Objective: To observe the efficacy of ambroxol hydrochloride in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods: From January 2015 to December 2017, 84 patients with COPD exacerbation in Zhuji Central Hospital were selected and randomly divided into two groups according to the digital table, with 42 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine therapy, the observation group was treated with ambroxol hydrochloride on the basis of routine treatment.The course of treatment in both two groups was 14 days.The clinical efficacy, clinical symptom disappearance time, pulmonary function index, inflammation index and adverse reaction were compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate in the observation group was 95.24%(40/42), which was higher than that in the control group(78.57%, 33/42), and the difference was statistically significant(χ²=5.126, P<0.05). The disappearance time of cough, wheezing, sputum and dampness in the observation group was (4.01±0.68)d, (3.22±0.60)d, (3.62±1.25)d, (4.16±0.72)d, respectively, which were shorter than those in the control group [(5.32±1.17)d, (4.66±1.12)d, (4.50±1.83)d, (5.10±1.06)d](t=6.274, 7.345, 2.573, 4.754, all P<0.05). After treatment, the forced expiratory volume, oxygen partial pressure, carbon dioxide partial pressure, C-reactive protein, neutrophil count and total white blood cell count in the observation group were (0.99±0.32)L, (71.36±7.61)mmHg, (42.28±4.39)mmHg, (8.71±2.46)mg/L, (6.40±3.19)×10⁹/L, (6.11±3.28)×10⁹/L, respectively, which in the control group were (0.80±0.20)L, (65.28±7.29)mmHg, (48.40±6.00)mmHg, (13.60±4.50)mg/L, (11.45±5.27)×10⁹/L, (7.81±3.82)×10⁹/L, respectively, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(t=3.263, 3.739, 5.335, 6.179, 5.313, 2.188, all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusion Ambroxol hydrochloride can shorten the time of disappearance of clinical symptoms, improve the clinical efficacy and improve the pulmonary function and inflammation related indicators in the exacerbation period of COPD.

Objective To investigate the influence of portal hypertension (PHT) on the postoperative complications after hepatectomy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Clinical data of 152 HCC patients undergoing hepatectomy in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from March 2003 to October 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the PHT and non-PHT groups. There were 76 patients in the PHT group including 62 males and 14 females, with a mean age of (49±11) years. There were 76 patients in the non-PHT group including 66 males and 10 females, with a mean age of (49±12) years. The informed consents of all patients were obtained and the local ethical committee approval had been received. After hospitalization, all patients received routine examination. The incidence of postoperative complications in two groups was observed and the independent risk factors for postoperative complications were evaluated. Normally distributed data were compared using t test. Non-normally distributed data were compared using Z test. The comparison of rate was conducted using Chi-square test. Independent risk factors for the incidence of postoperative complications were analyzed by Logistic multivariate regression test. Results The incidence of postoperative complications was 42%(32/76) and the liver function-related complications was 36% (27/76) in the PHT group, and were 20% (15/76), 16% (12/76) respectively in the non-PHT group, significant difference was observed between two groups (χ2=8.901, 7.760;P<0.05). No signiifcant difference was observed in the percentage of patients with grade I-II complications between PHT group [75%(24/32)] and non-PHT group [73%(11/15)] (χ2=0.015, P>0.05). No significant difference was observed in the 90-day mortality between PHT group [7%(5/76)] and non-PHT group [3%(2/76)] (χ2=0.599, P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that PHT complication (OR=3.376, 95%CI:1.564-7.287, P<0.05) and number of tumors>2 (OR=1.984, 95%CI:1.248-3.154, P<0.05) were the independent risk factors for postoperative complications. PHT complication (OR=3.231, 95%CI:1.431-7.298, P<0.05), number of tumors>2 (OR=1.832, 95%CI:1.137-2.952, P<0.05) and intraoperative transfusion > 400 ml (OR=2.776, 95%CI: 1.123-6.864, P<0.05) were the independent risk factors for liver function-related complications. Conclusions PHT can increase the incidences of postoperative complications and liver function-related complications after hepatectomy in HCC patients and is the independent risk factor for both complications. However, PHT will not increase the severity of postoperative complications or postoperative mortality.