With the development of implant,more reliable way of the treatment of posterior teeth loss can be acheived.Dental implants present different biological and biomechanical characteristics from natural teeth and natural teeth with crown.It is important to realize these differences and occlusal adjustment accurately for the improvement of the treatment and prolongation of implant service life.This paper re-views the critical point with a clinical case.

Aged ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Menopause ; drug effects ; Middle Aged

In 2010, Chinese Pharmacopoeia Committee officially enacted Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition). The Volume 1 of the pharmacopoeia is comprised of the medicinal materials and the decoction pieces, the essential oils and extracts of medicinal plants, prescription preparations and single preparation, etc., which not only provides Latin names of Chinese medicinal materials, also provided Latin names of the original medicinal plants to effectively control the quality of Chinese medicinal materials. In order to raise awareness of correctly citation and maintain the authority and standardization of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, this paper briefly describes abbreviations rules of authors' name of plant scientific name according to the 'International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, ICBN'. Through comparing with the rules of ICBN, 'Flora of China' (Chinese edition and English edition), and authority international plant catalogue databases, the authors made statistic and analysis of the non-standard cited authors' names phenomena of the original plant scientific names recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition), and the revision suggestions are proposed.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Authorship ; China ; Databases, Factual ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; classification ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Pharmacopoeias as Topic ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; Reference Standards ; Terminology as Topic

AIM: To observe the efficacy of high concentrations of sodium hyaluronate ( 3g/L SH ) for moderate to severe dry eye.
METHODS: Forty moderate to severe dry eye patients were included in the study according to the diagnosis criteria and randomized into two groups. The patients of the trial group received topical administration of high concentration sodium hyaluronate (3g/L), and those of the control group received sodium hyaluronate ( 1g/L ) plus recombinant human epidermal growth factor. The dry eye symptom scores, ocular surface disease index ( OSDI) scores, tear film break-up time ( BUT) , SchirmerⅠ test and corneal fluorescein staining score were evaluated. All the indexes were compared between the two groups 2wk before and after treatment.
RESULTS: There were no significant differences of the indicators between the two groups before treatment. After 2wk treatment, the differences were statistically significant compared to former except for the SchirmerⅠtest. Compared with the control group, the symptom scores and the OSDI scores were lowered. No significant differences were found in the other indicators between these two groups.
CONCLUSION: Topical usage of highconcentrations of sodium hyaluronate (3g/L) is beneficial for remitting the ocular symptoms in moderate to severe dry eyes, and also improve the quality of life of patients.

Chronic pain is a common clinical disease,which brings great burden to the patients.However,the pathogenesis underlying of chronic pain is complicated,which is affected by many factors,such as physiology,psychology and society.Therefore,the treatment of chronic pain has been a problem in clinical practice.Considering its complexity,a single way of treatment usually could not reach satisfactory results,so combination therapy is often used to treat chronic pain at present.The combination therapy includes pharmacological treatment,psychological approaches,interventional treatment,self management and so on.The treatment plans are distinct for different types of chronic pain,even the individual patients with the same kind of pain.The emergence of interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs shed light upon the treatment of chronic pain recent years.This paper reviewed the research on chronic pain treatment,in order to provide theoretical basis for clinical practice.

To investigate the effect of losartan on the axis of prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP)--kallikrein of the two-kidney, one-clipped (2K1C) hypertensives rats, and explore the novel protection mechanism of losartan on the kidney. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to develop the 2K1C hypertensive rats. Then, the rats were treated with prazosin (5 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) or losartan (5, 15 and 45 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) or vehicle, separately. At the same time, the blood pressures were observed. After treated for four weeks, the ratio of right kidney weight and body weight, the change of glomerular morphology, and K+, Na+, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of the serum were used for evaluation of kidney. The expressions of PRCP mRNA in the kidneys were determined by RT-PCR. The protein levels of PRCP, tissue kallikrein, plasma kallikrein, TGF-beta1 in kidney or plasma were measured by Western blotting. Results showed that the changes of body weight and kidney weight ratio, glomerular fibrosis degree and the biochemistrical index of serum induced by hypertension were relieved when the hypertensive rats treated with losartan for four weeks. Meanwhile, treatment of losartan also significantly decreased expression of TGF-beta1 and increased expressions of PRCP, plasma kallikrein and tissue kallikrein. The protective effects of losartan on the kidney of 2K1C hypertensive rats are activation of the axis of PRCP-kallikrein and reducing the expression of TGF-beta1.

Adolescent ; Antidotes ; therapeutic use ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; poisoning ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Poisoning ; mortality ; therapy ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome ; Unithiol ; therapeutic use

Antitubercular Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Fever ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pediatrics ; Tuberculosis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; physiopathology ; X-Ray Film

Objective To observe the changes of lung function before and after radiotherapy with the lung perfusion of single-photon emission computed tomography and compare the difference between radiotherapy plans conducted by functional imagines and anatomical imagines in radiotherapy of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.Methods A total of 36 patients (26 males and 10 females,aged 36-80 years) with lung cancer diagnosed as stage Ⅰ to stage Ⅲ non-small cell lung cancer confirmed by histological proof were selected.The lung perfusion image was delivered to radiotherapy planning system and the two plan (plan1 and plan 2) were made by lung perfusion image fusion.Plan 1 was only based on the anatomical informations and no lung perfusion images of SPECT considering.Plan 2 was optimized based on the lung perfusion image to reduce the irradiation dose of the normal tissues.The differences of protecting lung function between plan 1 and plan 2 were compared.Results 36 patients were stratified for clinical stage.FV10,fV20,fV30,MLD and PTV90/fV20 were decreased significantly after optimized with IMRT (all P =0.000).FV20,fMLD were decreased by (4.89±2.0) ％,(1.74 ±0.9)％.The IMRT plan based on the lung perfusion fusion images of SPECT could reduce the irradiation dose of normal lung tissues and the incidence of radiation pneumonitis.Conclusions Radionuclide pulmonary perfusion imaging can assess effectively the effect of tumor to regional pulmonary artery perfusion function before radiotherapy and reduce the irradiation dose of normal lung tissue in lung cancer patients undergoing IMRT.