Objective To validate the efficiency of 27-plex single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) multiplex system for ancestry inference. Methods The 27-plex SNP system was validated for its sensitivity and species specificity. A total of 533 samples were collected from African, Southern Chinese Han, China's ethic minorities (Yi, Hui, Miao, Tibet, and Uygur), European, Central Asian, Western Asian, Southern Asian, Southeast Asian and South American populations for clustering analysis of the genotypes by citing 3 representative continental ancestral groups [East Asia (CHB), Europe (CEU), and Africa (YRI)] from HapMap database. Results The system sensitivity is 0.125 ng. Twenty and six genotypes were detected in chimpanzee and monkeys, respectively. Except in rs10496971, no more products were found in other animals. The system was capable of differentiating intercontinental populations but not of distinguishing between East Asian and Southeast Asian population or between Southern Chinese Han population and Chinese Ethnic populations (Hui, Miao, Yi and Tibet). This system achieved a 100%accuracy for intercontinental population source inference for 46 blind test samples. Conclusion 27-plex SNPs multiplex system has a high sensitivity and species specificity and can correctly differentiate the ancestry origins of individuals from African, European and East Asian for criminal case investigation. But this system is not capable of distinguishing subpopulation groups and more specific ancestry-informative markers are needed to improve its recognition of Southeast Asian and Chinese ethnic populations.

Objective To systematically evaluate and integrate qualitative research related to the psychological experiences and perceptions of body image in bum patients.The goal is to provide a reference basis for developing targeted intervention measures in clinical practice.Methods The databases of CNKI,Wanfang,VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database,China Biomedical Literature Service System,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Medline,Cochrane Library,PsycINFO,and Scopus were applied in our study.Relevant qualitative studies on the body image experience of burn patients from the establishment of the databases until December 2022 were collected.The quality of the included literature was assessed using the 2016 edition of the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)Centre for Evidence-based Health Care in Australia,and the results of the literature were integrated using aggregative integration.Results A total of 12 pieces of literature were included,from which 40 research findings were extracted.These findings were ultimately summarized into 4 integrated results:diverse traumatic perceptions of body image changes faced by burn patients,active exploration and negative coping strategies towards body image changes faced by burn patients,emotional information needs and post-traumatic growth.Conclusion Burn patients experience various body image issues that hinder their return to normal life.It is crucial for healthcare professionals to timely attend to the physical and mental well-being of the patients,identify body image disorders,assist families in meeting emotional needs,support patients in self-adjustment,and promote positive outcomes.

Objective To validate the efficiency of 27-plex single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) multiplex system for ancestry inference. Methods The 27-plex SNP system was validated for its sensitivity and species specificity. A total of 533 samples were collected from African, Southern Chinese Han, China's ethic minorities (Yi, Hui, Miao, Tibet, and Uygur), European, Central Asian, Western Asian, Southern Asian, Southeast Asian and South American populations for clustering analysis of the genotypes by citing 3 representative continental ancestral groups [East Asia (CHB), Europe (CEU), and Africa (YRI)] from HapMap database. Results The system sensitivity is 0.125 ng. Twenty and six genotypes were detected in chimpanzee and monkeys, respectively. Except in rs10496971, no more products were found in other animals. The system was capable of differentiating intercontinental populations but not of distinguishing between East Asian and Southeast Asian population or between Southern Chinese Han population and Chinese Ethnic populations (Hui, Miao, Yi and Tibet). This system achieved a 100%accuracy for intercontinental population source inference for 46 blind test samples. Conclusion 27-plex SNPs multiplex system has a high sensitivity and species specificity and can correctly differentiate the ancestry origins of individuals from African, European and East Asian for criminal case investigation. But this system is not capable of distinguishing subpopulation groups and more specific ancestry-informative markers are needed to improve its recognition of Southeast Asian and Chinese ethnic populations.

Osteocytes are the most abundant and long-lived cells in bone,serving as primary regulators of bone remodeling.Besides playing critical roles in endocrine regulation and calcium-phosphate metabolism,osteocytes are primary responders to mechanical stimuli,perceiving and responding to these stimuli directly and indirectly.The process of mechanotransduction in osteocytes is a complex and finely tuned regulation involving interactions between the cell and its surrounding environment,neighboring cells,and various mechanosensors within the cells with distinct functions.The known major mechanosensors in osteocytes include primary cilia,Piezo ion channels,integrins,extracellular matrix,and connexin-based intercellular junctions.These mechanosensors play crucial roles in osteocytes,perceiving and transducing mechanical signals to regulate bone homeostasis.This review aims to provide a systematic introduction to these five mechanosensors,offering new perspectives and insights into understanding how osteocytes respond to mechanical stimuli and maintain bone tissue homeostasis.

NESCA, a newly discovered signaling adapter protein in the NGF-pathway, contains a RUN domain at its N-terminus. Here we report the crystal structure of the NESCA RUN domain determined at 2.0-Å resolution. The overall fold of the NESCA RUN domain comprises nine helices, resembling the RUN domain of RPIPx and the RUN1 domain of Rab6IP1. However, compared to the other RUN domains, the RUN domain of NESCA has significantly different surface electrostatic distributions at the putative GTPase-interacting interface. We demonstrate that the RUN domain of NESCA can bind H-Ras, a downstream signaling molecule of TrkA, with high affinity. Moreover, NESCA RUN can directly interact with TrkA. These results provide new insights into how NESCA participates in the NGF-TrkA signaling pathway.
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nerve Growth Factor ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Oncogene Protein p21(ras) ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Receptor, trkA ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid ; Signal Transduction ; rab GTP-Binding Proteins ; chemistry

Objective To translate The Pressure Ulcer Risk Primary or Secondary Evaluation Tool (PURPOSE-T) into Chinese,and assess its reliability and validity in Chinese hospitalized patients. Methods The original PURPOSE-T was translated into Chinese and back translated and modified for cultural adaptation according to guidelines.The reliability and validity of the Chinese version of PURPOSE-T were tested in 230 hospitalized patients. Results The Chinese version of PURPOSE-T consists of three parts and contains 25 entries. The inter-rater consistency Kappa coefficient was 0.798, the weighted Kappa coefficient was 0.843. The evaluation results were compared with binary variables with a Kappa coefficient of 0.745. The test-retest reliability Kappa coefficient and the weighted Kappa coefficient were 0.863 and 0.892. Two classified assessment Kappa coefficient was 0.857. The item content validity index ranged from 0.83 to 1.00, and the scale content validity index was 0.98. The phi correlation coefficient of PURPOSE-T and Braden scale was 0.781; the phi correlation coefficient of Waterlow Scale evaluation result was 0.777. The correlation coefficient between Chinese PURPOSE-T items and Braden scale items ranged from 0.605 to 0.877 (P<0.01), and the Waterlow Scale items ranged from 0.599 to 0.887 (P<0.01). Conclusions The Chinese version of PURPOSE-T appears to possess adequate validity, test-retest reliability and internal consistency. The newly translated Chinese version of PURPOSE-T may be used to assess the risk of pressure injury in inpatients in China.

Objective To explore the effect of the treadmill exercise intervention on the behavior function and the concentration of dopamine in the striatum of the rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation quiet (Control) group,sham-operation+Exercise (Control + Ex) group,6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) quiet (PD) group,and 6-OHDA+Exercise (PD + Ex) group.PD and PD + Ex groups were injected 6-OH-DA into the right medial forebrain bundle to establish the unilateral PD rat model,while the sham operation groups were injected the same amount of physiological saline at the same site.On the 7th days after modeling,the rats were subcutaneously injected Apo morphine for rotational behavior test to exclude those not meeting the requirements for the PD model.One week after the operation,the exercise group started treadmill training at the speed of 11 m/min,30 min/day and 5 days/week,for a total of four weeks.The locomotor activity of PD rats was evaluated using the open field test.The DA concentration in striatum was detected using micro dialysis high performance liquid chromatography and electrochemistry.The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase positive fiber in the striatum was assessed using the immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with the Control group,significant decrease was observed in the moving distance of PD and PD + Ex groups (P＜0.01),while significant increase was found of PD + Ex group compared with PD group after 3 and 4weeks of training (P＜0.01).Compared with the Control group,DA concentration in the striatal decreased significantly in PD and PD + Ex groups,but that of PD + Ex group increased significantly after 3 and 4weeks' training compared with the PD group (P＜0.01).Conclusion There is a highly positive correlation between the total moving distance and the DA concentration in the striatum of PD rats.The moving distance and the DA concentration both have changed "sequentially" with the prolongation of 6-OHDA and exercise intervention.The exercise intervention can reduce the DA loss of the striatum and improve the locomotor function of PD rats.It is presumed that the mechanism may be related to the neuroprotective effect of exercise,which can reduce the damage of 6-OHDA neurotoxin to DA neurons and promote their survival.

In recent years,with the rapid development of the Next Generation Sequencing,the tumor heterogeneity has attracted widespread attention.It has been clear that heterogeneity in the same patient includes inter-tumor heterogeneity and intra-tumor heterogeneity.The former exists between different tumor lesions,such as primary tumor and metastatic tumor,and the latter occurs in different cancer cells.Tumor heterogeneity represents the ongoing challenge in the field of cancer treatment and brings great difficulty for the precision medicine.Therefore,it is possible to achieve accurate diagnosis and therapy for tumor patients by detecting the subclone of tumors and adjusting the treatment plan in time.

Objective·To analyze the differences and classify hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM)patients and healthy controls(HC)using short-axis cine cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR)images-derived radiomics features.Methods·One hundred HCM subjects were included,and fifty HC were randomly selected at 2∶1 ratio during January 2018 to December 2021 in the Department of Cardiology,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.The CMR examinations were performed by experienced radiologists on these subjects.CVI 42 post-processing software was used to obtain left ventricular morphology and function measurements,including left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV)and left ventricular end-diastolic mass(LVEDM).The 3D radiomic features of the end-diastolic myocardial region were extracted from short-axis images CMR cine.The distribution of the radiomic features in the two groups was analysed and machine learning models were constructed to classify the two groups.Results·One hundred and seven 3D radiomic features were selected and extracted.After exclusion of highly correlated features,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)was used,and a 5-fold cross-validation was performed.There were still 11 characteristics with non-zero coefficients.The K-best method was used to decide the top 8 features for subsequent analysis.Among them,four features were significantly different between the two groups(all P<0.05).Support vector machine(SVM)and random forest(RF)models were constructed to discriminate the two groups.The results showed that the maximum area under the curve(AUC)for the single-feature model(first order grayscale:entropy)was 0.833(95%CI 0.685?0.968)and the maximum accuracy for the multi-feature model was 83.3%with an AUC of 0.882(95%CI 0.705?0.980).Conclusion·There are significant differences in both left ventricular function and left ventricular morphology between HCM and HC.The 3D myocardial radiomic features of the two groups are also significantly different.Although single feature is able to distinguish the two groups,the combination of multi-features show better classification performance.

Objective:To construct an evaluation indicator system for the effectiveness of health education in patients with implanted ports, and to provide a theoretical basis for assessing the outcomes of health education in this patient population.Methods:Based on the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) theory, a preliminary framework for the health education indicator system was constructed through literature review and semi-structured interviews. The Delphi method was employed to revise and refine the indices, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to calculate the weight of each indicator.Results:The effective response rates for the two rounds of Delphi consultation questionnaires were 100.00% (22/22) and 90.91% (20/22), respectively. The expert authority coefficients were 0.925 and 0.918, respectively. The coordination coefficients of expert opinions for the first and second-level indicators in the second round of expert consultation were 0.194 and 0.333, respectively. The final evaluation indicator system for health education effectiveness in patients with implanted ports included 3 first-level indicators and 36 second-level indicators.Conclusions:The constructed evaluation indicator system for health education effectiveness in patients with implanted ports is scientific and reliable and facilitates the accurate assessment of health education outcomes in this patient population.