Objective To explore the influence of different training mode on the parenting stress in mothers of children with autism. Methods According to the wishes of parents, 46 children with autism by first diagnosed and their mothers were divided into combination training group (23 cases) and control group (23 cases). The children in combination training group received a family rehabilitation training besides the structured institution-based teaching programme, and the children in control group only received the structured institution-based teaching programme. Comparisons were made between the two groups by the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form score after 1 year teaching. Results Before teaching, the domain score of parental distress, parent-child dysfunctional interaction, difficult child and total score of parenting stress were (37.7 ± 5.6), (35.4 ± 4.1), (38.3 ± 5.4), (111.3 ± 10.5) points in control group, while those were (37.9 ± 5.8), (34.7 ± 4.3), (38.8 ± 4.9), (112.1 ± 9.3) points in combination training group. There was no significant difference between two groups(t=0.155-0.531, all P>0.05). After 1 year teaching, the domain score of parental distress, parent-child dysfunctional interaction, difficult child and total score of parenting stress were (34.0±3.4), (30.7±2.8), (34.3±2.2), (99.0±4.7) points in control group, while those were (34.3±3.7), (28.7±3.1), (31.1±2.4), (94.1±6.8) points in combination training group. The combination training group reported a lower level than control group in the domains score of parent-child dysfunctional interaction, difficult child and total score of parenting stress (t=-2.340,-4.595,-2.890, all P<0.05), while the domain score of parental distress had no significant difference (t= 0.236, P>0.05). Both two groups after 1 year teaching, mothers of children with autism experienced a lower level in all the domains and the total score of parenting stress than before teaching(combination training group: t=3.562-7.925, control group:t=2.534-4.768, all P<0.05). Conclusions Family rehabilitation training combined with institutions could reduce the parenting stress of mothers with autistic children and be worthy of clinical promotion and application.

Objective To observe the efficacy of combinated inhaled glucocorticosteroid and long- ?2 - agonist for asthmatic children. Methods Forty- seven children with moderate or severe persistent asthma were treated with inhalation of the fluticasone pro-pionate and salmeterol. The PEF value and the mark according the symptom of asthma before and after treatment( week and month respectively) were recorded. At the same time the days of treatment the patient with the short - ?2 - agonist in the first week and the forth week respectively were noted. The subjective feeling and accident of patients also should be paid attention. Results There was significant difference (P

Objective:To explore the clinical regularities in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of cancer pain by reviewing the relevant studies published between 1985 and 2017.Methods:Based on the Chinese Medicine Acupuncture-moxibustion Information Database,quantitative analysis,correlation analysis and Chi-square test were applied to analyze the commonly used acupoints,meridian affiliations and body region distributions,commonly used methods and acupoint correlations,treatment method correlations,the efficacy of acupuncture-moxibustion plus the three-step analgesic ladder for cancer pain,and indicators.Results:Zusanli (ST 36),Ashi point and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) ranked the top on the list of frequency;points from Bladder Meridian of Foot Taiyang and Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming were often used;points from the lower limbs and back had high frequencies.The most commonly used treatment method was acupuncture-moxibustion plus medication.Acupuncture-moxibustion plus the three-step analgesic ladder showed certain advantage compared with the two methods used separately,and among the integrated methods,acupoint application plus the three-step analgesic ladder produced the most significant efficacy.It took (44.77±55.54) min for the analgesic effect to act and the effect lasted for (12.81±14.59) h.Numerical rating scale (NRS),visual analog scale (VAS) and Karnofsky performance status (KPS) scores all showed significant changes after interventions (all P＜0.01);there was no significant change in the score of quality of life (QOL) after interventions (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Zusanli (ST 36),Ashi point and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) are commonly selected in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of cancer pain;acupuncture and acupoint application are often used;acupuncture-moxibustion plus the three-step analgesic ladder can boost the treatment efficacy.

The molecular descriptors of impurities with known structure in cefdinir were calculated, selected and associated with the chromatographic retention behavior to establish a model. This quantitative structure retention relationships (QSRR) model for the related substances of cefdinir was established under specific chromatographic condition and verified by other impurities. 12 molecular descriptors were used to establish the QSRR model, F_AFRBWF, Blbn_J, SsCH3, SssCH2, SsNH2, SssNH, SssS, SHdCH2, EEM_AFc, EEM_AFpl, EEM_XFpl and Pi_MaxQ. The relativity between true values and predictions in QSRR of cefdinir is R2 = 0.9836 (n = 18), ΔRRT is no more than 0.154, as 10.17% in RRT. The results indicate that the QSRR model for the related substances of cefdinir can be used to evaluate the analysis methods for related substances and predict the chromatographic behavior of new impurities, which will provide a new way for the evaluation of the effectiveness for drug quality control.
Cephalosporins ; chemistry ; standards ; Chromatography ; Models, Chemical ; Quality Control ; Structure-Activity Relationship

Objective To explore the dynamic changes of soluble interleukin-2 receptor(SIL-2R) and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF-?) levels in pediatric malignant solid tumors clinical value.Methods The levels of SIL-2R and tumor necrosis factor ?(TNF-?) were measured by ELISA in 15 cases with pediatric malignant solid tumors before and after chemotherapy.Results Before chemotherapy the levels of SIL-2R and TNF-? of every group patients were significantly higher those that of normal control group (P

In our previous work, we found that trivalent dimethylarsinous acid (DMA(III)) have high affinity binding to cysteine residue 13 of rat hemoglobin. However, it is still unknown why arsenic intermediate metabolite DMA(III) has high binding affinity for Cysl3 but not for other cysteine residues 93, 140, 111 and 125. In order to better understand the molecular mechanism of DMA(III) with rat hemoglobin, we have done current study. So, SD rats were divided into control and arsenic-treated groups randomly. Arsenic species in lysate of red blood cells were analyzed by HPLC-ICP-MS, and then determined by a hybrid quadrupole TOF MS. In addition, trivalent DMA(III) binds to different cysteine residues in rat hemoglobin alpha and beta chains were also simulated by Molecular Docking. Only Cys13 in alpha chain is able to bind to DMA(III) from the experiment results. Cys13 of alpha chain in rat hemoglobin is a specific binding site for DMA(III), and we found that amino acids compose pockets structure and surround Cys13 (but not other cysteine residues), make DMA(III) much easy to bind cysteine 13. Taken together, the DMA(III) specific binding to Cys13 is related to spatial structure of Cys13.
Animals ; Arsenic ; metabolism ; Binding Sites ; Cacodylic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cysteine ; metabolism ; Hemoglobins ; metabolism ; Mass Spectrometry ; Peptide Fragments ; metabolism ; Rats

OBJECTIVETo explore the distribution, combination and evolution of various syndromic etiologies of erectile dysfunction (ED) based on the syndrome etiology theory.

METHODSUsing the ED Syndromic Etiology Scale, we collected the clinical data on the Chinese medicine diagnoses of 297 cases of ED, extracted the core syndromic etiologies by analysis of principal components and factors, and analyzed the patterns of distribution, combination, and evolution of ED syndromic etiologies according to the general information of the patients.

RESULTSThrough analysis of principal components and factors, 9 core syndromic etiologies were extracted, i. e. , liver constraint with qi stagnation, kidney yin deficiency, damp-heat, liver constraint transforming into liver-fire, blood stasis, kidney yang deficiency, heart-spleen paired deficiency, qi-yin paired deficiency, and phlegm-damp. Each of these syndrome etiologies exhibited its own specific distribution patterns. Of the total number of cases studied, 51.52% had 2 or 3 core syndromic etiologies and 36.03% had only one.

CONCLUSIONIn the early stage of ED, its syndromic etiologies are usually liver constraint with qi stagnation, kidney yin deficiency, damp-heat, liver constraint transforming into liver-fire, and blood stasis. With the natural progres- sion of the disease, its syndromic etiologies gradually evolve into kidney yang deficiency, heart-spleen paired deficiency, qi-yin paired deficiency, phlegm-damp, and blood stasis, and finally into yin-yang deficiency of the heart, spleen and kidneys, combined with phlegm-damp and blood stasis.

Adult ; Erectile Dysfunction ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) reference standards plays an important role in the quality control of Chinese herbal pieces. This paper overviewed the development of TCM reference standards. By analyzing the 2010 edition of Chinese pharmacopoeia, the application of TCM reference standards in the quality control of Chinese herbal pieces was summarized, and the problems exiting in the system were put forward. In the process of improving the quality control level of Chinese herbal pieces, various kinds of advanced methods and technology should be used to research the characteristic reference standards of Chinese herbal pieces, more and more reasonable reference standards should be introduced in the quality control system of Chinese herbal pieces. This article discussed the solutions in the aspect of TCM reference standards, and future development of quality control on Chinese herbal pieces is prospected.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Quality Control ; Reference Standards

Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Ascites ; etiology ; therapy ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; therapy ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneovenous Shunt ; methods

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in the course of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced apoptosis of rat retinal photoreceptor cells and investigate the mechanism of MNU-induced retinal damage.

METHODSA single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg MNU was given to 50-day-old female rats, which were sacrificed at different intervals after MNU treatment. The retinal damage was examined with optical microscopy and photoreceptor cell apoptosis detected by TUNEL assay. Western blotting was performed to analyze the changes in NF-kappaB.

RESULTSPyknosis of the photoreceptor cell nuclei and disorientation of the outer segment of the photoreceptor layer was observed 24 h after MNU treatment, and the outer nuclear layer and photoreceptor layer were almost completely lost on day 7. Photoreceptor cell apoptosis peaked at 24 h, and in the apoptotic cascade, NF-kappaB p65 protein was only detected 12 and 24 h after MNU treatment, whereas the amount of I kappa B alpha, in contrast, markedly increased in the cytoplasm as well as in the nuclei.

CONCLUSIONMNU-induced retinal damage might be mediated through the signaling pathway of NF-kappaB/I kappa B alpha.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Female ; I-kappa B Proteins ; metabolism ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Methylnitrosourea ; toxicity ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Retinal Diseases ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology