Inflammasome is a multi-protein complex which plays an important role in innate immune defense,and can adjust the activation of caspase-1 and promote the production of cytokines. NLRP3 is an important member of inflammasome Nod-like receptor(NLR)family,and its activation and expression occur mainly in macrophages and dendritic cells. NLRP3 can sense the pathogen associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)and damage associated molecular patterns(DAMPs)and initiate the inherent immune response,which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This article reviewed the advances in study on NLRP3 in autoimmune diseases.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects as well as adverse durgs reactions of chemotherapy involving oxaliplatin in treatment of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).METHODS:28patients with advanced NPC underwent chemotherapy with5-Fu,tetrahydrofolic acid calcium,and oxaliplatin for21days as one cycle,the therapeutic effects were evaluated after two cycles.Meanwhile the retrospective comparative study was made between the chemotherapy and the regular chemotherapy with5-Fu,tetrahydrofolic acid calcium,and platinum.RESULTS:Similar effects were observed in both regimens.How?ever,there were great differences in incidence ofⅢandⅣgrade nausea and vomiting,as well as renal function indices(P

Objective The study systematically reviewed the therapeutic effect of the Kidney-Nourishing therapy on aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss (AIBL).Methods The databases CNKI, CBM, VIP, Medline and the Cochrane Library were searched. Cochrane collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias was adopted to assess the quality of trials. The Revman 5.3 software was used for the analysis on the outcome index such as bone minernal density and the level of serum estradiol.Results Meta-analysis was conducted on 11 randomly controlled clinical trials. All 11 studies were concducted in China, and the quality of researches was low. Meta-analysis revealed that the decrement of bone mineral density in the group receiving kidney-nourishing herbs was significantly smaller than that in the control group(P<0.001), theMD was -0.070, 95%CI was (-0.087, -0.053), but there was no significant difference between two groups in the outcome of the serum estradiol level (P=0.159), theMD was -2.622, 95%CIwas(-6.273, 1.030).Conclusion Kidney- Nourishing herbs can delay the process of aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss, but may not influence the serum estrogen level.

Aim To investigate the antitumor and antiangiogenic effects of combined low-dose cyclophosphamide(CTX)and recombined VEGF protein vaccine.Methods In this experiment,H22 hepatocellular carcinoma model was established in BALB/c mice.Mice were randomly divided into four groups: control group,CTX group(CTX),VEGF protein vaccine group(V2)and CTX plus V2 group(CTX+V2).The anti-tumor efficacy and antiangiogenic effect were investigated using a subcutaneous tumor model and an intradermal tumor model.Western blot and ELISAwere further adopted to detect the specific anti-VEGF antibody.Results CTX+V2 group displayed a lower tumor volume and tumor weight than either the single therapy group in the subcutaneous tumor model(P<005 vs V2,P<001 vs CTX).Meanwhile,CTX+V2 was more effective for antagonizing tumor-associated angiogenesis compared with either the single therapy(P<005 vs V2,P<001 vs CTX).After CTX+V2 immunization,high titer of anti-VEGF antibody was detected by ELISA and verified by Western blot.Conclusion The therapy of CTX combined with V2 has significant synergistic effect against H22 hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The real mechanism of systemic sclerosis is still not clear, it is found clinically that there are psychological stress factors of different forms before the attack.OBJECTIVE: To deeply investigate the psychosocial factors in patients with systemic sclerosis, and primarily analyze the role of psychological stress factors by comparing with national norms and controls as well as combining with clinical immunological test.DESIGN: A controlled observation.SETTING: The experiments were carried out in the Department of Geriatrics, the First Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Zhejiang University and the Department of Surgery, Hangzhou Tongji Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Between December 2002 and September 2005. 26 patients with systemic sclerosis (systemic sclerosis group), who received thoracic duct lymph drainage therapy, and 30 inpatients with chronic gastritis(control group) were selected from the same disease area of the Department of Internal Medicine, the First Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University.METHODS: All the patients filled the general information inventory, the contents included were age, gender, main symptoms, disease course, special examination, diagnosis and drug therapy. The psychosocial scale was used to evaluate the psychosocial factors. Life event scale (LES) was used to assess the life events stress, including profession, learning, marriage and love, family and child, economics, justice, interpersonal relationship and other common life events. The simplified coping style questionnaire (SCSQ)was applied to assess the coping styles, including 8 main components: confrontation, indifference, self-control, seeking help, self-blame, escape, planning and reassessment, and then the habitual coping styles were divided into negative ones and positive ones. The Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ) was used to evaluate the personality characters, it consisted of4 subscales: extraversion-introversion scale, neuroticism scale, psychoticism scale, lie and cover up scale. The fasting blood samples (3 mL) were drawn from the patients to detect serum levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin A (IgA) immunoglobulin M (IgM) and complement C3 with immunoturbidimetry, and the correlations between IgG and other factors were analyzed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The evaluative results of psychosocial scale and results of clinical immunological detection were mainly observed.RESULTS: All the 56 patients finished the scale survey and immunological detection, and all were involved in the analysis of results. The total number of life events, number of negative events and LEU value of negative events in LES were all significantly greater in the systemic sclerosis group than in the control group. For the coping style, the dimension of positive coping was less but that of negative coping was more in the systemic sclerosis group than in the control group. For EPQ, the scores of extraversion-introversion were lower but the scores of neuroticism in both males and females in the systemic sclerosis group were higher than in the control group and norms. For the immunological detection, the levels of lgG, lgA and lgM were all higher in the systemic sclerosis group than in the control group, but C3 level had insignificant difference between the two groups.IgG had negative correlations with the number of negative events, dimension of negative coping and the score of extraversion-introversion in EPQ.CONCLUSION: Patients with systemic sclerosis have obvious psychological stress, negative coping style, unstable mood and abnormal humoral immune function. Psychosocial stress has influence on immunology, it is indicated that psychological stress is closely correlated with the attack of systemic sclerosis.

Objective To study the auditory processing abilities of children with learning difficulty and deter-mine the proportion of the children with auditory processing disorder.Methods A single factor completely random-ized experimental design was used.Seventeen children with learning difficulties and 31 normal children from grade 2 to grade 4 in Beijing were induded in this study.The abilities of low-pass filtered speech,competing sentences,di-chotic digits and frequency patterns were tested through auditory processing disorder screening test software.Results There were significant differences in the abilities of listening sentences and digits in competitive environment and recognizing frequency patterns between children with learning difficulty and without.The auditory processing ability of children with learning difficulties was obviously poorer than normal children.The incidence of auditory processing disorder among the children with learning difficulties was 41.176%~58.824%.Conclusion The auditory process-ing ability in the competitive environment of children with learning difficulties was obviously poorer and they need in-tervention specifically.

Objective To observe the effects of individual prehabilitation on the functional outcome six weeks after total knee arthroplas-ty (TKA). Methods The patients undergoing TKA from March, 2013 to August, 2015 were randomly divided into prehabilitation group (n=30) and control group (n=29). The prehabilitation group received individual rehabilitation since enrolled in the study. The control group re-ceived no prehabilitation. All the patients received regular pre-surgical education, surgery and post-surgical rehabilitation. Both groups were evaluated with Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) of pain, active range of motion (AROM), Manual Muscle Test (MMT), fall index, TimedUp and Go(TUG), and Hospital for Special Surgery-Knee Scale (HSS-KS). Results The scores of NRS reduced six weeks after TKA (t>2.342, P<0.05) in both groups, and was lower in the prehabilitation group than in the control group before and six weeks after TKA (t>2.827, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in AROM of knee flexion when enrolling and before TKA in both groups (t<0.648, P>0.05), and it increased in the control group six weeks after TKA (t>3.555, P<0.01), and no increasement was found in the prehabilitation group (t<1.608, P>0.05);the AROM of knee extension increased before TKA in the control group (Z=-2.257, P=0.024), and no increasement was found in the prehabilitation group (Z=0, P=1.000), and it decreased six weeks after TKA in both groups (Z>2.247, P<0.05). The muscle strength of trunk extention and flexion enhanced before TKA in the prehabilitation group (t>2.387, P<0.05), and no change was found in the control group (t<0.940, P>0.05). The muscle strength of trunk extensor and the upside of rectus abdominis showed no statistical difference between two groups six weeks after TKA (t<1.656, P>0.05), the muscle strength of the downside of rectus abdominis and external oblique was more in the prehabilitation group than in the control group (t=2.585, P=0.013). There was no significant difference in the fall index be-fore TKA (t<0.350, P>0.05), and it was lower in the prehabilitation group than in the control group six weeks after TKA (t=-2.837, P=0.007). The time of TUG shortened before TKA in the prehabilitation group (t=3.554, P=0.002), and it prolonged in the control group (t=-4.507, P<0.001), there was no significant difference in it between two groups six weeks after TKA (t=-0.497, P=0.622). The score of HSS-KS increased before TKA (t=-2.621, P=0.015) in the prehabilitation group, and no increasement was found in the control group (t=2.073, P=0.053), and they were higher in the prehabilitation group than in the control group before and six weeks after TKA (t>2.092, P<0.05). Conclusion Individual prehabilitation could reduce pain, and improve the trunk muscles, the ability of walking and the function of the knee before and six weeks after TKA.

Objective To investigate the possibility of hair follicle reformation induced by hair follicle bulb cells implanted into collagen/chitosan porous scaffolds in vivo, and to observe the angiogenesis in implanted scaffolds.Methods Hair follicle bulb cells obtained by enzyme digestion from the hack skin of C57BL/6J mice were implanted into collagen/chitosan porous scaffolds followed by 2-week organotypie culture.Then,these collagen/chitosan porous scaffolds were transplanted subcutaneously into the dorsal skin of nude mice.Those nude mice transplanted with empty collagen/chitosan porous scaffolds served as the controls.The growth of hair was observed with naked eyes.Six weeks after the transplantation,skin samples were obtained from the recipient site and subjected to histological examination.Results Five weeks after the transplantation,hair growth was observed in the dorsal skin of nude mice.Six weeks later,histological examination revealed fully differentiated hair follicles and vessel-like structures in the center of collagen/chitosan porous scaffolds.However,the transplantation with empty collagen/chitosan porous scaffolds failed to elicit the same response.No hair or follicles were observed in the control mice alpng with small number of vessel-1ike structures.Con-clusions Hair follicle bulb ceils implanted into collagen/chitosan porous scaffolds in vivo could induce hair follicle reformation and promote the formation of vessel-like structure in the scafffold center.

5.0mg/L were randomly divided into LMWH treatment group and low molecular dextran treatment group with 20 patients in each group.The patients in LMWH group were treated with 0.3ml LMWH subcutaneous injection in abdominal wall in every 12h for 1-4 d.The patients in low molecular dextran group were treated with 500ml low molecular dextran plus 20ml danshen root,intervenous drop infusion for 1-7d.Results The D-Dimer blood serum level in the gestational late period was significantly higher than that of nongravida group(P

Objective:To explore the implementation method of case teaching in pharmacology teaching according to the standards of golden course.Methods:The students from Batch 2017 clinical medical students in our university were selected as the research objects, and randomized into the control group ( n=121) and the case teaching group ( n=171). The control group used online learning and traditional lecture, and the case teaching group adopted the online teaching and case teaching methods. And the teaching effect was evaluated by questionnaire survey and final performance analysis. Results:Compared with control group, the case teaching group had better final performance ( P<0.01). The questionnaire survey showed that the case teaching improved the learning interest of students and also enhanced their application ability of the knowledge ( P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion:Case teaching has achieved good teaching effect in pharmacology teaching.