OBJECTIVE:To study the inhibition effect of spinosin on 7 subtypes (CYP2B6,CYP2C8,CYP2C9,CYP2D6, CYP1A1,CYP2C19 and CYP3A4)of cytochrome P450(CYP450)enzymes from human liver microsomes in vitro. METHODS:Tak-ing 200.00,100.00,50.00,25.00,12.50,6.25,3.13,1.56,0.78,0.39 μmol/L spinosin and human liver microsomes for incuba-tion,using daktarin,bupropion,amodiaquine hydrochloride,diclofenac sodium,mephenytoin,dextromethorphan hydrobromide and midazolam as the specific probe drugs for above-mentioned 7 subtypes of CYP450 enzymes. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was conducted to detect generation amount of 7 probe drug metabolites,and the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) of spinosin on 7 subtypes of CYP450 enzymes from human liver microsomes was calculated. RESULTS:IC50 of spinosin on 7 subtypes of CYP450 enzymes from human liver microsomes were 1714,1158,226.1,2288,80.59,101.1,1119 μmol/L,respectively,which were higher than 50μmol/L. CONCLUSIONS:Spinosin has no inhibition effect on above-mentioned 7 subtypes of CYP450 enzymes from human liver microsomes,with very low probability of inducing metabolic drug interactions.

Objective:To study the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) activity and its clinical characteristics in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Methods:From January 2016 to August 2017, patients with HFRS who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were routinely tested by EBV serology, and were divided into two groups according to their presence or absence of EBV infection, namely EBV active group and non-EBV active group. The clinical data between the two groups were compared and analyzed by SPSS 18.0.Results:A total of 188 HFRS patients were enrolled, including 73 cases in EBV active group and 115 cases in non-EBV active group. The EBV active rate of HFRS patients was 38.83% (73/188). The incidences of lumbago [57.53% (42/73) vs 42.61% (49/115)], abdominal pain [42.47% (31/73) vs 20.00% (23/115)], skin and mucosa congestion [57.53% (42/73) vs 39.13% (45/115)], and conjunctiva edema [50.68% (37/73) vs 28.70% (33/115)] in EBV active group were significantly higher than those in non-EBV active group (χ 2 = 3.983, 11.008, 6.083, 9.239, P < 0.05). There were 10, 7 and 43 patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) stage 1, 2 and 3 in EBV active group and 5, 13 and 53 patients in non-EBV active group. Degree of AKI in EBV active group was higher than that in non-EBV active group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 12.615, P < 0.05). In EBV active group, the proportion of patients whose renal function recovery over 15 days [23.29% (17/73)] and white blood cell count [11.26 (3.39 ~ 54.23) × 10 9/L] were significantly higher than those in non-EBV active group [6.96% (8/115), 10.03 (2.91 ~ 66.99) × 10 9/L], and the differences were statistically significant (χ 2 = 10.330, Z = - 2.003, P < 0.05). Conclusion:HFRS patients may cause latent EBV activity, complicate their clinical features, cause severe renal damage and prolong the recovery time of renal function.