GERL in fetal hepatocytes of 12, 15, 17, 19 and 21 days Wistar rat fetuses was investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy and ultracytochemistry. The ultrastructural study showed that: on the day 12 fetuses, GERL of fetal hepatoeytes was consisted of rigid lamellae and short tubules. Rigid lamellae were characterized by the relatively rigid, thin tubules and located at the maturation face of Golgi apparatus. On the day 15 and 19 fetuses, GERL was composed of tubulevacuole-like rigid lamellae, some vesicles, short or thick tubules and round dence bodies. GERL was often found tobe contiuned with lysosomes, including coated vesicle, primary and secondary lysosomes. On the day 17 and 21 fetuses, when the structure of fetal hepatocytes was at the stage of differentiation and renewal, GERL degenerated and could notbe identified.Acid phosphatase ultraeytochemieal results showed that the enzyme reaction product was seen in all parts of GERL and lysosomes, however, no portion of the Golgi stack showed AcP activity. AcP reaction product could also demons trated in the network form and degenerated form of GERL.As mentioned above, our study suggested: (1) there was indeed GERL in fetal hepatocytes of rat fetuses; (2) the formation of GERL was related to the differentiation of fetal hepatocytes as well as the formation and function of lysosomes; (3) according to the unique ultrastructure, enzymological and functional features, it be a preference to the view that the GERL might be a distinct cytoplasmic organelle.

By using the transmission electron microscopy, the ultrastructure of the Clara cell of the normal adult guinea-pig and its change under the simulated elevation of 5 000m after 24 h, 28 h and 72 h are studied. Meanwhile the quantitative analysis of the SER and some organelles are carried out. Clara cell of the normal guinea-pig contains abundent SER and secretory granules with a prominent Golgi apparatus. The facts suggest that Clara cell has the secretory characteristics. After 24 h hypox ia, Clara cells appear the early states of response. After 48 h and 72 h the SER and Golgi apparatus appear highly exaggerated. Their volume density is increased and the numeral density of secretory granules also increased. The average volume of the secretory granules decreased apparently in 72 h groups. These results show that the hypoxia cause the ultrastructural changes and enhance the evidence that Clara cells may participate the formation of the surfactant.

Gadd45a, a p53 and BRCA1-regulated growth arrest and DNA damage gene, plays important roles in suppressing cell transformation and tumor malignancy. Gadd45a maintains the genomic stability through inhibiting the cell growth and promoting the DNA repair etc, by which it suppresses the tumor development. Additionally, Gadd45a is involved in some important signaling pathway, contributing to its function in tumor suppressing.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of laparoscopy assisted Meckel’s diverticulum resection in children. Methods Meckel’s diverticulum resection was performed under laparoscope in 12 children from October 2000 to April 2002.Two 3 mm incisions were made on the McBurney point and the midpoint between the umbilicus and the pubis,respectively.Three 3 mm trocar were introduced.When the diverticulum was found,the incision was prolonged to 2 cm long along the inferior border of the umbilicus.The lesion was removed externally and the intestine was anastomosed. Results All operations were completed smoothly under laparoscope. The intraoperative blood loss was 2～3 ml and the operation time was 1 2～2 5 h.The diverticulum was 1 cm?2 cm～3 cm?4 cm in size.The patients were dismissed 5～7 days after surgery,without obvious scar formation. Conclusions Laparoscopic Meckel’s diverticulum resection is feasible, with the advantages of the minimal invasion, rapid recovery and unobvious scars.

Objective To evaluate the two methods for quantitative hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA test. Methods The Hybrid Capture II system from Digene Co. and Real Time PCR fluorimetry quantitative HBV DNA test kit from PIJI Bio Technical Development Company Ltd. were used to detect sera HBV DNA in sera of patients with chronic hepatitis B. Results With the two quantitative methods, the positive rates of HBV DNA were 98 6% and 94.6% respectively. The concordant rate of these two methods was 93.2%. In assessing the sensitivity of the two kits with a serial of 10 fold diluted patients′s sera, PG kit could test 10 -7 of diluted serum, and HC II could test 10 -6 . The test value of HC II was more accurate in quantitation than PG kit especially in higher titer of HBV DNA. Whereas in the case of low titer of HBV DNA, the deviation of test value increased in both two methods. For monitoring the anti virus effect with quantitative HBV DNA in CHB patients, these two methods had same sensitivity, and the test value of HBV DNA had the same trend of change. Conclusion HC II system and PG test kit were sensitive and reliable, and they were worthy of monitoring the anti virus efficacy and of clinical practice.

ving CQI(P＜0.05).Conclusion CQI program effectively reduces CRBSI incidenee in cancer patients with PICC.

The Borf1 protein is encoded by an immediate-early gene of the bovine foamy virus (BFV) and plays a key role in the viral life cycle. Borf1 is a DNA binding protein which can transactivate both the long terminal repeat (LTR) and the internal promoter (IP) of BFV by specifically binding to the transactivation responsive element (TRE). To analyze the subcellular localization of Borf1 during the BFV life cycle, this gene was cloned into a prokaryotic expression vector and expressed in a soluble form. After the purification and immunization, we raised the mouse anti-Borf1 serum with a high titer based on ELISA results. Western blot analysis showed that the antiserum could specifically recognize the Borf1 protein that was expressed in 293T cells. With this specific serum, we revealed the nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of Borf1 in HeLa cells that was transfected with Borf1. Moreover, the immuno-fluorescence assay also showed that the localization of Borf1 during the infection and transfection of BFV was identical.

Objective　To establish animal model for hypertrophic scar and study the characters of its morphology and collagen metabolism. Methods　A total of 64 round wounds (diameter of 6 mm each) with total skin loss were made on the ventral side of rabbit ear using a trephine. Morphology and collagen metabolism of scar wounds were studied at 14,21,35,70 and 98 days after operation, respectively. Results　There were 76% elevated scars developed (45/59 wounds) on the ventral side of rabbit ear at 21 days and 46% elevated scars disappeared (11/24) at 98 days after operation. There were numerous fibroblast proliferation and whorl-arranged collagen fibers at 21 and 35 days. The number of fibroblast decreased, but irregular-arranged fibers still presented in the elevated scars at 70 and 98 days after operation. Hydroxyproline content in elevated scars at 21 days was higher than that in normal skin (P<0.05), and at 35 days was 3 times as that in normal skin and at 98 days was also markedly higher than that in normal skin (P<0.05). Conclusion　Excessive deposition of collagen is a characteristic of hypertrophic scar in rabbits. The conversion of normal scarring to hypertrophic scarring in rabbits occurs at 14～21 days after operation. Both development and regression of hypertrophic scar in rabbit are quicker than that in human.

Objective To compare the degree of pain in patients after radical gastrectomy under different anesthetic regimens.Methods One hundred and two ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged 50-75 yr,weighing 45-70 kg,undergoing elective radical gastrectomy,were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =34 each):general anesthesia (GA) group,combined general-subcostal transversus abdominis plane block (CGTA) group and combined general-epidural anesthesia (CGEA) group.The patients were sent to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) after tracheal extubation,and the VAS score on arrival in the PACU was recorded.The degree of pain was evaluated by VAS score,and when VAS scores ＞ 3,the patients received intravenous morphine titration.When VAS scores ≤ 3,morphine titration was stopped and all the patients were connected to patient-controlled intravenous analgesia and/or epidural analgesia pump.The total amount of morphine consumed was recorded at the end of titration,and the occurrence of adverse reactions was also observed.Results Compared with groups GA and CGTA,the incidence of moderate to severe postoperative pain was significantly decreased in group CGEA (P ＜0.01).The incidence of severe postoperative pain,the VAS score on arrival in the PACU and the total amount of morphine consumed were decreased gradually in groups GA,CGTA and CGEA ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The incidence of sedation was significantly lower in group CGEA than in group GA (P ＜ 0.01 ).There were no significant differences in the other adverse reactions among the three groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion The degree of pain is reduced gradually in patients after radical gastrectomy under GA,CGTA and CGEA.

Objective Mitotic spindle and midbody are both microtubule-based temporary structures during cell growth and play essential roles in mitosis.The purpose of this study was to establish a mature and efficient method to extract mitotic spindle and midbody.Methods Through the cell cycle synchronization method,mitotic spindle or midbody was made appear inside cells.Low permeability swelling and glycerol gradient centrifugation principles were then used to extract spindle and midbody.Results By Western Blot and immunofluorescence staining,the extracts were identified as mitotic spindle and midbody.Conclusions The successful extraction of mitotic spindle and midbody from synchronized Hela cells will provide foundation for identifying the proteins located in cell during mitosis,and be of great significance to the study of molecular regulation mechanisms of mitosis and tumorigenesis.