Objective To explore the technique and clinical value of percutaneous lung puncture and injection of drug under CT-guided in the treatment of multi-drug resistant cavitary pulmonary tuberculosis(MDR-TB).Methods 84 patients of positive sputum smear with MDR-TB were undergone injecting drugs into the pulmonary cavities by percutaneous lung puncture under CT-guided.The treatments were carried out by self-made locating mark which could confirm the appropriate puncture point,puncture angle and the puncture line.Results The operations of puncture in all cases were successful,the complications included pneumothorax in 3 cases,pulmonary hemorrhage in 1 case and subcutaneous emphysema in 1 case.After treatment,the mean rate of sputum negative,improvement of pulmonary cavity and cavity closure was 91.7%,89.3% and 66.7% respectively.Conclusion The percutaneous pulmonary puncture and injection of drug under CT-guided was a simple,visualized,right localization and less complications method in the treatment of the MDR-TB.

Objective To study the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3),matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) and inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1(TIMP-1) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) and mechanism of plaque rupture of coronary atherosclerosis.Methods Sixty-seven patients with AMI were selected,average invasion time was 3 h～5 d.40 cases of non-coronary heart disease were included in control group.The expressions of serum MMP-3,MMP-9,TIMP-1 and the levels of serum cTnI,CK-MB were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The serum MMP-3,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels in AMI group were higher than those in control group,there was significant difference between two groups(P

Objectives:To investigate the level of soluble intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM 1) concentrations in the serum and peritoneal fluid from the patients with or without endometriosis.To discuss the relationship within sICAM 1 and pelvic endometriosis. Methods:35 serum and 30 peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis (test group) and 26 serum and 4 peritoneal fluid without endometriosis (control group) were studied.Soluble intracellular adhesion molecule 1 levels were detected by an enzyme linked immunoassay(ELISA).The results were analysed by T test. Results: The serum concentration of sICAM 1 was significantly higher in test group than controll group. However,There was no significant difference in between two groups. Conclusions: These results suggest that sICAM 1 could play some role in the persistence of endometriotic lesions.

Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs induced liver injury (ATDILI) and to discuss its impact on the treatment outcome of patients treated with first line anti-TB drugs.Methods Among the patients who received anti-TB treatment with directly-observed treatment strategy (DOTS),121 patients with ATDILI and 817 patients without ATDILI were included in this retrospective cohort study.Binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors of ATDILI in univariate and multivariate analysis.The x2 test was used to compare the treatment success rates and drug resistant rates.Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-rank test were used to compare the sputum smear/culture conversion rates and cavity closure rates.Results The incidence of ATDILI was 12.9％ (121/938) in this cohort.Multivariate Logistic regression showed that hepatitis B virus carrier with both hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive (OR=4.29,95％CI:2.15-8.58,P＜0.01),complicated with systemic lupus erythematosus (OR=3.34,95％CI:1.46-7.63,P=0.004),serum albumin ≤25 g/L (OR=3.14,95％CI:1.50-6.58,P=0.002) and alcoholism (OR=1.79,95％CI:1.14-2.82,P=0.012) were independent risk factors of ATDILI.The treatment failure rate in patients with ATDILI was significantly higher than that in patients without ATDILI (19.1％[24/121] vs8.0％[65/817],OR=2.86,95％CI:1.71-4.78,P＜0.01).The drug resistant rates of two groups were not significant different (4.1％[5/121] vs 1.7％[14/817],P＞0.05).The sputum smear/culture conversion rate (85.4％[41/48] vs 94.0％ [298/317],x2 =38.912,P＜0.01) and cavity closure rate (84.6％[22/26] vs 93.0％[198/213],x2 =20.709,P＜0.01) in patients with ATDILI were both significantly lower than those in patients without ATDILI.Conclusions The incidence of ATDILI is relatively high in hospitalized patients treated with first line anti-TB drugs.ATDILI has negative effects on treatment outcome of TB patient.Hepatitis B carrier with positive HBsAg and HBeAg,systemic lupus erythematosus,albumin ≤25 g/L and alcoholism may increase the risk of developing ATDILI.

Background and purpose:Selenium is one of the essential trace elements for human activities, and plays an incomparable role in maintaining human health. It was reported that selenium compound 1,4-bis[2-(benzylse-lanyl)ethoxy] (BSEA) anthracene has antiseptic and antiphlogistic effects. However, the mechanisms underlying anti-cancer effects of BSEA are rarely reported. BSEA-induced apoptosis in human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells and its mechanisms were studied.Methods:Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to determine inhibition ratio of Hep-2 cells 24 hours after Hep-2 cells were treated with different concentrations of BSEA. Fluorescence microscope was used to observe the morphology change of apoptosis in Hep-2 cells. The apoptosis was detected by Annexin Ⅴ-FITC. Mi-tochondrial membrane potential was assayed by JC-1. Microplate reader detected the activity of caspase-3 and caspase-8. The mRNA and protein levels of Bax and XIAP were measured by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) and Western blot.Results:The results showed that BSEA caused a dose-dependent inhibition of the growth of human laryngeal carcinoma cell line Hep-2in vitro, andIC50 was 35.74μmol/L. The apoptotic bodies were distinctly observed at a concentration of 80μmol/L of BSEA by AO fluorescence staining. This study found that the eversion of phosphatidyl serine intensified, and mitochondrial membrane potential also began to decline. The activity of caspase-3 appeared the tendency of dependence on dosage, while the activity of caspase-8 did not change significantly. The mRNA and protein expression level of Bax increased, whereas the mRNA and protein expression level of XIAP de-creased.Conclusion:Therefore, BSEA could obviously inhibit human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells proliferation and induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway.

Objective To study the effect of Src tyrosine kinase inhibition on subcutaneously transplanted tumor of human lung adenocarcinoma in mice and its mechanism. Methods For the subcutaneously transplanted tumor model, A549 cells or PC-9 cells were inoculated into SCID mice by subcutaneous injection. Immunohistochemistry was used to show the effect of Src tyrosine kinase inhibition on proliferation index (Ki-67 staining) and microvessel density (CD31 staining) of subcutaneously transplanted tumor of human lung adenocarcinoma in mice. Results Subcutaneously transplanted tumor of PC-9 cells was sensitive to src tyrosine kinase inhibitor. There was significant difference between treatment group and control group (P <0.01). There was significant difference between the two treatment group too (P <0.01). Stopping treatment for 1 week, the inhibition rate of tumor growth were 33.19 % and 84.79 % in 10 mg·kg-1·d-1 and 50 mg·kg-1·d-1 treatment group, respectively. The same treatment was less effective to subcutaneous tumors produced by A549 cells. Treatment with 50 mg·kg-1·d-1 Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor significantly reduced the proliferation index of subcutaneously transplanted tumor produced by PC-9 cells (P<0.01) and tended to reduce the proliferation index of subcutaneously transplanted tumor produced by A549 cells (P >0.05). Treatment with 50 mg·kg-1·d-1 Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor significantly reduced micro vascular density in both PC-9 and A549 induced subcutaneous tumors (P <0.05). Conclusion Inhibition of Src tyrosine kinase could suppress the progression of subcutaneously transplanted tumor, not only by the inhibition of cell proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells directly, but also by the inhibition of angiogenesis indirectly.

Objective To evaluate the desflurane-induced sympathetic activation with finger tip perfusion index (FTPl). Methods Forty-eight ASA ⅠorⅡ patients aged 25-60 yr undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=16 each): groupⅠsevoflurane; group Ⅱ desflurane and groupⅢ desthrane + propofol. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.03 mg/kg, propofol 2 mg/kg and fentanyl 2 μg/kg. Tracheal intubatian was facilitated with vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg. The patients were mechanically ventilated (VT 8-10 ml/kg, RR 12 bpm). PETCO2 was maintained at 35-40 mm Hg. In group ⅠandⅡanesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and desflurane respectively. The end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane and desflurane were rapidly increased to 0.5 MAC, 1.0 MAC and 1.5 MAC and maintained at each level for 5 rain. In group Ⅲanesthesia was maintained with TCI of propofol and destlurane. The target plasma prepofol concentration was set at 1 μg/ml and the end-tidal concentration was rapidly increased to 0.5 MAC and 1.0 MAC and maintained at each level for 5 mitt. MAP, HR, FTPI and BIS were continuously monitored and recorded at 5 rain after midazolam (T0), 3 rain after induction of anesthesia (T1), immediately after tracheal intubation (T2), as soon as the end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane and desflurane reached 0.5 MAC(T3), 1.0 MAC(T5) and 1.5 MAC(T7) and after being maintained at 0.5 MAC (T4), 1.0 MAC (T6) and 1.5 MAC (T8) for5 rain. The plasma renin activity and the levels of angintonin Ⅱwere determined at T0, T1, T2, T5 and T7 by using radioimmuno-ssay. Results FTPI was significantly lower at T5 than at T4 in group Ⅱ HR and MAP were significantly lower at T4-6 and T8 and FTPI were significantly lower at T3～6 and T0 than at T7 in group Ⅱ. HR and MAP were significantlyhigher while FTPI was lower at T7 in groupⅡthan in group Ⅰ The changes in MAP and FTPI between T4 and T5 were significantly less in group Ⅲthan in group Ⅱ. The time when the highest value of FTPI was maintain was significantly shorter than the time when the highest values of HR and MAP were maintained at T5 and T7 in group ⅡΔFTPI was negatively correlated with ΔHR and ΔMAP (r=-0.593, P<0.05;r=-0.591, P<0.05). Conclusion FTPI can reflect the desflurane-induced sympathetic activation promptly and sensitively.

Objective To evaluate cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase(CSF-ADA)activity in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis(TMB), and to observe its dynamic changes. Methods A total of 160 patients were included and were divided into two groups: 76 cases of TBM and 84 cases of non-TBM.Among the cases of non-TBM, there were 36 cases of bacterial meningitis, 30 cases of viral meningitis and 18 cases of cryptocoocal meningitis. All the patients were measured with their CSF-ADA activity by Enzymecoupled assay(Trinder method)and 47 patients of TBM were measured again after 2 weeks' and 6 weeks'antitubercular therapy. Results were expressed as(-x)± s. Mann-Whitney U test and paired-samples t test were used. Results CSF-ADA activity in TBM group was(12.9 ±6.4)U/L, while that in the non-TBM group was(6.0 ± 4.1)U/L, the difference was of statistical significance(U = 7.860, P ＜ 0.05). With the cutoff value of 9 U/L, the sensitivity and specificity to differentiate TBM from non-TBM was 84.21% and 83. 33%, respectively. CSF-ADA activity decreased in TBM patients after antitubercular treatment.Conclusions CSF-ADA activity can be an effective laboratory marker for early differential diagnosis of TMB with the cut-off value of 9 U/L. Dynamic changes of CSF-ADA activity may be a indicator for the effect of antitubercular treatment.

Female ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Periodontitis ; complications ; physiopathology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; physiopathology ; Pregnancy Outcome

The number of papers published in American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Education from 2003 to 2013 was calculated .The knowledge maps of research hot spots and co-operation maps of research institutions in the two journals were plotted .The different research-oriented key points and the cooperative relationship between different research institutions in the two journals and the problems existed in domestic journals of pharmaceutical education were analyzed with certain suggestions put forward for the solution of the problems existed in domestic journals of pharmaceutical education .