Objective To analyze the brain structure changes of the first-episode obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients who were scanned by three-dimensional structure magnetic resonance imaging.Methods According to the diagnostic criteria of OCD in American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ),the fist-episode obsessive compulsive disorder patients as case group(OCD,n=26) and the adult healthy volunteers as control group (control group,n=25) were selected.All subjects were assessed with Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale(Y-BOCS),Hamilton Anxiety rating Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD),and then,they received 3D-MRI scanning runs.All the data was processed with freesurfer software and analyzed about cerebral cortical volume,cortical thickness,cortical surface area,the local gyrification index and subcortical nuclei volume.Results Compared with control group,the cerebral cortical thickness of OCD group increased at the left postcentral gyrus ((2.223±0.118)mm),left supramarginal gyrus ((2.486 ± 0.027) mm) and left parahippocampal gyrus ((2.399±0.164)mm).The cerebral cortical surface area larged at the right inferior frontal gyrus((1.036±0.079) mm2),right paracentral lobule ((0.827 ± 0.048) mm2) and medial orbitofrontal ((0.990 ± 0.083)mm2),and decreased at right superior parietal lobule ((0.779 ± 0.040) mm2),right inferior parietal lobule ((0.767±0.093) mm2) and right inferior temporal gyrus ((0.888±0.070) mm2).The cerebral cortical volume increased at the right inferior frontal gyrus((2.330±0.223) mm3).The cerebral cortical local gyrification index decreased at right middle temporal gyrus(2.893±0.288)and left inferior temporal gyrus(2.589±0.100).Conclusion The first-episode OCD patients have multiple changes of brain structures,and this changes were priority for the frontal lobes,orbital frontal,parietal lobe,temporal lobe and hippocampus.The changes in these regions maybe have close relationship with symptoms of OCD.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of gray matter volume in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) patients compared with healthy controls, and to explore the correlation between brain regions with altered gray matter volume and the patients'cognitive function and clinical symptoms. Method Thirty-six patients with first-episode OCD and 35 healthy controls who were matched by age, gender and education level were selected and examined by MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS). The head MRI and the Voxel-based morphometry was used to test the volume of gray matter. The correlation analysis was conducted to analyze the correlation between brain areas with altered gray matter volume and patients'cognitive function and Y-BOCS results. Results Compared with the control group, the OCD group had increased gray matter volume in frontal parietal lobe (postcentral gyrus-L, precentral gyrus-L) (t=4.299, P<0.0005, voxels>100) and temporal-limbic system (fusiform gyrus-L, superior temporal gyrus-L, medial temporal lobe-L, parahippocampal gyrus-L) (t=4.841, P<0.0005, voxels> 100). Meanwhile, the volume of gray matter decreased in bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus (t=-4.181, P<0.0005, voxels>100). In the case group, there were a positive correlation between the volume of gray matter in the temporal lobo-limbic system and social cognition score (r=0.347,P=0.038) and a positive correlation between the volume of gray matter in the anterior cingulate gyrus and obsessions score (r=0.416,P=0.012). Conclusion Patients with OCD have abnormal gray matter volume in a wide range of brain regions, including the frontal parietal lobe, the temporal-limbic system, and bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus, among which the volume of gray matter in the temporal-limbic system is correlated with social cognition, and gray matter volume in the anterior cingulate gyrus is correlated with obsessions.