Aim To observe the inhibition of myeloperioxidase(MPO) activity in rat colitis by oral administration of HPMCP-coated chitosan capsule filled with dexamethasone(DSP) liposome lyophilized powder.Method The rat colitis was induced with the coloclysis of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS),and then methods were established for quantifying MPO in colon tissue and the ratio of rat colon weight/rat body weight(C/B),which were chosen as the index of colitis degree.These indexes were used to evaluate the inhibiting action of various DSP dosage forms on MPO in colon tissue after their oral administration.Results The observed MPO in colon tissue reached the max on the fifth day with the coloclysis of TNBS.All the experimented DSP preparations could effectively inhibit MPO activity,while DSP lyophilized liposome capsule had the most effectiveness.Conclusion DSP lyophilized liposome chitosan capsule may be more helpful in treating colitis than DSP powder chitosan capsule and its other dosage forms.Hence,it is worth studying further.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are common environmental contaminants that represent a considerable risk to reproductive toxicity in exposed human populations. Although some experimental studies have suggested an association between the levels of PCBs and semen quality, the direct effects of PCBs on human sperm parameters remain largely unexplored. To this aim, a short-term in vitro incubation experiment that better imitated the putative exposure of sperm to Aroclor 1254 (a commercial PCB mixture) in male reproduction tissue was conducted. Human sperm were incubated with various concentrations (0, 1, 5, or 25 mg l-1) of Aroclor 1254 for different amounts of time (3 and 6 h) in vitro. Sperm motility parameters were analyzed with computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA). The proportion of sperm with high mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected to explore the probable cause of sperm impairment. Human sperm exposed to continuous Aroclor 1254 exhibited: (i) reduced sperm motility and kinematic parameters, (ii) a proportion of sperm with high ΔΨm that decreased in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05), and (iii) increased levels of ROS compared with controls (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Aroclor 1254 can decrease sperm motility, which may culminate in increased ROS and general mitochondrial dysfunction, thus affecting the fertilization potential of sperm. Our findings suggest a broader understanding of the effect of Aroclor 1254 on human sperm.

Objective To compare the effect of different sutures and suture method on corneal neovascularization ( CNV) in rabbit models. Methods NV was induced by placing sutures at the corneal periphery of rabbits (n = 45). To observe the NV status, 45 rabbits were randomly divided into 5 equal groups. Group A applied 8-0 absorbable suture (A1 single loop parallel suture, A2 single loop vertical suture). In group B, 10-0 nylon suture was used (B1 double loop parallel suture, B2 double loop vertical suture, B3 three loop radial suture). The development of CNV was observed with slit lamp microscope and photographed. Therefore the effective model for neovascularization induction was selected. Histological examination, immunofluorescent staining and ELISA analysis for the vascular endothelial growth factor( VEGF) were performed before suture, 7 and 14 days after suture. Results Sutures fell off and CNV gradually atrophied in group Al and A2; At the 14th day after suture, Sparse or short cluster CNV grew into the corneal margin in group B1 and B2, while CNV was vigorous and grew in bundles in group B3. The expression of VEGF in aqueous humor increased in B3 group after suturing, and increased in 14 days as compared with 7 days after suture. Corneal edema, neovascularization and little immunofluorescence staining for VEGF were detected in group B3 after 7 days suture. More neovascularization and immunofluorescence staining for VEGF were detected in group B3 after 14 days suture. Conclusion Corneal NV can be induced successfully in rabbit model by suturing. The method of 10-0 thread with three sets of circular seams (B3) is stable and effective.

Objective: To explore the effects of intervention programs during primipara, using the Information-motivation-behavioral skills model (IMB) intervention model on initial exclusive breastfeeding. Method: 206 women of primiparas who were registered to the top three hospitals were selected in Shandong province, 2018. These women were hospitalized in the obstetrics/gynaecology wards during the later periods. IMB model was used to support the intervention programs at the following stages: antenatal period, 1 day postpartum, 3-4 days postpartum and 42 days postpartum. Questionnaire regarding self-efficacy energy meter, knowledge and behavior related to breastfeeding, were used before and after the intervention programs. Results: Through intervention programs, statistically significant differences in breastfeeding self-efficacy scores between the four stages (F=150.680, P=0.000) were recorded. Significant differences were also noticed in scores on knowledge of breastfeeding (F=176.556, P=0.000). Conclusion The application of IMB intervention model in women at childbearing age seemed to be helpful in improving the effect of primary breastfeeding in women at childbearing age.

OBJECTIVETo summarize and analyze the clinical features, diagnosis methods, surgical approaches and treatment outcomes of patients with primary parapharyngeal space tumors.

METHODSA retrospective review of 91 cases with primary parapharyngeal space tumors treated from January 1999 to December 2011 was performed. All patients underwent preoperative enhanced CT scan and postoperative histopathologic examination. Intraoperative frozen section biopsies were performed in 36 of 91 cases. The surgical approaches included trans-cervical approach in 73 cases, trans-parotid approach in 5 cases, trans-oral approach in 5 cases, and mandibulotomy in 8 cases.

RESULTSThe postoperative pathological diagnoses consisted of 29 variants, including 20 for benign tumors and 9 for malignant tumors. Of the 80 cases with benign tumors, 6 cases were lost to follow-up and 74 cases were followed up for 31-84 months with no recurrence. Eleven cases with malignant tumor were followed up for 8-51 months (median 29 months), of them 7 cases died and 1 case was lost to follow-up. The post-operative complications included Horner syndrome in 3 cases, hoarseness in 2 cases, hypoglossal nerve palsy in 1 case, accessory nerve palsy in 1 case, upper airway obstruction in 1 case, and internal carotid artery cavernous sinus fistula in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONSParapharyngeal space tumors are rare, with atypical clinical manifestation, and have pathological types of diversification. CT or MRI is helpful to evaluate the tumor size, location and possible sources, and to make operation scheme. Surgery is the first choice for parapharyngeal space tumors. Trans-cervical approach can be applied to most tumors. Parapharyngeal benign tumors have good prognosis, but malignant tumors have poor prognosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of endoscopic surgery for maxillary sinus inverted papilloma.

METHODSFrom 2000 to 2011, 50 patients with maxillary sinus inverted papilloma were treated with intranasal endoscopic surgery or combined approach. Among them, 39 cases were primary and 11 cases were recurrent, which included 17 patients with Krouse stage IIand 33 cases with Krouse stage III. Different surgical approaches were selected according to the range and positions of the lesions. One case with severe atypical hyperplasia received postoperative radiotherapy.

RESULTSAll cases were followed up for 3-14 years, 7 cases recurred. All occurrence within 2 years after operation. Malignant change and death was found in 1 case. After operation, epiphora occurred in 2 cases, maxillary sinus labiogingival groove fistula occurred in 2 cases, facial numbness occurred in 4 cases and incision hemorrhage occurred in 1 case. All the complications were cured after appropriate treatment.

CONCLUSIONSNaso-endoscopic surgery or combined approach is a safe, effective and microinvasive treatment for patients with maxillary sinus inverted papilloma. Accurate selection of suitable approach according to the range and positions of the lesions and correct management of the base of the tumor are critical to the success of the operation.

Endoscopy ; methods ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Maxillary Sinus ; surgery ; Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms ; surgery ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Nose ; Nose Neoplasms ; Papilloma, Inverted ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To investigate the effects of self-made carriers on the cryopreservation of ovarian tissue of sheep. Methods Thirty-two ovaries were randomly assigned to fresh group,programmed freezing group,self-made carrier I vitrification group,and self-made carrier Ⅱ vitrification group.The morphology,proliferation,apoptosis,and estrogen level of the ovarian tissue in each group were observed. Results After cryopreservation,the morphology normal rate of the primordial follicles in programmed freezing group,self-made carrier I vitrification group,and self-made carrier Ⅱ vitrification group were 74.2%,72.8%,and 72.3%,respectively,lower than that(83.7%)in the fresh group(χ
Animals ; Cryopreservation ; Female ; Freezing ; Ovarian Follicle ; Ovary ; Sheep ; Vitrification

Objective: To investigate the cognitive level and practice status of nursing ethics of clinical nurses in Shandong Province. Methods: 3 205 nurses from 20 tertiary hospitals and 10 secondary hospitals were investigated using clinical nursing ethics cognition and practice questionnaire, with the aid of the special committee of nursing ethics in Shandong province. All data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software. Results: The total score of nursing ethics in Shandong Province was (16.65±3.25), and the total score of ethical practice was(40.10±6.72). Univariate analysis showed that there were differences in ethical cognitive level among nurses of different age, education, working years, professional title, marital status, income and working department (t=49.880, F=5.470-65.006, P<0.01); and there were differences in ethical practice level among nurses of different gender, age, education, working years, professional title, marital status, income and working department (t=36.037, 103.510, F=37.267-132.710, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that different age, working years and professional title have statistically significant influence on the nursing ethical cognitive level; and different gender, working years, professional title, education, income and marital status have statistically significant influence on the nursing ethical practice level. Conclusion The ethical cognition of clinical nurses in Shandong province was in the middle level. Although nurses were aware of the importance of ethics, there were some weak points in ethical practice. The influencing factors include hospital management, society, patients, nurses 'own factors, and national policies. It is recommended to improve ethical cognition and practice status by carrying out continuing education, reducing nurses′ workload, strengthening positive publicity, and strengthening management learning, etc, thus improving nursing quality.

The phenomenon of phase separation of intracellular biological macromolecules is an emerging research field that has received great attention in recent years. As an aggregation and compartment mechanism of cell biochemical reactions, it widely exists in nature and participates in important physiological processes such as gene transcription and regulation, as well as influences organism's response to external stimuli. Disequilibrium of phase separation may lead to the occurrence of some major diseases. Researchers in cross-cutting fields are trying to examine dementia and other related diseases from a new perspective of phase separation, exploring its molecular mechanism and the potential possibility of intervention and treatment. This review intends to introduce the latest research progress in this field, summarize the major research directions, biochemical basis, its relationship with disease occurrence, and giving a future perspective of key problems to focus on.
Animals ; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical ; trends ; Cytoplasm ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Humans ; Macromolecular Substances ; isolation & purification ; Research ; trends

Cranial Nerves ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; Nervous System Malformations