From October 1969 through December 1981, 3483 esoghageal carcinomas without superficial lymphatic metastasis were treated by 60 Co in our hospital. The radiation dose was over 50Gy and follow-up was over ten years. Results: No significant difference of survival rates was found in various cancer locations in the esophagus combined with the data between our hospital and Xingtai Tumor Hospital, the 5-year survival rates for lower third esophageal cancer were 20.7%～36.4% in surgery group and only 4.3% in radiation group. The 5-year survival rates were also significantly diffrent between radiation group(34.7%) and surgery group (64.9%) for cancer length of

Hydrogen sulfide is found to be the third gasotransmitter.It exerts extensive biological effects in nerve system,cardiovascular system,gastrointestinal system,and so on.In cardiovascular system,it exerts the function of vasorelaxation,inhibition of vascular smooth mu-scle cells and cardioprotection.It is also concerted with many cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension,hypertension,coronary heart disease,atherosclerosis.This review discusses the latest research progress in the significance of hydrogen sulfide in cardiovascular diseases.

Acute Disease ; Autonomic Nervous System Diseases ; Child ; Humans ; Male

Objective To study the effect of cypermethrine (CP) on the reproductive organs of female rats.Methods Fifty female SD rats (90-110 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups,negative control (earthnut oil),three CP treatment groups(20,40 and 80 mg/kg body) and positive control (E_2 100?g/kg body),treated by gavage,once a day,for 28 consecutive days.Results Compared with the negative group,the opening of vagina in different cypermethrine groups were significantly moved up in the first week (P

Objectives To optimize the curriculum for better education quality. Methods By literature review, the curriculum of the bio-medical English program of Peking University was summa-rized. Interviews were conducted on 8 sophomores of the program based on convenience sampling for their concerns over the curriculum and a questionnalre was designed based on such concerns. Ques-tionnalre survey was used for the remarks and suggestions of the 129 graduates of year 2002, 2003 and 2004 on the curriculum, with 79 valid questionnalres collected and the data analyzed by Microsoft Excel. Results Respectively 64 (81.02%), 52 (65.82%), 53 (67.09%) respondents believe the se-quence, duration and connection of the English courses are appropriate and 65 (82.27%), 46 (58.22%), 50 (63.29%) respondents believe the sequence, duration and connection of the medical courses are appropriate. 63 (81.77%) respondents hoped that they could do experiments in the medical courses, but 18 of them (23.08%) worried that the experiments would make the curriculum more tense. 71 (89.97%) respondents thought that the internship at hospital in the curriculum was conducive to better understanding of medical course contents . Suggestions on the improvement of the curriculum were also made by respondents. Conclusions The curriculum could be further optimized, especially on the connection between different courses, although most of the respondents by and large believe that the curriculum of the program is rational and hold positive attitude towards the internship in hospital and experiments in the curriculum.

BACKGROUND:Drug therapy can partly reduce and delay the progress of Alzheimer’s disease, but only 30%with the single drug treatment obtain clinical cure. OBJECTIVE:To study the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s transplantation for rats with Alzheimer’s disease. METHODS:Amyloidβ-protein was injected into the hippocampus of Sprague-Dawley rats to construct the model of Alzheimer’s disease. And bone marrow stromal stem cel s were transplanted into the hippocampus of the rat models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 2 weeks after modeling, compared with the control group, the escape latency in the model and experimental groups was significantly longer (P<0.05), which indicating that Alzheimer’s disease models were successful y established. At 4 weeks after cel transplantation, compared with the model group, the average escape latency in the experimental group was significantly decreased, but retention time on the platform quadrant was significantly prolonged (P<0.05). Besides, at 4 weeks after cel transplantation, expression of choline acetyltransferase in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P<0.05). In conclusion, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s cannot only differentiate and survive in the hippocampus of rats with Alzheimer’s disease, but also improve the learning and memory ability.

In recent years,liver transplantation donor shortage as one of world medical problems is paid more attention by domestic and overseas scholars.In view of that,heterotopic auxiliary liver transplantation emerges which transplants the whole or some parts of a donor liver outside the original liver position on the condition that some parts or the whole of the original liver were retained.As for the liver transplantation with poor conditions on portal vein,reconstruction of portal vein has become an aporia.Based on this,some scholars put forward the theory——arterialization of portal vein(PVA),namely a method to increase arterial blood supply or replace portal vein blood perfusion of liver by establishing some pathes among artery and portal vein or its branches.The research background and current situation of heterotopic auxiliary liver transplantation with portal vein arterialization,the transplanting position of donor liver,vessel reconstruction,dynamics mechanism after reconstruction and liver regene-ration are summarized in this review.

In recent years,with the increasing of immunocompromised patients in clinical practice,invasive candidiasis has been increased accordingly. Although several antifungal drugs,including polyenes,azoles,5-flucytosine,and echinocandins,have been used widely to treat invasive candidiasis,the treatment failure that caused by the resistance of Candida albicans to these antifungal drugs have been reported widely. Here,we reviewed the molecular mechanisms of resistance to azoles,polyenes,5-flucytosine,and echinocandins,such that to provide an update on these issues.

Objective:To examinethe absolute numbers of cluster of differentiation (CD4) + T cell subsets in peripheral blood of patients with rheumatism and further to develop a new immunomodulatory therapies which aimed to restore their imbalanced CD4 + T lymphocyte subpopulation. Methods:A total of 6 395 rheumatic patients [4 430 females, 1 965 males, mean age (49±15) years] and 206 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this retrospective cross-sectional study, which included rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Psoriatic arthritis (PsA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), primary Sj?gren′s syndrome (pSS), Be?het's disease (BD), dermatomyositis/polymyositis (DM/PM), gout and vasculitis. Some patients received treatment combined with immunoregulatory drugs (IMiDs) such as low-dose interleukin (IL)-2, rapamycin, metformin, retinoic acid and coenzyme Q10. The absolute numbers of T helper cell (Th)1, Th2, Th17 and regulatory T cell (Treg) in peripheral blood (PB) of these individuals were measured by Flow Cytometery (FCM). Independent sample t test and paired sample t test were used to compare the levels of CD4 + T cell subsets in PB of patients and HCs, before and after treatment respectively, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Compared with HCs, the mean absolute number of Treg was significantly decreased [(31±15) cell/μl vs (27±17) cell/μl, t=3.407, P<0.01] and the ratio of Th17/Treg was increased in all patients [(0.3±0.2) vs ( 0.4±0.7), t=-9.508, P<0.01]. There was a significant increase in the number of Th17 in patients with AS [(10±8) cell/μl, t=-5.403, P<0.01], PsA[ (11±11) cell/μl, t=-3.829, P<0.01], SSc [(7±6) cell/μl, t=3.114, P<0.01], BD [(11±9) cell/μl), t=-4.774, P<0.01] and gout [(11±9) cell/μl, t= -4.604, P<0.01) , and we observed lower level of Treg in patients with RA[(28±15) cell/μl, t=3.032, P<0.01], SLE [(21±21) cell/μl, t=6.836, P<0.01], AS [(28±15) cell/μl, t=2.216, P<0.05], SSc [(27±16) cell/μl, t=3.698, P<0.05], BD [(27±17) cell/μl, t=2.502, P<0.05], DM/PM [(27±22) cell/μl, t=2.974, P<0.01) and gout [(28±15) cell/μl, t=2.079, P<0.05). After IMiDs combination treatment, the levels of CD4 + T subsets were increased. Interestingly, the expansion of Treg was much more dramatical than those of other effector T cells, resulting in a decrease in ratios of Th17/Treg, especially in SLE [(0.6±1.0) vs (0.5±0.4), t=3.157 , P<0.01]. Conclusion:Impaired balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory immune cells, especially insufficiency of Treg, might be a cornerstone of the pathogenesis of rheumatism. The new immunomodulatory therapies could relatively specifically promote Treg proliferation and restored patients' autoimmune tolerance, which isexpected to provide a new strategy for the treatment of rheumatism.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of compositive treatment on cerebral palsy children with rapid acupoint acupuncture at passive position.Methods37 children were treated with compositive treatment including acupoint acupuncture and physical training.Other 21 who treated with medicine were included as control.Results3 cases were cured and 33 cases were markedly effective in treatment group,which was better than that of control(P<0.05).ConclusionThe therapy composed of rapid acupoint acupuncture and physical training can significantly improve the function of children with cerebral palsy.