A qualitative and quantitative comparison of the ultrastructure of the hepato-cyte lysosomes of adult monkeys, dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, and mice were carried out.The dense bodies in the hepatocytes in the animals studied were similar in their ultrastructure but different in their number and size. The digestive vacuole was more numerous in rats, mice, rabbits and monkeys than in dogs and cats. But the residue body was scarcely found in rats, mice and rabbits, a little more in cats and monkeys, and quite a lot in dogs. Besides, some undigested globular substances were found just entering into the residue bodies to be digested. The difference of the digestive vacuoles and residue bodies in the hepatocytes of these mammals are probably due to the species difference and the different kinds of food eaten.In dogs and monkeys, bristle coated vesicles were formed by the budding out of the adjacent cell membrane of two hepatocytes with one end of the budding in-vaginating into the cytoplasm and the other end enlarged and pinching out.The results of morphometric analysis of lysosomes of the hepatocytes were different in the 6 kinds of mammals studied.The volume density of lysosomes of the hepatocytes was the highest in dogs and the lowest in mice, and the numerical density was the highest in monkeys and the lowest in rabbits.

The changes of lysosomes of the hepatocytes in 27 healthy female rats aged 1, 5, 15, 30, 50, and 90 days respectively were observed on morphometry and by studying the ultrastructures with electron microscope. The results are as following:1. The volume density and numerical density of the lysosomes of rat hepatocytes are markedly increased as the age increases.2. The lysosomes originally scattered in cytoplasm gradually migrate to the periphery of bile canaliculi.3. The proportion among certain forms of secondary lysosome changes as the rats grow older and the alteration of autophagic vacuoles is more prominant than others.The significance of the lysosome changes mentioned above was discussed. The author, considering from all the results, suggests that the time around five days after the birth of the rats is a critical period for the development of the lysosomes of rat hepatocytes.

By using the transmission electron microscopy, the ultrastructure of the Clara cell of the normal adult guinea-pig and its change under the simulated elevation of 5 000m after 24 h, 28 h and 72 h are studied. Meanwhile the quantitative analysis of the SER and some organelles are carried out. Clara cell of the normal guinea-pig contains abundent SER and secretory granules with a prominent Golgi apparatus. The facts suggest that Clara cell has the secretory characteristics. After 24 h hypox ia, Clara cells appear the early states of response. After 48 h and 72 h the SER and Golgi apparatus appear highly exaggerated. Their volume density is increased and the numeral density of secretory granules also increased. The average volume of the secretory granules decreased apparently in 72 h groups. These results show that the hypoxia cause the ultrastructural changes and enhance the evidence that Clara cells may participate the formation of the surfactant.

Objective To compare effect of the GlideScope and direct laryngoscopy in snoring surgery.Methods Fourty patients scheduled for orotracheal intubation of general anesthesia in snoring surgery wererandomly divided into GlideScope group ( A group) and direct laryngoscope group ( B group). Two groups were recorded values of heart rate (HR),systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP)before induction (T1), after induction (T2), intubation (T3) and 1 (T4), 3 (T5), 5 (T6) min after intubation and plasma norepinephrine (NE) concentrations in T1, T5, T6. Results ( 1 ) Values of HR, SBP and DBP of two groups were compared in T1 and T2, the difference was not significant ( P ＞ 0.05 ); Values of SBP and DBP of two groups compared T1 to T2, and the difference was significant ( P ＜ 0. 05); (2) Values of HR, SBP and DBP of two groups compared in T3, T4 and T5, and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.05);(3 ) Values of the concentration of plasma NE of two groups compared in T1 ,T5 and T6, and the difference was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion Cardiovascular response and stress response of orotracheal intubation using a videolaryngoscope is lower than using ordinary laryngoscope in snoring surgery.

By using the cytochemical methods, the activity of lysosomal acid phosphatase (ACP) and arylsulphatase (ArSase) in liver cells of the three kinds of vertebrates, guinea pig, pigeon and toad, was observed. The results show that the distribution of the two enzymes has some difference in the hepatocytes of all three kinds of animals. There are four forms of ArSase localization in the dense bodies of hepatocytes. Furthermore the three kinds of animals have different ArSase localization characteristics. The biological significance of these phenomena was discussed.

GERL in fetal hepatocytes of 12, 15, 17, 19 and 21 days Wistar rat fetuses was investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy and ultracytochemistry. The ultrastructural study showed that: on the day 12 fetuses, GERL of fetal hepatoeytes was consisted of rigid lamellae and short tubules. Rigid lamellae were characterized by the relatively rigid, thin tubules and located at the maturation face of Golgi apparatus. On the day 15 and 19 fetuses, GERL was composed of tubulevacuole-like rigid lamellae, some vesicles, short or thick tubules and round dence bodies. GERL was often found tobe contiuned with lysosomes, including coated vesicle, primary and secondary lysosomes. On the day 17 and 21 fetuses, when the structure of fetal hepatocytes was at the stage of differentiation and renewal, GERL degenerated and could notbe identified.Acid phosphatase ultraeytochemieal results showed that the enzyme reaction product was seen in all parts of GERL and lysosomes, however, no portion of the Golgi stack showed AcP activity. AcP reaction product could also demons trated in the network form and degenerated form of GERL.As mentioned above, our study suggested: (1) there was indeed GERL in fetal hepatocytes of rat fetuses; (2) the formation of GERL was related to the differentiation of fetal hepatocytes as well as the formation and function of lysosomes; (3) according to the unique ultrastructure, enzymological and functional features, it be a preference to the view that the GERL might be a distinct cytoplasmic organelle.

With the opening of the medical service market and the rise of medical expenses, patients have started to pay more attention to the choice of medical service institutions. Patient satisfaction has become another key factor in competition besides quality and price. The paper mainly deals with the implication of the degree of customer satisfaction in medical services, the steps of measurement, and the immediate significance of studying the degree of customer satisfaction.

Objective To investigate plasma homocystein (Hcy) level in cardiac transplant patients.Methods Fourteen cases of heart transplant patients were recruited in this study. Plasma Hcy levels were measured by using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and flow-mediated dilatation in brachial arteries detected with high-resolution ultrasound in all patients, while coronary artery angiography were performed in 7 patients.Results In 2 cases of heart transplant who had single coronary artery stenosis, the plasma Hcy levels were above 12 ?mol/L. The average plasma Hcy levels in heart transplant patients were higher than in health volunteers [( 13.47? 2.78) ?mol/L vs (9.26? 3.57) ?mol/L], and flow-mediated dilatation in brachial arteries of heart transplant patients was lower than that of health volunteers [( 8.2? 3.7) % vs ( 12.5? 1.6) %]. There was a linear correlation between levels of plasma Hcy and flow-mediated dilatation (r= -0.804). Conclusion Endothelial dysfunction in the heart transplant patents might be contributed to hyperhomocysteinemia which may be potential cause of transplant coronary artery disease.

Guinea pig, pigeon and toad are the vertebrates on different evolution level. The acid phosphatase content in the hepatocytes of centrilobular area and periportal area of hepatic lobules were quantitatively measured by microspectrophotometer and image analyser. The results showed that the content of acid phosphatase of hepatocytes was highest in guinea pig, lowest in pigeon, and toad in between the both. The average density of acid phosphatase distribution in the hepatocytes increases according to the evolution order. The significance of this phenomenon was discussed.

Objective To evaluate the two methods for quantitative hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA test. Methods The Hybrid Capture II system from Digene Co. and Real Time PCR fluorimetry quantitative HBV DNA test kit from PIJI Bio Technical Development Company Ltd. were used to detect sera HBV DNA in sera of patients with chronic hepatitis B. Results With the two quantitative methods, the positive rates of HBV DNA were 98 6% and 94.6% respectively. The concordant rate of these two methods was 93.2%. In assessing the sensitivity of the two kits with a serial of 10 fold diluted patients′s sera, PG kit could test 10 -7 of diluted serum, and HC II could test 10 -6 . The test value of HC II was more accurate in quantitation than PG kit especially in higher titer of HBV DNA. Whereas in the case of low titer of HBV DNA, the deviation of test value increased in both two methods. For monitoring the anti virus effect with quantitative HBV DNA in CHB patients, these two methods had same sensitivity, and the test value of HBV DNA had the same trend of change. Conclusion HC II system and PG test kit were sensitive and reliable, and they were worthy of monitoring the anti virus efficacy and of clinical practice.