Objective In order to assess the present status of the prophylaxis and the eliminating process for iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Guizhou province. Methods Guiyang, Douyun and Kaili regions were selected as IDD monitoring spots of Guizhou province. In these districts, the monitoring indicators for IDD were determined and compared with those ten years ago. Results From 1999 to 2000 in Guiyang, Douyun and Kaili: (1) Themeansofiodineconcentrationiniodized salt of households were 43.6 mg/kg, 43.2 mg/kg and 45.3 mg/kg, respectively, and the qualified rates were 97.5%, 95.8% and 97.9%, respectively, all of them were obviously higher than those ten years ago (P5 mIU/L were in 18.0%, 21.8% and 20.0% infants, respectively, obviously descended from those ten years ago (P

Objective To explore the mechanisms and effects of adoptive immunotherapy with ovarian cancer vaccine modified by GM-CSF gene which was used after immunologic reconstitution during lymphopenia induced by chemotherapy.Methods Lymphopenia was induced by chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide.The immune reconstituted model was built in rats.The tumor vaccine draining lymph nodes were harvested after the ovarian cancer cells NUTU-19 modified by GM-CSF gene were injected.The effector T cells (T_E) were got after being stimulated and amplified.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the level of interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-4 secreted by T_E.Intracellular cytokine staining was used to determine frequency of tumor-specific T_E.Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) was used to detect the special cytotoxicity ofT_E killing target cells.The survival period of rats bearing pre-established abdominal ovariam carcinoma after being adoptively transferred byT_E.was observed.Results Compared with those in control group,the significant higher levels IL-2[(65.7±4.0) pg/ml]and lower levels IL-4 [(277±49) pg/ml]were observed in chemotherapy-immune recunstitution-vaccine immunization group.The amount of CD_4~+ T cells secreting interferon-γ (13.0±2.1)% were also significantly increased.The rate of the special cytotoxicity of killing T cells (86.5±1.1) % was markedly improved.The survival period of rats (110±16) days was increased in chemotherapy-immune reconstitution-vaccine immunization group.Conclusions The combined immunotherapy of chemotherapy-immune reconstitution-tumor vaccine immunotherapy may increase the frequency and function of specific tumor T_E.The specific cytotoxicity is increased and the weak reaction of T_E to tumor is improved,which showed that this therapy can enhance immune reaction.

Objective: This experiment was designed to study the change of nitric oxide (NO) content in different parts of brain in rats suffering from iodine deficiency(ID) and hypothyroidism since their fetal period. Methods: Iodine deficiency animal model was made and NO content in hippocampus(HPC), cerebellum (CE) and cortex(CO) were measured by using NO test kit. Results: Urinary iodine and serum T 3?T 4 concentrations significantly decreased and learning-memory capacity was impaired in ID rats. NO content was significantly lower in HPC and CE in ID rats than in control rats.(HPC:11.61?2.31/2.3?1 18 ?mol/g Prot;CE:10.77?5.16/4.70?1.95 ?mol/g Prot).No difference was found in cortex. Conclusion: Iodine deficiency and hypothyroidism since fetal period could affect NO level in rat brain. Different parts of brain have different sensitivity to ID and hypothyroidism.The changes of NO content in hippocampus may contribute to the learning-memory impairment in ID rats.

To evaluate the global left and right ventricular function and establish the CT reference data of global ventricular function parameters in normal people, 56 normal subjects (male, 28 cases; female, 28 case) were scanned with retrospective ECG gated 64-detector row CT. Ten time-phases in the cardiac cycle were reconstructed and short-axis images were acquired. On the cardiac analysis software, endo-cardium and epi-cardium of left and right ventricle were delineated and global function parameters were calculated. Left and right ventricular end-diastolic volume (LV/RVEDV), end-systolic volume (LV/RVESV), stroke volume (LV/RVSV), and wall mass (LV/RVWM) were significantly greater (P < 0.05) in men than in women, but cardiac output (LV/RVCO) and ejection fraction (LV/RVEF) exhibited no difference in women and men. In man group and woman group, LVWM was greater than RVWM (P < 0.01). LVESV, RVESV and body mass Index (BMI) were shown to have significant negative-correlation; the correlation coefficient = -0.54 and r = -0.53. LV/RVSV, LV/RVEF and BMI were noted to have significant positive-correlation; the correlation coefficients were 0.87/0.97 and 0.69/0.62, respectively. The normal global left and right ventricular functions differ significantly according to gender and body size.
Adult ; Aged ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Ventricles ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reference Values ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke Volume ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods ; Ventricular Function, Left ; physiology ; Ventricular Function, Right ; physiology

To determine the clinical value of 64-slice computed tomography angiography (CTA) in the evaluation of vessel before and after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, we retrospectively collected the coronary artery imaging data of 46 patients undergoing 64 slice CT before CABG surgery in the period from July 2006 to May 2007, and we evaluated 14 patients with 39 coronary grafts in the same period to determine the diagnostic accuracy of CTA before and after CABG surgery. In 46 patients, 64-slice CT enabled the visualization of the entire coronary tree with diagnostic image quality. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the detection of stenosis > or = 50% were 92.11%, 95.64%, 94.97%, respectively. In 14 patients with 39 coronary grafts, 35 (35/39, 89.74%) bypass grafts were found to be of no stenosis; low degree of restenosis was found in 4 (4/39, 10.26%) bypass grafts, and no graft was found to have high degree of restenosis. So we concluded that, with the use of 64-slice CTA, we can accurately evaluate the degree of stenosis of vessel before and after CABG surgery.
Aged ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Artery Disease ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods

BACKGROUND:Posterior atlantoaxial pedicle screw rod internal fixation is the main method for treating atlantoaxial dislocation,and the horizontal crosslink plays an important role in the antirotation ability of the internal fixation system.The new horizontal screw-screw crosslink can effectively overcome the disadvantages of traditional horizontal crosslink,such as inconvenient installation,impact on bone grafting bed,and potential spinal cord injury.However,the biomechanical properties of the new horizontal screw-screw crosslink with different installation modes are still unclear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the biomechanical characteristics of new different installation modes of horizontal screw-screw crosslink in the C1-C2 pedicle screw-rod fixation and to provide a theoretical basis for optimal installation mode. METHODS:Six fresh human occipitocervical specimens were divided into the intact state group(group A),and the atlantoaxial instability model of type Ⅱ odontoid fracture was established based on the intact state group as the instability group(group B).The C1-C2 pedicle screw-rod fixation was performed on each specimen based on the instability group(group C).In group C,different installation modes of horizontal screw-screw crosslink were successively installed in each specimen,including upper transverse connection(two atlas screw tails)as group D,lower transverse connection(two axis screw tails)as group E,diagonal transverse connection(upper left and lower right for group F,lower left and upper right for group G),and cross transverse connection as group H.The specimen models were tested in order of flexion,extension,lateral flexion and lateral rotation on a three-dimensional motion machine,and the atlantoaxial range of motion of each group of specimens was obtained.Repeated measure analysis of variance was used to evaluate the biomechanical properties of each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Under six states,the range of motion of groups A,C,D,E,F,G and H was smaller than that of group B,and there were statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).(2)In the flexion and extension states,there was no significant difference among the five types of horizontal screw-screw crosslink groups(P＞0.05).(3)In the left and right rotation directions,there were significant differences in D and E groups compared with F,G and H groups(P＜0.05);there were no significant differences between D and E groups,and F and G groups(P＞0.05),and there were no significant differences in F and G groups compared with H group(P＞0.05).(4)In conclusion,under flexion-extension states,the biomechanical stability of five types of horizontal screw-screw crosslink groups was similar,but under the rotation state,the stability of diagonal horizontal screw-screw crosslink group and cross horizontal screw-screw crosslink group was obviously better than that of transverse horizontal screw-screw crosslink group;however,the stability of diagonal horizontal screw-screw crosslink group is similar to the cross horizontal screw-screw crosslink group,so the former is more worthy of clinical recommendation.

Objective To explore the effect of ginsenoside Rd on regulatory T cells (Tregs) /helper T cell 17 (Th17) imbalance in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice models.Methods Fifty-four female C57BL/6 mice,aged 6-8 weeks,were randomly divided into ginsenoside Rd group,phosphate buffered saline (PBS) group and blank-control group (n=18).The EAE mice models in the first two groups were induced by classical Mog35-55 peptide immunoinduction method;ginsenoside Rd of 40 mg/ (kg·d) was dissolved in PBS and intraperitoneally injected into the mice daily in the ginsenoside Rd group on 13th d of immunization;the mice in the PBS group and control group were intraperitoneally injected with same dose of PBS.Daily clinical symptom scale scores were obtained from the first d to the 20th d of immunization,and the lumbar spinal cords of the mice were taken for histological evaluation (inflammation scale and demyelinating scale) after the last symptom scale.On the 20th d of immunization,the spleens of each group were taken for cultivation;splenocytes were cultured in vitro for 48 h,and the culture supematant was taken for detecting interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-17 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA);the proportions of Tregs and Thl7 in spleen tissues were detected by flow cytometry;real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the mRNA expressions of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1),Janus kinase 2 (JAK2),signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 (STA T3),retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear receptors γt (ROR-γt) and forkhead gene p3 (Foxp3) in the lumbar spinal cords of mice in each group.Results (1) The clinical symptom scale scores and inflammation scale scores of ginsenoside Rd group were significantly lower than those of PBS group (P＜0.05);there were a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration and loss of myelin in the lumbar spinal cord of PBS group,while the loss of myelin sheath in ginsenoside Rd group was obviously decreased as compared with that in PBS group;the demyelination scale scores between the two groups showed statistical differences (P＜0.05).(2) As compared with those in the PBS group,the IL-10 level was significantly increased and the IL-17 level was significantly decreased in the splenocyte culture supernatant of ginsenoside Rd group (P＜0.05).(3) As compared with the PBS group,the ginsenoside Rd group had significantly decreased proportion of CD4+IL-17+ cells and significantly increased proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells in the spleen (P＜0.05).(4) As compared with those in the PBS group,the mRNA expression levels of JAK1,JAK2,STA T3 and ROR-γt were significantly decreased,and Foxp3 mRNA expression level was significantly increased in the lumbar spinal cords of the ginsenoside Rd group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Ginsenoside Rd can improve the condition of EAE mice models by altering the expressions of Foxp3/RORγt/STAT3 signaling pathway molecules related to differentiation of Tregs/Th 17,increasing the IL-10 level and Tregs ratio,and decreasing the IL-17 level and Th 17 ratio.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the semen quality of the donors.

METHODSThe semen parameters of the primary samples of 512 donors were examined following the World Health Organization (WHO) guide and computer-aided sperm analysis (CASA, product by Harmilton Thorne) system.

RESULTSOf the 246 (246/512, 48%) donors with potential fertility, only 146 (146/512, 28.5%) came up to the semen standard set by the Chinese Ministry of Health, while 266 (266/512, 52%) were below the WHO reference values of semen parameters.

CONCLUSIONRepeat semen analyses may increase the success rate in screening semen donors. The semen quality of the donors suggests that it is necessary to pay more attention to male reproductive health.

Adult ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Reference Values ; Semen ; physiology ; Sperm Banks ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility ; Tissue Donors

OBJECTIVETo observe sperm motion parameters in pre-freeze and post-thaw semen samples using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system.

METHODSSemen analyses of 238 samples before freezing and after thawing were separately performed by Hamilton-Thorne Sperm Analyzer.

RESULTSSperm motility in post-thaw samples was significantly decreased. There was significant correlation and difference between pre-freeze and post-thaw samples in sperm motion parameters, including average path velocity (VAP), straight line velocity (VSL), curvilinear velocity (VCL), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH), straightness (STR) and linearity (LIN), except heat cross frequency (BCF). The percentage of sperm movement velocity parameters (VAP, VSL and VCL) and moving pattern parameters (ALH) significantly decreased, while that of LIN and STR significantly increased in post-thaw samples.

CONCLUSIONCASA system is of clinically applied value and is a useful tool for evaluating sperm motion parameters in pre-freeze and post-thaw semen samples.

Cryopreservation ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Freezing ; Humans ; Male ; Sperm Motility

Objective To analyze the core functional component groups(CFCG)in Yinchenhao Decoction(YCHD)and their possible pathways for treating hepatic fibrosis based on network pharmacology.Methods PPI data were extracted from DisGeNET,Genecards,CMGRN and PTHGRN to construct a weighted network using Cytoscape 3.9.1.The data of the chemical components in YCHD were obtained from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP),and the potential active components and targets were selected using PreADMET Web server and SwissTargetPrediction.A fusion model was constructed to obtain the functional effect space and evaluate the effective proteins to identify the CFCG followed by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses for all the targets.In cultured human hepatic stellate cells(LX-2 cells),the cytotoxicity of different compounds in YCHD was tested using CCK-8 assay;the effects of these compounds on collagen α1(Col1a1)mRNA expression and the pathways in 20 ng/mL TGF-β1-stimulated cells were analyzed using RT-qPCR and Western blotting.Results A total of 1005 pathogenic genes,226 potential active components and 1529 potential targets in YCHD and 52 potential targets of CFCG were obtained.Benzyl acetate,vanillic acid,clorius,polydatin,lauric acid and ferulic acid were selected for CCK-8 verification,and they all showed minimal cytotoxicity below the concentration of 200 μmol/L.Clorius,polydatin,lauric acid and ferulic acid all effectively inhibited TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cell activation.At the concentration of 200 μmol/L,all these 4 components inhibited PI3K,p-PI3K,AKT,p-AKT,ERK,p-ERK,P38 MAPK and p-P38 MAPK expressions in TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cells.Conclusion The therapeutic effect of YCHD on hepatic fibrosis is probably mediated by its core functional components including benzyl acetate,vanillic acid,clorius,polydatin,lauric acid and ferulic acid,which inhibit the PI3K-AKT and MAPK pathways in hepatic stellate cells.