Objective To investigate the quality control and standardization of HE and immunohistochemical stainings in tissues slice.Methods In accordance with the standardization of quality control,HE and immunohistochemial stainings in tissues slice were performed,and the results were blindly compared before and after the standardization.Results The excellent rates of HE and immunohistochemical stainings in tissues slice after standardization were 92.3％ and 91.1％ respectively,and higher than those before standardization 78.9％ and 74.9％(x2 =3.841,3.801,all P ＜ 0.05); Diagnosis rate of 100 cases with liver biopsy tissue after standardization 86.0％ was significantly higher than 73.0％ before standardization(x2 =3.741,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The quality of HE and immunohistochemical stainings in tissues slice enhanced after standardization.

During the resistance to SARS, medical staff's medical ethics accumulation reflects generously. The test of SARS has promoted the medical staff's social responsibility consciousness, strengthened the coordination between each other and sublimed the morals in the whole society. Therefore, the sufficient realization of the accumulation of medical ethics depends on the enhancement of hygiene industry input;the display of the accumulation of medical ethics depends on the positive propaganda and encouragement to medical staff; the expansion of the medical ethics epitaxy depends on the fully excavation and utilization of the accumulation of medical ethics.

The Ebola virus haemorrhagic fever outbreak began in Guinea and other West Africa countries in Feb.2014.Its high mortality cause worldwide attention.What is Ebola virus? What is its epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations? As pediatric medical workers,what should we do? The hot issues at present will be discussed in this article.

Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Receptors, CXCR ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology

Objective To probe into the present deployment of human resources at TCM hospitals,for the purpose of enabling the TCM hospital administrators in their policy making and nmagement of human resources.Methods 39 hospitals in the province were subject to a descriptive stndy. Results Nursing human resources in TCM hospitals in the province were found to be in shortage in general;other characteristics include irrational structure of their academic titles,insufficient nurses with senior academic titles,yet an improving proportion of competent nurses;lack of a unified model for TCM nursing in-service education confines the growth of TCM nursing personnel and TCM nursing academic development.Cbnclusion Health authorities and hospitals should deploy nurses per nursing workload,scientifically manage the contractual nurses,optimize the makeup of nursing personnel,launch fundamental training in TCM nursing,for the purposes of higher HR efficiency and better inheritance and development of TCM nursing studies.

The roles of the probiotics improving the intestine flora disturbance, protecting the intestine defense and barrier functions, and modulating the microbial balance are taking more attention in present years with important theoretical significance and clinical application value. We review the effect of probiotics on the intestinal microecology and its possible mechanisms.

As an immune organ,the intestine plays the role of barrier to the bacterium and endotoxin.And the glutamine is necessary to maintain the function of intestine mucosa endothelium.It has the theoretical significance and clinical value for the growth and repair of intestine mucosa endothelium,the improvement of immune function, and the reduction of oxidant injury.The effect of glutamine on the intestine barrier and its mechanism are reviewed.

Objective To express human inducible eostimulator (ICOS) extracellular region and IgG Fc fusion protein, and analyze their function in allogenie lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Methods Human ICOS extraeellular region and IgG Fc fragment were cloned into a soluble expression vector. ICOS-Ig fusion protein was expressed and purified in CHO cells. To monitor primary MLR, Balb/c spleen T cells were isolated as responder cells, and irradiated C57BL/6 spleen cells as stimulator cells. 50 μg/ml ICOS-Ig or IgG was added to primary MLR cultures. The cells responsive rates were detected by 3 H-TdR methods. ELISA tested supernatants for eytokines (IL-2,IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ). T cells of each group in primary MLR were cultured as responder cells for secondary MLR, and irradiated C57BL/6 (donor) or C3H (third party) spleen cells as stimulator cells. Similar indexes were detected in secondary MLR. Then vital dye CFSE was used to study alloreactive T cell proliferation in vivo. CFSE-labeled C57BL/6 spleen cells were transferred to irradiated Balb/c mice. Mice were then intraperitoneally injected with 0. 2 mg IgG, ICOS-Ig or CsA each day.At the 3rd day after transfection, the spleen cells of the mice were harvested to detect CD4+ CFSE+ and CD8+ CFSE+ by FACS. Results In primary MLR, ICOS-Ig inhibited allogenic T-cell proliferation with inhibition rate being (58 ± 8)% in 50 μg/ml, and increased IFN-γ secretion. In secondary MLR, ICOS-Ig specifically inhibited the proliferation of donor spleen cells with inhibition rate being (42±8)%, and in ICOS-Ig group the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were lower and the level of IFN-γ higher than in IgG group. However, ICOS-Ig didn't inhibit the proliferation of third-party spleen cells. In the CFSE dye assay, CFSE intensity of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in ICOS-Ig and CsA groups was stronger than that in control group (P < 0. 05), while CFSE intensity in combined treatment group were even stronger than that in ICOS-Ig and CsA groups (P<0. 05). Conclusion ICOS-Ig could inhibit allo-reactive T cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo, and induce donor-specific T cell hyporesponsiveness specifically.

Currently,the number of abdominal surgery has gradually increased,accompanied by the increasing of ventral hernia and parastomal hernia patients.The main reason is abdominal incision or abdominal stoma destroying the normal abdominal muscle fascia,as well as obesity,malnutrition,ascites,diabetes,infections leading to poor wound healing.The incidence of abdominal wall incisional hernia after abdominal surgery accounts for about 80％ of ventral hernia.These incisional hernias and some other ventral hernias may easily become large ventral hernia without the standard treatment.Surgery is the only effective treatment for large ventral hernia.However,such hernia repair for surgeons is a great challenge.In clinical practice,after removing the huge sac and completely resetting the contents of the hernia sac can lead to decreasing of intraperitoneal volume and increasing of intra-abdominal pressure,or even lead to occurrence of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS).The increasing of intra-abdominal pressure and occurrence of ACS has aroused the attention of clinicians after large ventral hernia operation.Some content reduction operation in the process of large ventral hernia surgery can effectively reduce postoperative intra-abdominal pressure,occurrence of intra-abdominal hypertension and ACS.More and more patients with large ventral hernia underwent the abdominal content reduction surgery combined with hernia repair.But there is still lack of evidencebased medical researches on large simples.Therefore,it still needs multi-center prospective clinical study on large samples to provide clinical treatment strategies for the volume reduction surgery and more base for further researches and clinical applications.

AIM: To observe the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on the subsequent permanent ischemic rat retina. METHODS: A model of two-vessel occlusion (2VO) was used to give an ischemic insult to rat retina. Bilateral carotid arteries were occluded directly in the simple ischemic groups. A procedure of double 2 min ischemia- 3 min reperfusion was applied to IPC groups before their carotid arteries were occluded. Experimental control groups received the same operation except that their exposed vessels were not occluded. Other 6 normal rats served as immunohistochemical controls. Eyeballs were taken out after being subjected to 1, 3 and 7 days of ischemia. The morphometry of retina was measured by stereologic methods. The apoptosis during the retinal ischemia was detected by TUNEL. Immunohistochemistry staining was used for the localization of bcl-2 in retina. RESULTS: In IPC groups, the thickness of retina was thinner than that in simple ischemic groups. The apoptosis was less when compared with the simple ischemic groups at the same ischemic time. The apoptotic cells show only in INL and the apoptosis of RGCs was not appeared until 7 days postischemia. There was no significant difference of the numerical density of RGCs at the different time after the operation. The bcl-2 immunoreactivity was weaker than that of the simple ischemic groups too. CONCLUSION: IPC reduced the injury caused by ischemia in retina, showing a protective effect.