Alemtuzumab ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; therapeutic use ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; Antibodies, Neoplasm ; therapeutic use ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD7 ; metabolism ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; CD5 Antigens ; metabolism ; CD52 Antigen ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Deletion ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Glycoproteins ; metabolism ; Hodgkin Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Receptors, CXCR3 ; metabolism ; Survival Rate ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

The ability to induce hypersensity on leaves of tomato and the stability of double-plasmid of an harpin-producing, nitrogen-fixing engineered strain E4 were tested. Hypelsensitivity-inducing experiment indicated that the time and density of hypersensitivity-induction of E4 was similar to those of DH5, the positive control of pCPP430. Although E4 took the same time to induce hypersensitivity as 308R, another positive control of pCPP430, it induced weaker hypersen- sitivity on tobacco leaves. On tomato leaves, there was no difference in time and density of hypersensitivity between E4 and 308R (pCPP430). Results revealed that the two plasmids, pCPP430 and pMC73A, were unstable in host bacteria, with the losing rate of 100% at the 48th generation. The emergence probability of bacteria with either pCPP430 or pMC73A was almost the same.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to observe the effect of early goal directed therapy (EGDT) on tissue perfusion, microcirculation and tissue oxygenation in patients with septic shock. METHODS: Patients with early septic shock (<24 hours) who had been admitted to the ICU of Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from September 2009 through May 2011 were enrolled (research time: 12 months), and they didn't meet the criteria of EGDT. Patients who had one of the following were excluded: stroke, brain injury, other types of shock, severe heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, age below 18 years, pregnancy, end-stage disease, cardiac arrest, extensive burns, oral bleeding, difficulty in opening the mouth, and the onset of septic shock beyond 24 hours. Patients treated with the standard protocol of EGDT were included. Transcutaneous pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide (PtcO2, PtcCO2) were monitored and hemodynamic measurements were obtained. Side-stream dark field (SDF) imaging device was applied to obtain sublingual microcirculation. Hemodynamics, tissue oxygen, and sublingual microcirculation were compared before and after EGDT. If the variable meets the normal distribution, Student's t test was applied. Otherwise, Wilcoxon's rank-sum test was used. Correlation between variables was analyzed with Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient method. RESULTS: Twenty patients were involved, but one patient wasn't analyzed because he didn't meet the EGDT criteria. PtcO2 and PtcCO2 were monitored in 19 patients, of whom sublingual microcirculation was obtained. After EGDT, PtcO2 increased from 62.7±24.0 mmHg to 78.0±30.9 mmHg (P<0.05) and tissue oxygenation index (PtcO2/FiO2) was 110.7±60.4 mmHg before EGDT and 141.6±78.2 mmHg after EGDT (P<0.05). The difference between PtcCO2 and PCO2 decreased significantly after EGDT (P<0.05). The density of perfused small vessels (PPV) and microcirculatory flow index of small vessels (MFI) tended to increase, but there were no significant differences between them (P>0.05). PtcO2, PtcO2/FiO2, and PtcCO2 were not linearly related to central venous saturation, lactate, oxygen delivery, and oxygen consumption (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Peripheral perfusion was improved after EGDT in patients with septic shock, and it was not exactly reflected by the index of systemic perfusion.

OBJECTIVEParkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder, has been reported to be associated with brain neuroinflammation in its pathogenesis. Herein, changes in peripheral immune system were determined to better understand PD pathogenesis and provide possible target for treatment of PD through improvement of immune disorder.

METHODS1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) was intraperitoneally injected into mice to prepare PD model. Expression levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets in spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes and concentrations of the cytokines in serum were examined on day 7 after MPTP injection. Percentages of CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets were measured by flow cytometry.

RESULTSMPTP induced PD-like changes such as motor and behavioral deficits and nigrostriatal impairment. Expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines including interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-17 and IL-22, in spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes were upregulated and their concentrations in serum were elevated in PD progression. But, the concentrations of the anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-4, IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were not altered in the two lymphoid tissues or serum of PD mice. In addition, expression of T-box in T cells (T-bet), the specific transcription factor of helper T (Th) 1 cells, was downregulated, but expression of transcription factor forkhead box p3 (Foxp3), the transcription factor of regulatory T (Treg) cells, was upregulated. In support of the results, the numbers of IFN-γ-producing CD4+ cells (Th1 cells) were reduced but CD4+CD25+ cells (Treg cells) were elevated in both the lymphoid tissues of PD mice.

CONCLUSIONPD has a dysfunction of peripheral immune system. It manifests enhancement of proinflammatory response and CD4+ T cell differentiation bias towards Treg cells away from Th1 cells.

1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cytokines ; blood ; Disease Models, Animal ; Flow Cytometry ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Interleukin-17 ; blood ; Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Interleukins ; blood ; Lymph Nodes ; cytology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Mice ; Parkinson Disease ; immunology ; physiopathology ; Spleen ; cytology ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; Th1 Cells ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; blood

OBJECTIVEWe used an animal model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) to study changes and roles of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expressed by CD4+ T cell subsets, and then explore the relationship between CD4+ T cell subset-derived catecholamines and inflammatory responses in CIA.

METHODSThirty-six male DBA/1 mice were randomly divided into control group, CIA model group (day 35) and CIA model group (day 55) (n = 12). CIA model was induced by type II collagen (CII) in DBA/1 mice. On the 35th and 55th day following primary immunization, the joints of the mice were observed for clinical score of swelling and the level of anti-CII IgG antibody in serum was examined. Expression of specific transcription factors and cytokines of Th1, Th17, Th2 and Treg cells and TH in mesenteric lymph nodes was measured by means of Western blot. The changes of TH expressed by CD4+ T cell subsets in mesenteric lymph nodes were determined by flow cytometry.

RESULTSClinical score and anti-CII antibody level increased in CIA compared with that in intact mice. Specific transcription factors and cytokines expressed by Th1 and Th17 cells were upregulated and cytokines expressed by Th2 and Treg cells were downregulated in mesenteric lymph nodes in CIA mice. Expression of TH was upregulated and the increased expression of TH in CD4+ T cells was attributed to Th1 and Th17 cells in mesenteric lymph nodes of CIA.

CONCLUSIONThe increase in catecholamines from CD4+ T cell subsets in mesenteric lymph nodes of CIA may be related to inflammatory alleviation in CIA progression.

Animals ; Arthritis, Experimental ; immunology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; enzymology ; Collagen Type II ; adverse effects ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lymph Nodes ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; immunology ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase ; metabolism

Objective To analyze the safety and diagnostic value of ultrasound-guided biopsy with simple biopsy clip in children.Methods Under simple biopsy clip 52 cases were performed percutaneous renal biopsy.Then the curative rate and the incidence rate of complications were evaluated.Results Of 52 cases,49 cases(94.23%) gained enough renal tissue specimen for histological evaluation;Three failed cases occurred at early stage,nothing was found at later stage.The main complication was macroscopic hematuria occurred only once or twice after the operation and perirenal hematoma in 1.92% of the cases.No other severe complications were found.Conclusions The biopsy clip is convenient and sterile,and can guide the biopsy device exactly and safely.The use of 18-gauge biopsy gun and the automated biopsy device in children can decrease the complication rate,which can be easily performed.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic significance of endoscopic findings in Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP),especially when abdominal pain preceded the cutaneous lesions.Methods The clinical data and gastroscopic findings in 37 cases of children with HSP were studied and analysed retrospectively in order to detect the pathological changes in the stomach and duodenum mucosa.The biopsy was taken in the pathological changeing place,and the relationship between clinical and endoscopic findings was analyzed.Results Detection rate of the pathological changes in the stomach and duodenum mucosa was 62.2%,31.3% of which experienced only cutaneous lesions,100% of which presented the acute abdominal pain.Three patients were not checked up the pathological changes.Of them,1 had arthritis,2 had Henoch-Schonlein nephritis.Characteristically endoscopic findings in the stomach and duodenum mucosa were found.The endoscopic findings included anabrosis,hyperemia,edema and hemorrhage.Conclusions Detection rate of the pathological changes in the stomach and duodenum mucosa is higher.Endoscopy is very helpful to the early diagnosis of HSP in children,especially abdominal pain presented firstly.

BackgroundAnterior proliferative vitreoretinopathy (aPVR)is a tissue injury and repair progress,and treatment of aPVR is very important in clinic.Chitosan drug delivery system is becoming a hot spot for its large lading dose and long acting duration.ObjectiveThe present study was to investigate the curative effect of a triamcinolone acetonide (TA) drug delivery system after implantation into the suprachoroidal space to treat traumatic aPVR.MethodsaPVR models were created in the left eyes of 65 healthy pigment rabbits by performinga 5 mm penetrating incision 2.5 mm posterior to limbum at 10:30-11:30.The animals were randomly divided into 4groups.Blank chitosan was implanted into the suprachoroidal space as the blank control group.Chitosan with 1 mg TA was implanted in the TA + chitosa group.The TA solution ( containing 1 mg TA) was intravitreally injected in the TA injection group.Fifteen models were used as the traumatic control group.Another 15 left eyes of normal pigment rabbits were used as the normal control group.The thickness of the ciliary tissue was measured using a ultrasound biomicroscope(UBM) 3,5 and 8 weeks after operation.The animals were sacrificed by excessive anesthesia and eyeballswereobtainedforhistopathologicalandultrastructuralexaminations.ResultsHistopathological examination showed the edema of the ciliary tissue and inflammatory cells infiltration in the blank control group,TA injection group and model control group,but mild response was seen in the TA + chitosa group.Severe damage in the ciliary tissue and subcellular organelle was found in the blank and model control groups,but mild damage was detected in the TA + chitosa group under the transmission electron microscope.UBM examination revealed that obvious abnormalities were visible in the ciliary and iris tissue in the blank control group,TA injection group and traumatic control group,but a mild abnormality was seen in the TA + chitosa group.Significant differences in ciliary thickness were exhibited among the 5 groups 2,5 and 8 weeks after operation (F =212.938,515.323,447.919,P＜0.01 ).Compared with the normal control group,ciliary thickness significantly increased in the blank control group and normal control group at various time points (all P＜0.05 ),but that in the TA + chitosa group was significantly lower than the normal control group at various time points ( two weeks:0.484±0.075 vs.0.327 ±0.094 ; five weeks:0.422 ±0.089vs.0.327±0.094 ;eight weeks:0.418±0.085 vs.0.327±0.094) (all P＞0.05). ConclusionsThe chitosan drug delivery system with TA suppresses the excessive proliferation of injured ocular tissue after implantation into the suprachoroidal space,which prevents the formation and development of aPVR.

Objective To investigate the characteristic of ?-amyloid precursor protein (A?) processing in activated platelet in AD.Methods Thirty-six sporadic AD patients and 30 control subjects were included in this study.Blood was collected from the subjects to separate platelets.After treated by thrombin,the soluble amyloid precursor protein (APP) level in the snpernatants of platelets from 36 were analyzed by means of western blot with a specific antibody recognizing soluble APP.Meanwhile A? level was measured by radioimmunoassay.Results After treated with thrombin,the level of soluble APP in the supernatants of platelets in patients with AD decreased by 31.0% (P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological features of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis.

METHODLiver biopsies from 30 cases of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis were observed under optical microscope and electronic microscope.

RESULTThe main clinical manifestations were jaundice, splenohepatomegaly and hypohepatia. Laboratory test showed dysfunction of liver, high level of CMV DNA, and high titer of anti-CMV antibody. Imaging examination demonstrated hepatomegaly. The histological changes were hepatocellular degeneration, necrosis, apoptosis, and fibrosis. The histological characteristics of cytomegalovirus hepatitis, including intranuclear inclusions in multinucleated giant cells and pseudo-lumens, were also observed under optical microscope. In addition, virion was observed in the nuclei and cytoplasm of hepatocytes under electronic microscope.

CONCLUSIONThe viral DNA and serological tests have limited utility for the diagnosis of infantile cytomegalovirus hepatitis, and the final diagnosis depends on histopathology.

Biopsy, Needle ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; pathology ; Female ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; pathology ; Hepatocytes ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies, Viral ; pathology ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Mitochondria, Liver ; pathology ; ultrastructure