younger than 2 years old, low GCS score, long coma duration, brain contusion, subarachnoid hemorrhage and epilepsy would increase the risk of EH after traumatic brain injury in the infants and young children. This study provides information for the prevention of EH after traumatic brain injury in the infants and young children.

Objective To analyze the correlation between the position and the removal extent of the tumor and the postoperative sodium metabolic disturbance in patients with craniopharyngiomas. Methods Retrospective analysis of the postoperative sodium metabolic disturbance in craniopharyngioma patients admitted from Feb.2006 to Oct. 2010 was performed. Results In the 30 casese,10 cases occurred hypernatremia,9 with hyponatremia and, 2 with fluctuating hyponatremia and hypematremia. One cases died in the population. No sodium metabolic disturbance occurred in patients with craniopharyngiomas located in the interasellar region, whereas 8 occurred in the inter and suprasellar region(61.5% ,8/13) , and 3 occurred post and beside assellar region(60.0% ,3/5) , 10 occurred in the third and lateral cerebral ventricle (100.0%, 10/10). Sodium metabolic disturbance occurred in 15 cases(62. 5% ) among 24 cases underwent total resection,in all 4 cases underwent sub-total resection (100.0% ) ,and all 2 cases underwent paritical resection ( 100. 0% ). The degree of resection was not correlated with Sodium metabolic disturbance(x2 = 3.21 ,P>0.05). Conclusion Sodium metabolic disturbance after craniopharyngioma surgery may be correlated with the position of tumor, but not correlated with the removal extent.

Objective:To explore therapeutic effect of noninvasive bilevel positive airway pressure ventilation (Bi- PAP)on aged patients with acute left heart failure (ALHF)and evaluation value of NT-proBNP for therapeutic effect in these patients.Methods:A total of 80 aged ALHF patients treated in our hospital were selected.According to random number table,they were equally divided into routine treatment group and BiPAP group (received BiPAP therapy based on routine treatment group ).NT-proBNP level,heart rate (HR),systolic blood pressure (SBP),di- astolic blood pressure (DBP),respiratory rate (RR)and arterial blood gas were compared between two groups be- fore and after treatment.Linear correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation among plasma NT-proBNP level and above indexes.Results:There were no significant difference in all indexes between two groups before treatment (P>0.05 all).Compared with before treatment,on 4h after treatment,there were significant reductions in levels of HR,SBP,DBP,RR and NT-proBNP,and significant rise in partial pressure of oxygen in artery (PaO2 ) in both groups (P<0.05 or<0.01),and compared with routine treatment group,there was significant rise in PaO2 [(75.13±19.93)mmHg vs.(85.88±18.47)mmHg],and significant reduction in NT-proBNP level [(3786.71± 1270.38)pg/ml vs.(2658.65±1222.08)pg/ml]in BiPAP group (P<0.05 both).Linear correlation analysis indi- cated that NT-proBNP level was significant positively correlated with HR (r=0.383),SBP (r=0.360),RR (r=0.345)and PaCO2 (r=0.413),and significant inversely correlated with PaO2 (r=-0.471),P<0.05 or<0.01. Conclusion:BiPAP ventilation therapy can improve clinical therapeutic effect in aged ALHF patients,and NT-proB- NP is help to evaluating its therapeutic effects.