Currently,antimicrobial resistance has become an urgent global public health problem.Human defensin,a family of innate immune peptides,plays an important role in the control of infectious disease because of its low resistance to microbiological infection.However,so far there is seldom report on industrial production of bioactive defensin.Human β-defensin 3 (HBD3) is a member of human innate antimicrobial peptides.It has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and function in a variety of inflammation diseases.In addition,HBD3 is considered as a good candidate for antibiotics,because it has a strong killing activity to antibiotics-resistant microbes and resistance to highsalt environment,it is especially valuable for the treatment of ocular surface inflammatory diseases.This review covers the in vitro research on the production of HBD3,optimization of structure-activity and its antimicrobial potential for ocular surface infection,which may provide a supportive evidence for the commercial production of HBD3 and other antimicrobial peptides in biopharmaceutical area.

Genome replication of reovirus occurs in cytoplasmic inclusion bodies called viral factories or viroplasms. The viral nonstructural protein μNS, encoded by genome segment M3, is not a component of mature virions, but is expressed to high levels in infected cells and is concentrated in the infected cell factory matrix. Recent studies have demonstrated that μNS plays a central role in forming the matrix of these structures, as well as in recruiting other components to them for putative roles in genome replication and particle assembly.

Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; metabolism ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Receptors, CXCR ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology

Objective To investigate the clinical advantages and safety profile of the combinational treatment of acute progressive cerebral infarction with aspirin,clopedogrel and atorvastatin.Methods 170 cases with acute progressive cerebral infarction were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group,85 patients in each group.Both two groups were initially treated with aspirin and atorvastatin.After excluding the possibility of hemorrhage, the treatment group additionally received clopedogrel,while the control group was treated with aspirin and atorvastatin. The difference in clinical efficacy was evaluated between before treatment and 7 days,14 days or 28 days after treatment by using the NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS)and Barthel Index (BI).Results The NIHSS scores of the treatment group after 7d,14d and 28d were (12.52 ±3.25)points,(9.10 ±3.21)points and (6.87 ±2.85)points, which of the control group were (13.65 ±2.93)points,(10.73 ±3.41)points and (9.07 ±2.96)points respectively, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t =2.340,3.170,4.877,all P <0.05).The BI scores of the treatment group after 7d,14d and 28d were (35.26 ±11.18),(53.73 ±13.74)and (74.61 ±17.35), which of the control group were (31.98 ±9.12),(46.65 ±11.79 )and (63.87 ±15.73 )respectively,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t =2.131,3.752,4.456,all P <0.05).The overall effective rates of the treatment group after 7d,14d and 28d were 62.7%,79.5% and 94.0%,which of the control group were 51.2%,68.3% and 84.1% respectively.The differences of overall effective rates were statistically significant after 14d and 28d(χ2 =4.711,8.531,all P <0.05).Few reverse reactions were observed in both two groups.Conclusion Compared with the aspirin and atorvastatin therapy,combinational treatment of acute progressive cerebral infarction together with clopedogrel has a better efficacy,safety profile and significant promotion on neurological recovery.

Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) has been increasingly recognized as a cause for significant morbidity and mortality in many diseases.Great advances have been made in many researches that are dedicated to the treatment of ACS.However,in the field of orthopedics,it has still not aroused enough attention from the orthopaedic surgeons,as the occurrence and development of ACS are occult following pelvic fracture trauma.This review introduces the relevant data and researches about ACS resulting from pelvic fractures.

An investigation was made on reforrs of connty public hospitals in Yulin region,Shaanxi province.With theories of public administration,the authors probed into the government investment behavior in county-level public hospitals reform,hospital operation mechanism,and govemmem regulation,as well as multi-sector involvement in healthcare services Proposals made in the paper advocate constructing a responsible and limited service-based government in the county-level public hospitals reform.

Objective To explore the effect of mild hypothermia on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-?),interleukin-1?(IL-1?),interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in serum of patients with severe traumatic brain injury and its clinical significance. Methods Mild hypothermia was used within 24 hours after injury to keep the rectal temperature at 33℃-35℃ for five days in 23 patients, who suffered from severe brain injury with GCS score of 3-8 (mild hypothermia group). And 21 patients who suffered from severe brain injury with GCS score of 3-8 were taken as control group. The dynamic changes of serum TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-6 and IL-8 at days 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively after trauma were monitored using ELISA. Results Levels of serum TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-6 and IL-8 were decreased more significantly in the mild hypothermia group than those in the control group(P

Low birth weight is associated with newborn mortality and adult chronic diseases.Some studies found that naternal caffeine consunption during pregnancy was closely related with low birth weight.Resent research evidence indicates that caffeine may induce low birth weight by blocking adenosine receptors,inhibiting phosphodiesterase(PDE) and enhancing angiotensin Ⅱ (AT2) receptor gene expression to lower the placenta blood flow.We recommend that women should reduce caffeine intake during pregnancy.

Objective: To observe the resection range of dog hemi-vertical larynx by semiconductor laser. Methods: Twelve dogs were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C, n = 4). Group A: the hemi-vertical larynx was cauterized forward from the anterior commissure to thyroid cartilage internal membrane, outwards including the right vocal cords. Group B: the hemi-vertical larynx was cauterized forward from anterior commissure to thyroid cartilage internal membrane and partial cartilage of anterior commissure, outwards including the right ventricular fold, vocal cord, thyroarytenoid muscle and partial lateral cricoarytenoid muscle, downwards including the lower edge of thyroid cartilage, and backwards including the partial arytenoid cartilage. Group C: the hemi-vertical larynx was cauterized forward including the anterior commissure and partial thyroid cartilage of anterior commissure, outwards including the right ventricular fold, vocal cord, thyroarytenoid muscle, lateral cricoarytenoid muscle and paraglottic space to thyroid cartilage, downwards including the partial cricothyroid membrane to the upside of cricoid cartilage, and backwards including total right arytenoid cartilage. The recovery of the laryngeal wounds, hoarseness, and complications were observed and evaluated by using digital camera and electrolaryngoscope immediately, 1 week and 4 weeks after operation. The treatment outcome of the resection was evaluated. Results: The laser surgery was completed successfully in all the animals. Laryngoscope showed that the neonatal membrane covered the wound in group A and B one week later, without obvious complications. The neonatal membrane covered part of the wound in group C, accompanied by inflammatory reaction and cough when eating. Four weeks later the new membrane over the wound surface were smooth in all the three groups; adhesion appeared in the anterior commissure and new anterior commissure was formed. A new vocal cord was formed in group A; only a small gap was seen when the glottis was closed. In Group B, the new vocal cord was narrower and thinner; granulation growth was seen in local areas; and the glottis was closed incompletely. In Group C, mucosa was slightly raised over the original location of the vocal cord. Closure of the glottis was poor. Group A had no hoarseness, Group B had moderate, and Group C had severe hoarseness, but without cough when eating. Also in Group C the lamina of thyroid cartilage of the operative side was thinner than that of the contralateral side. Conclusion: When cauterizing dog partial hemi-vertical larynx using semiconductor laser, we can resect all the soft-tissue internal the thyroid cartilage, including the arytenoid and partial thyroid cartilage in the anterior commissure. The repair is satisfactory after operation, without obvious complications.

Objective To compare the rDNA-ITS differentiation and its regulation between Morinda (officinalis) and its counterfeit species, and provide DNA molecular markers for the fingerprint identification of them. Methods The rDNA-ITS regions of M. officinalis and its counterfeit species were amplified and sequenced, then analyzed by means of CLUSTRAL X and MEGA softwares. Results The internal transcribed spacers (ITS) including ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2, and partial 18S and 26S were determined. In DNA DIST analysis, the range of diversity among M. officinalis and M. shughuaeusis, M. umbellata was (2.9%-)5.8% and 2.9%-4.2% based on ITS1 and ITS2; the range of diversity between M. officinalis and Damnacanthus indicus was 21.2% and 18.9% based on ITS1 and ITS2. Phylogenetic tree based on ITS and 5.8S sequence data indicated the M. umbellata and M. shuanghuaensis were closely related then with M. officinalis, while D. indicus was monophyletic group. Conclusion The rDNA-ITS sequence is a better molecular marker for idertification of M. officinalis and its counterfeit species.