Objective　To illustrate risk factors for epithe lial ovarian cancer. Methods　An 1∶2 matched hospital-based ca s e-control study was conducted between 1997 and 1998 in Nantong and Lianyungang city, Jiangsu. The study included 103 pathologically confirmed primary epithel ial ovarian cancer cases and 206 controls. Results　Single-fac tor conditional logistic regression analysis showed that parity, late age of men arche, long breast feeding duration and high body mass index(BMI) were protect ive factors for the disease, while intrauterine device(IUD) use, IUD use duratio n, family history of gynecological malignant tumors and hair dyeing were risk fa c tors for epithelial ovarian cancer. Parity, hair dyeing, IUD use, breast feeding and occupation entered multiple-factor regression model. Conclusions　The result tends to support Fathalla's theory of incessant ovulation and n o difference was found in risk factors between epithelial ovarian cancer and ova rian malignant tumor.

Objective microRNA (miRNA) are a class of small molecule non-coding single-stranded RNA,and about 22 nucleotides (nt);lncRNA is a class of non-coding RNA long chain that longer than 200 nt,both of miRNA and lncRNA can regulate many kinds of genes' expression under different levels.This paper reviewed relationship of miRNA/lncRNAexpression level and depressive disorder,and to explore theirpredictive effects of antidepressantpharmacodynamics.Methods By retrieving literature in database of PubMed,ScienceDirect in February,March 2015 using microRNA,lncRNA,depressive disorder,antidepressants,biological markers as searching words and (depressive disorder OR antidepressant) and all field:miRNA/lncRNA as index strategy,based on literature retrieving,we acquired 87 articles and totally enrolled 50 close related articles as reviewing materials by literature screening.Results Existing studies suggested that miRNA and lncRNA may be involved in pathophysiology of depression,and miRNA may play a key role in antidepressant treatment.miRNA or lncRNA as biomarkers may be associated with depression.Conclusion Researches on miRNA or lncRNA shed light on pathological mechanism of depressive disorder and antidepressantpharmacodynamics.miRNAcan function in synaptic plasticity,sensitivity of stress reaction,production of neuron and brain-derived neurotropic factor,recovery of neural function after antidepressant treatment,while lncRNA has regulatory effects on chromosome remodeling,histone modification,Transcriptioninterference andactivation.

Objective To study the correlation of pregnancy -induced hypertension in the case of indexing syndrome and pregnancy outcome,and to explore their clinical applicability.Methods 30 cases of birth mothers with pregnancy -induced hypertension were selected.According to the severity of hypertension,the patients were divided into the severe pregnancy -induced hypertension group,the moderate pregnancy -induced hypertension and the mild gestational hypertension group.The different levels of pregnancy -induced hypertension maternal outcome indicators, and different maternal outcomes in the two groups were analyzed and compared.Results Preterm birth (58.3%), cesarean section (66.7%),gestational age (33.6 ±2.8)weeks,baby weight (2 330.3 ±652.3)g of pregnancy -in-duced hypertension group were significantly higher than moderate pregnancy -induced hypertension group[18.2%, 18.2%,(36.6 ±3.7)weeks and (2 892.6 ±761.4)g],the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =3.884 5,χ2 =5.490 0,t =2.204 8,t =1.907 1,all P <0.05).The eclampsia (41.7%),postpartum hemorrhage (58.36%), acute renal failure (41.7%)of pregnancy -induced hypertension group were significantly less than the moderate (9.1%,18.2%,9.1%),mild maternal gestational hypertension group (0.0%,14.3%,0.0%),the differences were statistically significant(χ2 =3.158 6,χ2 =3.884 5,χ2 =3.158 6,all P <0.05).Those of moderate maternal gestational hypertension group were significantly higher than the mild gestational hypertension group,the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusion Pregnancy -induced hypertension syndrome has significant effect on pregnancy outcomes,the severity degree of pregnancy -induced hypertension is positively correlated with pregnancy outcomes,so early prevention of pregnancy -induced hypertension can increase overall maternal prognosis.

Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a powerful high-throughput experimental technique that allows rapid, quantitative analysis of global gene expression in eukaryotic organisms. A short sequence taq (10~14 bp),which is defined by an anchoring enzyme site at a fixed distance from polyA tail, contains sufficient information to iden-tify mRNA transcript from which it originates. The taqs are ligated to obtain concatemers that are cloned into a plasmid vector for sequencing. The identification and abundance of mRNA can be observed through bioinformatics and statistical analysis of a given tag. SAGE is not only applied in obtaining global profile of gene expression in a given cell or tissue, but also help identify a set of specific genes to the cellular conditions by comparing the profiles constructed for a pair of cells that are kept at different conditions. This review covers a general introduction of SAGE, its protocol, meth-odological evolution and applications in parasite biology.

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is an emerging new biomedical imaging technique integrated with the high spatial resolution of ultrasonic imaging and high contrast of optical imaging for real-time molecular imaging.PAI is well-suited for in vivo cellular/molecular signatures imaging in cancer diagnosis, therapy management and treatment response, with a promising potential in clinical and translational medicine.This review summarizes the current state of PAI application research on cancer theranostics, and gives insights on future translational medicine research.

Objective To establish the suspension cell line of Atractylodes lancea and to study the effect of two endophytic fungal elicitors on its essential oil production.Methods The essential oil was extracted by using ultrasonic wave after suspension cell was treated with endophytic fungal elicitors.Then,the determination of four compounds(atractylone,hinesol,?-eudesmol,and atractylodin) was carried out by gas chromatography.Results By testing in various conditions,the suspension cell line with a rapid growth rate was established.Its highest biomass(6.95 g/L) was obtained on day 21.?-Eudesmol was the only detection in the control suspension cell,and its highest content(17.469 ?g/g) was also reached on day 21.The effect of crude elicitors of two endophytic fungi(belong to Cunninghamella sp.and Gilmaniella sp.respectively,named AL4 and AL12) on the cell growth and the production of essentia1 oil were investigated.Overall AL4 elicitor got better effect.When suspension cell of 14-day-old cultures was exposed to AL4 elicitor(carbohydrate 20 mg/L medium) for 7 d,the biomass increased 3.31% over the control,and the four compounds(atractylone: 14.715 ?g/g,hinesol: 28.395 ?g/g,?-eudesmol: 38.794 ?g/g,and atractylodin: 8.310 ?g/g) were all detected.Among them,the content of ?-eudesmol reached 2.22 times as much as the control.Conclusion The cell growth and the accumulation of essential oil of A.lancea could also be promoted by adding crude elicitors of the endophytic fungi AL4 and AL12.

Objective To investigate skin manifestations and comorbidities of chronic arsenicosis due to conta?minated drinking water, and to explore their possible risk factors. Methods Data about demographic characteristics, skin manifestations and comorbidities were collected from 95 patients with chronic arsenicosis due to contaminated drinking water in Inner Mongolia, and retrospectively analyzed. A logistic regression model was established to analyze associations of skin manifestations and comorbidities with patients′ gender, age, age at onset of drinking of arsenic?contaminated water, arsenic concentrations in water and duration of arsenic exposure. Results Among the 95 patients, 77 had hyperpigmentation, 75 hypopigmentation, 93 palmoplantar keratoderma, 27 skin cancer, and 8 multiple skin cancer. Five patients were complicated by tuberculosis, 15 by hypertension, 2 by rheumatoid arthritis, 4 by cerebral infarction, 7 by coronary heart diseases, 3 by internal malignancy, 6 by hepatic cirrhosis and 2 by anemia. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between hyperpigmentation and arsenic concentrations in water(OR=0.32, 95%CI=0.10-0.98;ORadjusted=0.27, 95%CI=0.08-0.90), between occurrence of hepatic cirrhosis and arsenic concentrations in water (OR=24.67, 95%CI=2.69-226.57;ORadjusted=22.51, 95%CI=2.38-213.11), and between occurrence of coronary heart diseases and duration of arsenic exposure(OR=6.41, 95%CI=1.09-37.88;ORadjusted=8.55, 95%CI=1.21-60.41). Conclusions There is a high incidence of aberrant pigment metabolism, palmoplantar keratoderma and skin cancer in patients with chronic arsenicosis due to contaminated drinking water. Different arsenic concentrations in water and duration of arsenic exposure seem to have different influences on the human body.

Objective To investigate the correlation factors for hot flashes in climacteric women so as to improve their quality of life. Methods A questionnaire was distributed among 792 climacteric women. The questionnaire items included general information, characteristics of menstruation, reproduction history, information of hot flashes, lifestyle and sexual life. Weight, height, blood pressure, waist and hip circumferences were measured. Logistic regression analysis was made to find out the correlation factors for hot flashes. Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, education, income, present characteristics of menstruation, dietary habit, soy products intake, physical exercise, satisfaction of sexual life, body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure were significantly associated with hot flashes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that irregular menstruation or menopause, frequent exercise and higher systolic blood pressure were risk factors for hot flashes in climacteric women. However, higher education, soy products intake and satisfaction of sexual life were protection factors. Conclusion Guiding climacteric women to take moderate physical exercise, knowing more about climacterium, consuming more soy products and controlling diastolic blood pressure are likely to decrease the incidence of hot flashes.

Objective To study the effect of the levels of serum gonadal hormone and plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) on the hot flushes symptom of perimenopausal women. Methods 65 perimenopausal women (35 with hot flushes and 30 without hot flushes) and 25 healthy fertile women were enrolled. The subjects were analyzed for serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ,luteinizing hormone (LH) and plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Results. ① There were no significant differences of the E2 levels between the perimenopausal women with and without hot flushes (P>0.05). The levels of FSH and LH were significantly higher in the women with hot flushes than women without hot flushes and fertile women(P<0.05),② The levels of plasma CGRP were significantly higher in the women with hot flushes than women without hot flushes (P<0.05), and significantly lower than fertile women,③The levels of plasma CGRP were significantly higher in severe hot flu-shes group than that in the mild hot flushes group and moderate hot flushes group(P<0.05), the severity of hot flu-shes was positively related to the level of plasma CGRP(rs=0.823, P<0.01), but there was no relationship be-tween serum E2 and the severity of hot flushes (P>0.05). Conclusion The occurrence of perimenopansal hot flu-shes might be closely related to the decline and fluctuation of serum E2,increase of FSH and LH and the concentra-tion variety of plasma CGRP.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of microRNA (miRNA) in peripheral venous blood for depressive disorder.Methods Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to verify expression level of miRNAs in peripheral blood of non-specific mental retardation children,which were aberrantly expressed in depressive disorder patients,and then Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC)curve was employed to confirm the sensitivity and specificity of abnormal miRNA expression in depressive disorder and non-specific mental retardation.Results MiR-1972,miR-26b,miR-4485,miR-4498 and miR-4743 were upregulated significantly in case group of depressive disorder(P＜0.05),meanwhile miR-4485 and miR-4743 in aforementioned 5 miRNAs also upregulated significandy in patients of non-specific mental retardation(P＜0.05),but miR-26b showed no significant difference between case group of non-specific mental retardation and the control group (P＞0.05).The ROC curve of miR-26b in depressive disorder patients and their control group showed that the sensitivity and specificity were 0.609,0.664 respectively,and the area square under the curve was 0.614(P=0.021).The ROC curve of miR-26b in patients of depressive disorder and non-specific mental retardation indicated that the sensitivity and specificity were 0.784 and 0.471,and area square under the curve was 0.643 (P=0.003).Conclusion miR-26b probably have diagnostic value for depressive disorder,which may comorbidity with non-specific mental retardation.But genetic and psychosocial mechanism of comorbidity still needs further exploration.