Objective To discuss features of laparosco pi c cholecystectomy (LC) in children. Methods A total of 54 chi ldren underwent LC from October 1992 to December 2003. The operations were carri ed out after the creation of a CO2 pneumoperitoneum at the flow rate

Objective To explore the feasibility of building tissue engineered cartilage by bone marrow stromal cells and pbotografting modified copolymers of 3-hydroxybutymte and 3-hydroxyvalerate.Methods Sheep BMSCs were seeded in three-dimensional photografting modified PHBV scaffoids.Twenty-four hours later.composites were cultured with ehondrogenically inductive medium(DMEM)containing TGF-B(10 ng/m1),IGF-1(150 ng/m1)and 20% fetal bovine serum.Three weeks later,the constructs were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and light microscopy with alcian blue,safrine 0 and type Ⅱ collage immunohistochemical staining.GAG contents of constructs were determined by DMB(1,9-dimethylmethylene blue)binding assay at weekly intervals up to 3 weeks.The composites were implanted subcutaneously in sheep abedoml and were evaluated macroscopically and bistologically at 4 weeks postoperatively.Results SEM photograph showed.after one week culture,cell morphology changed from fibroblast-like elongated spindle to the flat rounded like chondrocytes,and the extra cellular matrix also increased obviousl~.Furthmore,with the culture time extension,this change were more evident.HE staining showed that cells filled all the inter-connected pores in the constructs.And more cells were observed in the outer layer of the constructs.ECM(extraeellular matrix)Was strongly positive by Aleian blue,Safrine O staining and type Ⅱ collage immunohistechemical staining.DMB binding assay revealed that the induced BMSCs GAG secretion(1306.7±192.3)wag significantly higher than BMSCs(205.0±26.2)(P<0.001),but it was significantly lower than passage 2 ehondrocytes(1969.2±235.3)(P<0.001).Saltine O and type Ⅱ collage immunohistochemical staining were positive in constructs implanted subcutaneously.Conclusion Tissue engineered cartilage could be obtained using BMSCs and photografting modified PHBV,but there are still gaps physiologically between the constructs and the nature cartilage.

Objective To investigate the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in tumor microenvironment of natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) and its relationship with clinical characteristics and prognosis. Methods From January 2005 to December 2012, 93 patients with NKTCL and available paraffin-embedded tissue in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were included. The expression or IL-6 in tumor microenvironment was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The positive IL-6 expression was identified as≥10 cells/HP. The enumeration data and measurement data were compared by t test andχ2 test, respectively. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Survival rates were compared by the Log-rank test. Statistical significance was determined at a level of P<0.05. Results The median count of IL-6 positive cell number was 21 cells/HPF (range, 0-150 cells/HP), and 61.29%(57/93) patients were positive. Positive IL-6 expression was mostly associated with fever and high Korean prognostic index (KPI) score (both P< 0.05). The serum c-reactive protein (CRP) level was (29.28 ± 2.62) mg/L in IL-6 positive patients and (11.14±2.77) mg/L in IL-6 negative patients (t= -2.276, P= 0.025). Patients with negative IL-6 expression had better survival, with 52.7 % of 5-year PFS rate,and 60.0 % of 5-year OS rate; the 5-year PFS and OS rates in those with IL-6 positive were 23.6 % and 27.1 %, respectively (both P= 0.001). Conclusion The high expression of IL-6 in patients with NKTCL might be associated with adverse clinical feature and poor survival.