1.Expression and potential application of histone deacetylase in prostate cancer
Qilai LONG ; Rui LIN ; Yuanfeng YANG ; Yanjun ZHU ; Zhengwang ZHANG ; Jianming GUO
Chinese Journal of Urology 2011;32(9):603-606
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) in prostate cancer.Methodshe pathological samples of 37 cases of PCa were collected. The mean age of the patients was 73 (53 - 88 ) years, the preoperative t-PSA was 81.69 ( 3.13 - 2000 ) ng/ml, Gleason score: 13 cases were ≤7, 24 cases were >7. Twenty-seven cases of BPH were set as controls. The mean age of the BPH patients was 69 (52 - 84) years, the preoperative t-PSA was 10.93 ( 1.11 - 55.07 ) ng/ml.Western blotting and colorimetric Assay kits were used to determine the HDAC expression and activity. The difference of HDAC activity in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer was statistically analyzed.The correlation of the HDAC expression level and values of PSA and Gleason score was also assessed.ResultsHDACs were over-expressed in most cases of prostate cancer, the expression rates were HDAC1 :57%, HDAC2: 68%, HDAC3: 84% and HDAC4: 73%, respectively. The HDAC activity (P <0.05)was significantly different between the prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia groups. The expression level of HDAC did not correlate with the values of PSA and Gleason score.ConclusionsHDAC was highly expressed and strongly active in prostate cancer. The results suggest that HDAC might be a potential target for the management of prostate cancer patients.
2.Determination of melamine and its conjugates in calcium oxalate stones by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Xinyu WANG ; Qilai LONG ; Luning WANG ; Liujin MA ; Jiani XU ; Ting LIU ; Yifei WANG ; Feifei HUANG ; Jianming GUO ; Bo CHEN ; Liang CHEN
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2022;34(8):820-824
ObjectiveTo establish a method of two-times second derivative Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for identifying melamine (MEL) and its conjugates with cyanuric acid (MEL-CYA) or with uric acid (MEL-UA) in human urinary calculi. MethodsMEL, MEL-CYA and MEL-UA were added to calcium oxalate stone samples, and then analyzed by two-times second derivative FTIR for identifying the characteristic response bands of MEL and its conjugates in stones as well as confirming the ratio of detection. ResultsThe second derivative FTIR could improve the detection of MEL in CaOx stones by two orders of magnitude. When CaOx being mixed with MEL (MEL∶ CaOx), the two-times second derivative FTIR showed the characteristic peak at 1 548 cm-1 and the minimum mass ratio of detection at 1∶100 (1%). When CaOx being mixed with MEL-CYA complex (MEL-CYA∶ CaOx), the two-times second derivative FTIR showed the characteristic peak on 1 740 cm-1 and 1 538 cm-1 and the minimum mass ratio of detection at 1∶500 (0.2%). When CaOx being mixed with MEL-UA complex (MEL-UA∶ CaOx), the two-times second derivative FTIR showed the characteristic peak at 1 117, 982 and 710 cm-1 and the minimum mass ratio of detection at 1∶250 (0.4%).ConclusionCompare to the original spectra, the two-times second derivative FTIR can improve the detection ratio MEL in the CaOx stones from 0.2% to 1.0%. The second derivative FTIR has the unique characteristic bands and sensitive detection limit for identifying MEL in kidney stones.