As a vital part of laboratory examination, morphological evaluation and identification play an important role in clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis assessment. Traditional morphological image analysis mainly relies on manual microscopy, and missed diagnosis and misuse are unavoidable by the human readout method. The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology provides a new solution for morphological image analysis. The purpose of this review is to introduce the application of AI in the field of morphological image recognition and the progress of clinical research related to morphological image examination.