Objective Cardiac muscle cells play a critical role in maintaining normal function of the heart.Cardiotrophin-1(CT-1),a potent cardiac survival factor,is capable of inhibiting apoptosis or promoting survival in cardiomyocytes.To elucidate the mechanism of CT-1 promoting cardiac myocyte survival in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.To explore the potential signaling pathway that might be responsible for this effect.Methods We examined the cardiac myocyte survival effect of CT-1 in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.The cardiomyocytes were stained [3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiaziazol-2-yl)-2-5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide,MTT] and the counted.Results The survival rate of cardiac myocytes was increased by CT-1 in a dose-dependent manner(10-10～10-7 mol/L) and in a time-dependent manner(1～4 d,10-8 mol/L) in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.Pretreatment of PD098059(5?10-5mol/L),a MAPK blocker,decreased significantly survival rate of cardiac myocytes by promoted CT-1.The phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA)(10-5mol/L),a PKC activator,increased significantly this effect of CT-1,but inhibited significantly by MAPK blocker PD098059.Conclusion CT-1 is a potent factor of promoting cardiac myocyte survival,and increase significantly survival rate of cardiac myocytes in a dose-dependentand a time-dependent manner in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.The MAPK signaling pathway mediates CT-1 induced cardiac myocyte survival.PKC signaling molecule may be a upstream signaling transduction pathway which cascades of MAPK in CT-1 induced cardiac myocyte survival.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of imatinib mesylate as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor on the biological activity of and Wnt/β-catenin pathway in Hs294T melanoma cells.MethodsAfter Hs294T cells were incubated with imatinib mesylate at various concentrations(4,8,10,16,20 and 24 μmol/L) for 24 hours or imatinib mesylate at 10 μmol/L for 24,48 and 72 hours,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was performed to estimate the proliferation of cells and to determine the effects of imatinib mesylate on the proliferation of Hs294T cells.Then,Hs294T cells were treated with imatinib mesylate at 10 μmol/L or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for different durations,followed by the detection of cell apoptosis with flow cytometry,localization of β-catenin with annexin V/propidium iodide-double staining and laser confocal microscopy,quantification of β-catenin and cyclin D1 protein with Western blot,and measurement of LEF1 and C-myc mRNA expression with real time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR.Matrigel invasion assay was performed to evaluate the invasiveness of Hs294T cells after treatment with imatinib mesylate at 5 μmol/L or DMSO for 24 hours.ResultsImatinib mesylate at 4-10 μmol/L elicited a dose-dependent decline in the proliferation of Hs294T cells (F =125.3,P ＜ 0.05),and imatinib mesylate at 10 μmol/L induced a time-dependent decrease from 24 to 72 hours(F =714.6,P ＜ 0.01 ).The percentage of early and late apoptotic cells was markedly increased,while the invasiveness was decreased by about 48％(P ＜ 0.01 ),together with a downregulation in the expression of LEF1,C-myc and Cyclin D1 in imatinib mesylate-treated Hs294T cells compared with the DMSO-treated cells.No obvious changes were observed in the protein expression of β-catenin,but a decline in the nuclear localization of β-catenin was noted in Hs294T cells after being treated with imatinib mesylate.ConclusionImatinib mesylate may suppress the proliferation and invasion of,but promote the apoptosis in,melanoma cells,by downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

To investigate theological properties of common hydrophilic gel excipients such as Carbopol based on viscosity, the viscosity was determined by rotation method and falling-ball method. Linear regression was made between ln(eta) and concentration, the slope of which was used to explore the relation between viscosity and concentration of different excipients. The viscosity flow active energy (E(eta)) was calculated according to Arrhenius equation and was used to investigate the relation between viscosity and temperature of different excipients. The results showed that viscosities measured by two methods were consistent. Concentration of guargum (GG) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) solution had a great influence on the viscosity, k > 5; while concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone-K30 (PVP-K30) and polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) exerted a less effect on viscosity, k < 0.2; viscosity flow active energy of different excipients were close, which ranged from 30 to 40 kJ x mol(-1). Therefore, theological properties study could provide the basis for application of excipients and establish a foundation for the research of relation between excipients structure, property and function.

Scientific and rigorous selection of theories,models or frameworks is the premise of high-quality nursing research.This work introduces the development process,basic information,application in nursing of T-CaST(Theory Comparison and Selection Tool,T-CaST),and shows the specific application process of this tool through examples,to provide evaluation methods for nursing scholars to choose appropriate guiding theories in the research process,and has guiding significance for developing high-quality nursing research under the guidance of theories,models or frameworks.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance (FI) in patients with abdominal trauma and construct a risk prediction model.Methods:This was a retrospective study. General and clinical data such as Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHEⅡ), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Injury Severity Score (ISS), and Acute Gastrointestinal Injury (AGI) of patients with abdominal trauma and enteral nutrition admitted to Department of Emergency Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2021 to January 2023 were collected by means of medical record inquiry. Patients were divided into FI group and non-FI group according to whether FI occurred within three days after receiving enteral nutrition. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of FI in patients with abdominal injury and to construct the related risk prediction model. The diagnostic value of the prediction model was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.Results:A total of 101 research objects were included, including 30 patients with enteral nutrition FI and 71 patients without enteral nutrition FI. The multivariate Logistic regression results analysis showed that injury severity score, acute gastrointestinal injury grading, and hypoalbuminemia were the influencing factors of enteral nutrition FI in patients with abdominal injury ( P<0.05). A risk prediction model for enteral nutrition FI in patients with abdominal injury was constructed based on the above factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the predictive model was 0.856, with a sensitivity of 0.833, a specificity of 0.732, a Jordan index of 0.565, and an optimal critical value of 0.265. Conclusions:The constructed risk prediction model for enteral nutrition FI in patients with abdominal injury has good predictive performance, which can provide a reference for medical staff to predict the risk of enteral nutrition FI in patients with abdominal injury.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]level and diabetic kidney disease(DKD)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 174 T2DM patients admitted to Jiashan County Second People's Hospital from May 2019 to May 2021 were selected and divided into normal albuminuria(NUAlb)group(<30 mg/g,n=71),microalbuminuria(MUAlb)group(30～300 mg/g,n=85)and large albuminuria(LUAlb)group(≥300 mg/g,n=18)according to the urine albumin-creatinine ratio(UACR)level.The levels of 25(OH)D in each group and its relationship with UACR were analyzed.Results The age,DM duration,use of ACEI or ARBs,SBP,DBP,FPG,SUA,proportion of 25(OH)D<30 nmol/L and UACR in NUAlb,MUAlb,LUAlb graup increased in turn(P<0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that UACR in T2DM patients was positively correlated with gender,age,DM duration,BMI,SBP,DBP,FPG,HbA1c,TG,and SUA(P<0.05),and negatively correlated with HDL-C and 25(OH)D(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,SBP,HbA1c,SUA,and 25(OH)D were influencing factors for albuminuria in T2DM patients.Conclusions T2DM patients have 25(OH)D shortage,especially in DKD patients.25(OH)D deficiency is closely related to proteinuria in T2DM patients.

Objective:To understand the serotype distribution, drug resistance and molecular characterization of invasive non-typhoid Salmonella (iNTS) in Guangdong Province from 2018 to 2022 and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of blood flow infection caused by Salmonella. Methods:Serological identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and whole genome sequencing were performed on Salmonella isolated from blood and stool samples in Guangdong from 2018 to 2022. Simultaneously, annotated the sequencing results for drug resistance genes and virulence factors by a microbial gene annotation system. Results:The 136 iNTS strains were divided into 25 serotypes, and Salmonella enteritidis accounted for 38.24% (52/136). The OR of other iNTS serotypes were calculated with Salmonella typhimurium as the control. The OR values of Oreninburg, Rysson, and Pomona serotypes were the highest, which were 423.50, 352.92, and 211.75, respectively. The drug resistance rate of iNTS was 0.74%-66.91%, which was lower than that of non-iNTS (3.90%-77.21%). The main iNTS of drug resistance were ampicillin and tetracycline, with resistance rates of 66.91% (91/136) and 50.00% (68/136), respectively, while the resistance rates to ciprofloxacin (5.88%,8/136), ceftazidime (5.88%,8/136), gentamicin (5.13%,7/136) and cefoxitin (0.74%, 1/136) were relatively low. iNTS carried a variety of drug-resistance genes and virulence factors, but no standard virulence factor distribution has been found. MLST cluster analysis showed that iNTS was divided into 26 sequence types, and ST11 accounted for 38.24% (52/136). Conclusions:The iNTS strains in Guangdong were dominated by Salmonella enteritidis, of which three serotypes, Oreninburg, Rison, and Pomona, may be associated with a higher risk of invasive infection during 2018 to 2022 . iNTS was sensitive to clinical first-line therapeutic drugs (cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones), with highly diverse sequences and clear phylogenetic branches. ST11 was the local dominant clone group.