Objective To investigate effect of mild hypothermia on changes of somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and synaptophysin mRNA level after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and determine hypothermia-induced neuroprotection.Methods Forty-five SD rats were allocated into mild hypothermia group,TBI group and sham operation group with 15 rats per group according to the random number table.Left-side fluid percussion impact was performed to induce models of TBI.Rats were exposed to hypothermia environment (32-35℃) for 6 hours in mild hypothermia group after TBI.Rats in sham operation group were treated by only drilling on left side of the head,rather than hitting.To evaluate function outcome,modified neurological severity score (mNSS),SEP and synaptophysin mRNA level were measured at 6 hours,24 hours and 7 days postinjury.Results The mNSS in mild hypothermia group lowered compared with TBI group,especially at 24 hours and 7 days (P ＜ 0.05).SEP in mild hypothermia group was significantly shortened at 6 and 24 hours compared with TBI group (P ＜ 0.05),but SEP revealed no significant difference among the 3 groups at 7 days (P ＞ 0.05).Level of synaptophysin mRNA in mild hypothermia group increased at 6 hours postinjury compared with TBI group [(0.08 ± 0.02) vs (0.12 ±0.04)],with further increase at 7 days postinjury[(0.06 ± 0.01) vs (0.33 ± 0.10)] (P ＜0.05).Conclusion The shortage of nerve conduction time of the injured side and promotion of nerve regeneration suggest the neuroprotective role of mild hypothermia following TBI.

Objective To investigate the effect of taurine transporter in the process of protection of brain edema in rats with severe traumatic head injury. Methods A total of 24 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Except the control rats (Group Sham), all other three groups were subjected to lateral fluid percussion head injury. The TBI (Traumatic brain injury) models (Group TBI) and surgical control rats (Group Sham) were injected with saline through caudal vein after surgery, while the Taurine prevention and Taurine treatment models (Group Pre Tau and Group Tau) were injected with 120 g/L taurine solution before or after surgeries respectively. Water content in each brain, mRNA and protein expres?sion of aquaporin 4 and taurine transporter in the injured rat brain hemispheres were all evaluated over the time course of the study (7 d) in each group. Results Compared with rats in Group Sham, water content in each brain increase, mRNA tran?scription and protein expression of AQP4 were both up regulated but the mRNA transcription and protein expression of TauT were both down-regulated in rats in TBI group. Compared with rats in TBI group, brain water content, mRNA transcription and protein expression of AQP4 all decrease while mRNA transcription and protein expression of TauT all increase in rats in Pre tau and Tau groups. There is no statistical difference of TauT expression between rats in pre-tau group and Tau group. Conclusion Taurine exert its neuron protection role through draining water content from brain and down regulating expres?sion of AQP4 but rising expression of TauT after TBI.

ObjectiveTo investigate the impacts of neural stem cells (NSCs) transplantation on spinal pathology and ultrastructure after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats and probe into the protective role of tacrolimus (FK506) on neural regeneration.MethodsCompressive SCI at T8 was induced in the adult SD rats,which were randomly assigned to the control group,FK506 group,NSCs group and NSCs + FK506 group.The differences of neural regeneration in each group were compared at days 7,14,28 and 56 after injury by motor evoked potentials ( MEP),HE staining,immunohistochemical staining,ultrastructure observation and image analysis of the myelinated fiber. ResultsThe MEP latency in the NSCs + FK506 group was significantly shorter than that in other groups at day 28 ( P ＜ 0.05 ).HE staining revealed that only local necrosis presented in the NSCs + FK506 group at day 56.More BrdU and NF-200 positive cells were detected with immunohistochemical staining in the other three groups as compared with the control group.Moreover,the positive cells in the NSCs + FK506 group also outnumbered the FK506 group and NSCs group.Electron microscope scan showed edema under the membrane of large myelin sheath in the control group,and classic new myelin sheath and neuraxis in the NSCs + FK506 group at day 56.The regeneration of the nerve fiber in the NSCs + FK506 group was better than that of other three groups (P ＜0.01 ).ConclusionAfter NSCs transplantation for SCI rats,the early combination use of FK506 can improve the pathology and ultrastructure of the regenerative nerve fiber and is conducive to nerve regeneration.

Objective To investigate effect of taurine on respiration chain enzyme activity of mitochondria 24 hours after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats.Methods Fifty-six SD rats were divided into sham group,TBI group,taurine treatment group,and taurine prevention group according to the random number table,with 14 rats per group.Fluid percussion brain injury models were used.Via the caudal vein,normal saline was administered to animals in sham and traumatic brain injury groups immediately after injury,while taurine (200 mg/kg)was administered to animals in taurine treatment group after injury and in taurine prevention group 4 days before injury.Brains were harvested 24 hours postinjury for assays of HE staining and electron microscopy.Mitochondrial respiratory chain complex Ⅰ-Ⅴ activities were detected.Results TBI group presented swelling neurocytes,cell loss,karyopyknosis,shortened even vanished process,and inflammation cell infiltration at the edge of necrosis in HE staining.By contrast,morphological improvement was significant in taurine treatment group but only some neurons were intact in taurine prevention group.Swelling mitochondria and broken or vanished mitochondrial crests were seen in TBI group under the electron microscope.However,normal or minor swelling mitochondria was seen in taurine treatment group and cytoplasm slightly porous and absence of mitochondrial crests were seen in taurine prevention group.Activities of complex Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅴ were significant lower in TBI group (32.52±2.41,4.68 ±0.15,2.49 ±0.73) compared to those in sham group (34.03 ±0.46,5.04 ±0.29,3.20±0.68) and in taurine treatment group (33.95±0.85,5.12-±0.23,3.53 ±0.48) (P＜0.05).And complex Ⅰ in taurine prevention group was significantly enhanced as well (34.44 ± 0.36,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Taurine may protect the brain tissues and mitochondrial structure from impairment in TBI rats by improving mitochondrial enzymes activity and reducing secondary energy loss.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of microRNA (miRNA) in peripheral venous blood for depressive disorder.Methods Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to verify expression level of miRNAs in peripheral blood of non-specific mental retardation children,which were aberrantly expressed in depressive disorder patients,and then Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC)curve was employed to confirm the sensitivity and specificity of abnormal miRNA expression in depressive disorder and non-specific mental retardation.Results MiR-1972,miR-26b,miR-4485,miR-4498 and miR-4743 were upregulated significantly in case group of depressive disorder(P＜0.05),meanwhile miR-4485 and miR-4743 in aforementioned 5 miRNAs also upregulated significandy in patients of non-specific mental retardation(P＜0.05),but miR-26b showed no significant difference between case group of non-specific mental retardation and the control group (P＞0.05).The ROC curve of miR-26b in depressive disorder patients and their control group showed that the sensitivity and specificity were 0.609,0.664 respectively,and the area square under the curve was 0.614(P=0.021).The ROC curve of miR-26b in patients of depressive disorder and non-specific mental retardation indicated that the sensitivity and specificity were 0.784 and 0.471,and area square under the curve was 0.643 (P=0.003).Conclusion miR-26b probably have diagnostic value for depressive disorder,which may comorbidity with non-specific mental retardation.But genetic and psychosocial mechanism of comorbidity still needs further exploration.

Objective:To investigate the clinical application of three-point wiring localization in mandibular angle osteotomy.Methods:A total of 180 patients with mandibular angle long curve osteotomy were selected in Sichuan Friendship Hospital from July 2021 to April 2022, aged 19-45 (mean age 26.0±10.0) years, including 30 males and 150 females. Preoperative bilateral mandible was symmetry as CT showed, and all of them undergo operation of mandibular angle long curve osteotomy by using three-point wiring localization method under tracheal intubation general anesthesia.Results:Bilateral osteotomy bone of mandibular angle was basically symmetrical in all patients, the arc of osteotomy was good, and there were no obvious complications after surgery. The postoperative follow-up was 3-12 months, and all cases had good postoperative face contour and bilateral symmetry.Conclusions:Using three-point wiring localization method at operation of long curve mandibular angle osteotomy can ensure bilateral symmetry, accuracy and safety of the osteotomy.

Objective:To explore a simple and effective clinical method for improving facial sagging while performing maxillofacial contouring surgery.Methods:From October 2020 to October 2021, 50 patients with mandibular angle and malar surgery in the Plastic Surgery Department of Sichuan Friendship Hospital were selected, aged 30-43 years, with the average age of 37 years, including 44 females and 6 males. Maxillofacial contouring surgery was performed under transnasal intubation general anesthesia, the interorgual jaw groove incision was performed with a swing saw for bilateral long arc osteotomy, and the maxillary gingival groove incision and sideburn skin incision were performed for zygomatic osteotomy reduction and zygomatic arch incision. A small incision about 3 mm long was taken 1 cm from the edge of the temporal hair; a special conical cannula stripper was used to perform subcutaneous tunnel peeling to the zygomatic fat pad and masseter muscle ligament, anterior appendage ligament, then a two-way barb line was placed through the casing to lift vertically upwards, pierce above the posterior papillae of the ear, and the excess thread was cut off.Results:Following-up for 3-12 months, all recipients recovered well after surgery, the skin of the middle and lower parts of the postoperative body was lifted to varying degrees, the cheek fat pad was lifted, the jaw contour line was clearer, and the nasolabial fold was significantly improved as compared with that before the operation.Conclusions:At the same time as facial contouring surgery, the use of minimally invasive tunnel separation and lifting technique can effectively improve the skin sagging in the middle and lower parts, and it is simple and effective, and the clinical application effect is good.

Objective:To investigate the application of internal fixation technique using Z-shaped titanium plate during operation of reduction malarplasty.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of patients who underwent reduction malarplasty in Sichuan Friendship Hospital from June 2021 to March 2022. The intraoral maxillary vestibular groove mucosal incision and a small incision at the sideburns were used, and according to the height of the zygomatic body to be lowered before surgery, the zygomatic body was inverted F-shaped osteotomy, so that the zygomatic complex anterior was completely loosened. Zygomatic arch anterior to the temporomandibular joint was osteotomy using reciprocating saws and then push inward. The 3-hole titanium plate was bent into a Z-shape, the length of the middle arm of the Z-shaped titanium plate was the distance that the zygomatic arch needs to push inward, for the asymmetry of the zygomatic arch width on both sides, the length of the middle arm of the Z-shaped titanium plate on both sides can be adjusted and fixed with 2 titanium nails. Adjust the anterior zygomatic body so that the osteotomy line was well aligned and fixed with an L-shaped titanium plate. Selected 20 cases with complete three-dimensional(3D) CT data before and 3 months after surgery by random number table, and measured the vertical distance from the outermost point of the zygomatic arch to the median line based on the 3D CT head up position, and the surgical effect was evaluated. SPSS 25.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data, and the quantitative data conforming to the normal distribution were represented by Mean±SD, and the vertical distance from the outermost point of the zygomatic arch to the median line was compared by paired-sample t-test, P<0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant. Results:A total of 78 zygomatic plastic surgery patients were enrolled, including 18 males and 60 females, aged 19-37 years old, with an average age of 26 years. All patients’ incision had no complications after surgery, followed up for 3-12 months, the width of the zygomatic arch on both sides was significantly reduced, CT showed that the unilateral zygomatic arch was reduced by 3-8 mm, the transition between the zygomatic and temporal regions was smooth, and the zygomatic arch width on both sides was symmetrical. The difference of the vertical distance from the outermost point of the zygomatic arch to the median line was statistically significant between preoperative and postoperative, on the left side of the patient [(66.5±5.2) mm vs. (61.9±3.2) mm] and [(67.4±4.7) mm vs. (62.1±2.7) mm] ( P<0.05) for the right side. There was no significant difference between the left and right sides after surgery ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The Z-shaped titanium plate internal fixation technique can better control the zygomatic arch internal push distance in reduction malarplasty, and a symmetrical and gentle facial morphology can be obtained after surgery.

Objective:To investigate the application of internal fixation technique using Z-shaped titanium plate during operation of reduction malarplasty.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of patients who underwent reduction malarplasty in Sichuan Friendship Hospital from June 2021 to March 2022. The intraoral maxillary vestibular groove mucosal incision and a small incision at the sideburns were used, and according to the height of the zygomatic body to be lowered before surgery, the zygomatic body was inverted F-shaped osteotomy, so that the zygomatic complex anterior was completely loosened. Zygomatic arch anterior to the temporomandibular joint was osteotomy using reciprocating saws and then push inward. The 3-hole titanium plate was bent into a Z-shape, the length of the middle arm of the Z-shaped titanium plate was the distance that the zygomatic arch needs to push inward, for the asymmetry of the zygomatic arch width on both sides, the length of the middle arm of the Z-shaped titanium plate on both sides can be adjusted and fixed with 2 titanium nails. Adjust the anterior zygomatic body so that the osteotomy line was well aligned and fixed with an L-shaped titanium plate. Selected 20 cases with complete three-dimensional(3D) CT data before and 3 months after surgery by random number table, and measured the vertical distance from the outermost point of the zygomatic arch to the median line based on the 3D CT head up position, and the surgical effect was evaluated. SPSS 25.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data, and the quantitative data conforming to the normal distribution were represented by Mean±SD, and the vertical distance from the outermost point of the zygomatic arch to the median line was compared by paired-sample t-test, P<0.05 indicates that the difference is statistically significant. Results:A total of 78 zygomatic plastic surgery patients were enrolled, including 18 males and 60 females, aged 19-37 years old, with an average age of 26 years. All patients’ incision had no complications after surgery, followed up for 3-12 months, the width of the zygomatic arch on both sides was significantly reduced, CT showed that the unilateral zygomatic arch was reduced by 3-8 mm, the transition between the zygomatic and temporal regions was smooth, and the zygomatic arch width on both sides was symmetrical. The difference of the vertical distance from the outermost point of the zygomatic arch to the median line was statistically significant between preoperative and postoperative, on the left side of the patient [(66.5±5.2) mm vs. (61.9±3.2) mm] and [(67.4±4.7) mm vs. (62.1±2.7) mm] ( P<0.05) for the right side. There was no significant difference between the left and right sides after surgery ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The Z-shaped titanium plate internal fixation technique can better control the zygomatic arch internal push distance in reduction malarplasty, and a symmetrical and gentle facial morphology can be obtained after surgery.

OBJECTIVE To identify differentially expressed microRNA (miRNA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of anxiety patients and predict their target genes and function by bioinformatics analysis. METHODS The miRNA expression profiles were determined using an Affymetrix array. To validate the results, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis in a larger cohort was employed. The targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted by Target Scan, miRBD, and DIANA-microT-CDS, and the results were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis using FunNet. RESULTS MicroRNA microarray chip analysis has identified 7 miRNAs were detected with significant changes in expression in PBMCs of anxiety patients. qRT-PCR analysis has confirmed that the expression levels of 5 miRNAs (has-miR-4484, has-miR-4505, has-miR-4674, has-miR-501-3p and has-miR-663) were up-regulated. Intersecting the genes by Target Scan, miRBD, and DIANA-microT-CDS has predicted 195 targets. GO analysis showed that biological processes regulated by the predicted target genes have included diverse terms. Some terms, e.g., nervous system development, nerve growth factor receptor signaling pathway, neuron migration, dendrite development, regulation of neuron projection development, midbrain development, regulation of excitatory postsynaptic membrane potential, gliogenesis, dendrite morphogenesis, etc. have direct relationship with the central nervous system and brain functions. Pathway analysis showed that a significant enrichment in several pathways related to neuronal brain functions such as glutamatergic synapse, axon guidance, calcium signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, GnRH signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, gap junction, long-term potentiation and VEGF signaling pathway, etc. Among the five microRNAs, has-miR-4484, has-miR-4505, has-miR-4674 and has-miR-501-3p may have more important regulatory functions. CONCLUSION Five miRNAs (has-miR-4484, has-miR-4505, has-miR-4674, has-miR-501-3p and has-miR-663) are up-regulated in PBMCs of anxiety patients and may be closely involved in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorder.
Anxiety Disorders ; genetics ; Computational Biology ; methods ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; analysis ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction