Retinal macrophages and (or) microglial cells play important roles in regulating inflammation,angiogenesis and tissue repairing,thus affect the development and prognosis of ischemic retinal disease,ocular immune diseases and ocular tumors.Reversing the polarization imbalance of these cells may provide new therapeutic strategies for ischemic retinal disease and ocular immune diseases.The duality of the polarization direction of these cells is still controversial in the inflammatory reaction and pathological angiogenesis of ischemic retinal disease.Meanwhile,the plasticity and diversity of the function need to be further studied and discussed.

0.05), while clinical control rate of the treatment group was better than the control group (P

Drug metabolism determines several pharmacological and toxicological properties of pharmaceuticals and is catalyzed by drug metabolizing enzymes. Predicting of drug metabolism in humans based on animal experiments is complicated by species differences in the catalytic properties of these enzymes. This review describes and evaluates the use of recombinant models that contain human drug metabolizing enzymes to facilitate the prediction of pharmacokinetical properties of candidate drugs in humans.

The 2 arylpropionic acid derivatives, or "profens", are an important group of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Widely used members of this group include ibuprofen, naproxen, flurbiprofen, and etodolac. Most of these drugs were marketed as racemates, however the individual enantiomers differ in their pharmacological activity, mechanism and toxicity. This drug class is widely focused because of its various biologic properties that affect their clinical use. This review will demonstrate enantioselective pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of "profens".

Objective:To construct and evaluate T7 phage display cDNA library from synovium of rheumatoid arthritis patients.Methods:Total RNA was extracted from pooled RA synovium by Trizol reagents.Messenger RNA was isolated from total RNA by oligo (dT)-conjugated Oligotex particles,and then,the agarose gel electrophoresis showed the range of mRNA size.After mRNA was reverse-transcribed into double-stranded cDNA,end modification,adaptors ligation and EcoR Ⅰ and Hind Ⅲ digestion were performed.After eliminating excess adaptors and small fragments(less than 300 bp),the cDNA was ligated into T7Select 10-3 vector.The RA synovium phage display cDNA library was constructed by package reaction in vitro and plate proliferation.Plaque assay and PCR were used to evaluate the library.Results:We showed that complexity of the library was about 2?107,and the phage titer of the amplified library was 8.9?10 10 pfu/ml.Insert ratio was proved to be 90% with the range of 300-2 000 bp inserts.Meanwhile,a target cDNA gene of BiPwas probed with PCR amplification.Conclusion:The phage display cDNA library from synovium was construted with high quality and can be used as a valuable source in screening of RA self-antigens.

Objective To investigate the sensitivity and specificity of anti ? fodrin polypeptide antibody in Sjgren′s syndrome (SS) patients.Methods Synthesized ? fodrin polypeptide was used as substrate in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect the specific antibody in sera of SS and other rheumatic diseases.Results Antibody against ? fodrin polypeptide were detected in 73% of patients with primary SS,40% of patients with secondary SS,19 5% of patients with SLE,29 5% of patients with RA,and 3 8% of normal blood donors.The positive rates of ? fodrin polypeptide antibody in primary and secondary SS (73% and 40%,respectively) were significantly higer than those in SLE,RA and normal controls ( P

Objective To investigate the onset and risk factors of the transient ischemic attack of vertebrobasilar artery vertige in old patients. Methods Patients were divided into group A, group B, group C based on attack times of vertige and whether cerebral thrombosis was formed within half a year. Blood biochemistry index, blood pressure variation, carotid ultrasonic examination results in the first 24 hours were compared. Results High sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP), blood sugar(BS), cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), common carotid artery resistance of group A index(CCARI), internal carotid artery resistance index(ICARI) and atherosis plaque index in the first 24 hours were significantly lower than those of group C (P0.05). Logistic regression indicated that hs-CRP, DBP, BS, TC, CCARI, ICARI and plaque index were correlated with risk factors of the transient ischemic attack of vertebrobasilar artery vertige and cerebral thrombosis in old patients. Conclusion hs-CRP, SBP, BS, TC, CCARI, ICARI and plaque index elevation might be an early warning index for the unstability and easy drop of the carotid's plaque.

With the research progress of pathogenesis of JAK gene in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), more tyrosine kinase inhibitors were developed. MPN quantify scoring system is used to determine the efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitors for MPN. The choice of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, tyrosine kinase for the relief of MPN symptom burden, etc, become the topics of the 57th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting.

Objective To investigate the unquanlified screening results of blood donors′ infectious markers in this center ,de-velop a scientific blood screening policy and provide a basis for assessing the efficiency of blood screening reagent .Methods un-quanlified screening results of blood donors′ infectious markers in this center were analyzed from July 2014 to June 2015 ,and the distribution of detection reagents were also detected .Results 120 756 samples were detected in Chongqing blood center ;among 2 854 cases of unquanlified samples ,there were 768 cases of ELISA + /NAT + ,38 cases of NAT + /ELISA - 3 (111 cases NAT were i-dentified as HBV) ;unqualified specimens of anti-TP ,HBsAg ,anti-HIV ,anti-HCV were 895 ,1 012 ,276 and 444 cases respectively ;Double ELISA reagent unqualified rate were 78 .6% ,77 .3% ,30 .8% ,26 .1% respectively .The main unqualified results of NAT were HBV ,the blood donors that were reactive in only HBsAg single reagent of ELISA also reactive for HBV in differential NAT . Conclusion On the condition that comply with laws and operations specification ,the blood screening strategy of selecting once ELISA and once NAT rationally is feasible .

In order to make a report on 90 cases of insomnia treated by the Wei-defensive qi-regulating and brain-strengthening needling technique,as a clinical subject of the multiple center,for assessing the preliminary standardized indications and operating methods and making an initial summary for writing the draft of the technique operation.Methods:By ratio of 1:1,the patients in conformity with the criteria were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group.In the experimental group,45 cases were treated with the Wei-defensive qi-regulating and brain-strengthening needling technique on Baihui (GV 20),Dazhui(GV 14),Shenmai(BL 62),Zhaohai(KI 6),plus ear points.In the control group,45 cases were treated with routine acupuncture on Sishencong(Ex-HN 1),Shenmen (HT 7),Sanyinjiao(SP 6),etc.The therapeutic effects in the two groups were observed and assessed in comparison.Results:The results showed cure in 15 cases.remarkable effect in 27 cases,effect in 42 cases,failure in 6 cases,and the total eriective rate in 94.4% in 90 cases of insomnia.In the three centers,the statistic management was performed based upon PSQI integral and showed significant difference(P＜0.01),and no significant difference among various groups(P＞0.01).Conclusion:The therapeutic effect in the treatment of insomnia by Wei-defensive qi-regulating and brain-strengthening needling technique is better than the control group and the therapeutic effect and methods in various centers are stable.without any deviation.