Self-adaptive interference canceller based on LMS algorithm is an excellent filter which can adjust system parameter automatically. With good robustness, it can be applied to every signal abstraction and data treatment, especially bioelectric signals. By this algorithm, both the power frequency interference and baseline shift, for example, the ones of ECG signals, can be successfully eliminated.

Objective To investigate the correlation between muscle strength level and bone mineral density and bone metabolism indexes in postmenopausal women in Beijing.Methods Postmenopausal women who were investi-gated by on-site questionnaires and followed by bone mineral density examination in Beijing from September 2017 to May 2018 were recruited as study subjects.They were divided into early menopausal group,middle menopausal group,late menopausal group,and twilight menopausal group according to the years of menopause.Changes in grip strength,5 times sit-to-stand test(FTSST)with bone mineral density(BMD)and bone metabolism indexes were observed in the four groups and their correlations were analyzed.Results A total of 815 cases of postmenopausal women were included.At different menopausal stages,muscle strength was all found to decrease with the increase of menopausal years(P＜0.05),there was non-significance of different bone metabolism indexes among the four groups(P＞0.05);Femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD decreased with the increase of menopausal years(P＜0.05).Maximum grip strength was positively correlated with both femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD(R=0.158,P＜0.05;R=0.130,P＜0.05).There was no correlation between muscle strength and bone metabo-lism indexes(P＜0.05).Conclusions Different bone metabolism indexes are not associated with muscle strength in menopausal women.Maximum grip strength is positively correlated with bone mineral density,which can be used as an auxiliary screening tool for osteoporosis(OP)in women.The FTSST suggests that the lower limb muscle strength of menopausal women decreases with age,which can be used as one of the indicators for predicting the risk of falls in menopausal women.

BACKGROUND:Studies have demonstrated that postmenopausal osteoporosis is related to female reproductive characteristics and exercise diets,but few studies have demonstrated whether female reproductive characteristics and exercise diets have an effect on vitamin D in postmenopausal women. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the relationship of vitamin D levels with female reproductive characteristics and exercise diets and their influencing factors in postmenopausal women in Beijing. METHODS:Totally 727 postmenopausal women with an age range of 46-75 years old who received on-site questionnaires in 17 communities of Beijing from September 2017 to May 2018 were selected as the study subjects,and the questionnaires included the subjects'basic information and history of menstruation,menopause,pregnancy,and exercise diet.An electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer and its auxiliary reagents were used to determine 25-(OH)D levels.Bone mineral density and T values of the lumbar spine(L1-L4,whole)and both hips(femoral neck,whole)were determined using a dual-energy X-ray bone mineral density detector.The correlation of vitamin D with reproductive characteristics and exercise diet was observed,as well as the influencing factors of vitamin D were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were 136 cases(18.7%)in the vitamin D normal group,389 cases(53.5%)in the vitamin D insufficient group,and 202 cases(27.8%)in the vitamin D deficient group.The mean vitamin D level was(15.60±5.85)ng/mL.With the increase of vitamin D level,the bone mineral density value and T value of different parts of the body also increased.Vitamin D level was positively correlated with age at menarche,days of menstrual duration,stage of menopause,activity,diet type,and dietary preference(P<0.05);was negatively correlated with menstrual cycle,age at menopause,and number of childbearing(P<0.05);and had no correlation with age at first conception and number of pregnancies(P>0.05).The results of multifactorial ordered Logistic regression analyses showed that there was a positive correlation between the frequency of drinking dairy products and vitamin D level(P<0.05),and dairy products were a protective factor for vitamin D level.To conclude,vitamin D levels are generally insufficient and bone mineral density values are generally low in postmenopausal women in Beijing.Vitamin D levels are correlated with some reproductive characteristics and exercise diets,and drinking dairy products is a protective factor.Therefore,it is possible to intervene in the dietary situation of postmenopausal women by means of health education about osteoporosis and by increasing vitamin D levels in order to increase bone density values and reduce the prevalence of osteoporosis in the postmenopausal period.

Objective To evaluate the effect of nursing intervention on the quality of life of patients with heart failure based on the transtheoretical model ( TTM).Methods Totals of 100 heart failure patients were divided into the control group and the intervention group , 50 cases each .The control group was treated with conventional health education .The intervention group was treated with the nursing intervention based on TTM . We evaluated the quality of life in the time of before intervention , 1 month and 3 months after the intervention , respectively , by the Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire ( MLHFQ) , and compared the differences . Results 1 month and 3 months after discharge , 2 cases were died and 5 cases were lost during the follow-up in the intervention group , and 43 cases finished the investigation .3 cases were died and 7 cases were lost during the follow-up in the control group , and 40 cases finished the investigation .Before the intervention , 1 month and 3 months after the intervention, the total score of MLHFQ were (40.14 ±17.59), (59.98 ±17.44), (52.28 ±16.46) in the intervention group, and (38.45 ±16.00), (45.25 ±14.80), (41.30 ±14.40) in the control group .Before the intervention , there was no statistically difference between the two groups ( P>0.05).After the intervention for 1month and 3 months, the differences were significant ( t =3.29, 3.22, respectively;P<0.05).Conclusions Comparing with the conventional healthy education , the method based on TTM is one of the most effective ways , which can improve the quality of life of patients with heart failure . Thus, it is worthy of getting widely promoted in hospital .