ObjectiveTo investigation the clinical features and immunophenotypes of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).MethodsThe clinical data of 23 patients of MCL were reviewed prospectively.Age,sex,Ann-Arbor staging,symptoms and bone marrow biopsies were analyzed.Serum lactat dehydrogenates (LDH) level,CD5,CD20 and CyclinD1 were determined.ResultsThe median age was 62 years old (range 44-74),15 patients(65.2％)were more than 60 years old.Among 23 patients,the male-to-female ratio was 4.4∶1,Twenty-one patients (91％) presented with advanced stage (Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ 12 cases and Ⅳ 9 cases) at initial diagnosis.Twenty patients (87.0 ％) were lymph node involvement.The serum LDH level was high in 11 patients.CD5 was positively expressed in 14 (60.8 ％) of all patients.CD20 was positively expressed in 21 (91.3 ％) of all patients.Cyclin D1 was over-expression in 19 (82.6 ％) of all patients.ConclusionThe MCL shows a predilection for occurrence in older males.The majority of patients are advanced stage disease (Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ/Ⅳ ) are at initial diagnosis. Most of patients display lymph node involvement manifestations.Bone marrow infiltration is frequent.The immunophenotype of MCL resembles the mature B-lymphocyte (CD+20),with coexprssion of the T-cell antigen CD5.It has been demonstrated that CyclinD1 are over express in this histotype of MCL.CyclinDl over-expression could be considered as hallmark of MCL.

OBJECTIVETo study the role of Bcl-2 and Bax protein contents and their gene expression in Al-induced neurons apoptosis.

METHODSNeurons from 0 - 3 day rats were cultured and treated with different concentrations of AlCl(3 x 6) H2O. The cell apoptosis was observed by the TUNEL method and under the scan electron microscope. Bcl-2 and Bax protein contents were detected by the immunochemistry method while their gene expressions were measured by the RT-PCR method.

RESULTS(1) DNA fractions in the TUNEL method increased with the rising aluminum concentration. Blebbings and apoptosis bodies on the surface of the neurons were clearly observed under the scan electron microscope. (2) Bcl-2 protein contents and their gene expression decreased with the rising aluminum concentration (P < 0.01, r = -0.695; P < 0.05, r = -0.647), while Bax increased at the same time (P < 0.01, r = 0.676; P < 0.01, r = 0.794), the value of Bcl-2/Bax was related with the aluminum concentration (P < 0.01, r = -0.655; P < 0.01, r = -0.777).

CONCLUSIONThe aluminum may induce neurons apoptosis. Bcl-2 and Bax protein contents and their gene expression may play an important role in Al-induced apoptosis.

Aluminum ; toxicity ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the expression of heat shock protein 90, 60 and 27 (HSP90, HSP60 and HSP27) and genetic damage in peripheral blood of workers exposed to coke oven emissions.

METHODS288 coke oven workers in a steel factory were divided into the high-dose group and the low-dose group on the basis of environment monitoring result and work place. There were 172 men in high-dose group (workers who worked at the oven top and oven side) and 116 men in low-dose group (workers who worked at the oven bottom and others who were engaged to aided work). 38 workers unexposed occupationally to carcinogenic substances were selected as the control group, who were employed in medical therapy unit nearby 2 kilometers from the steel factory. Their general information, history of personal and occupational exposure, and the work environment were investigated. Blood samples were collected immediately after a shift at the end of a working day from 288 coke oven workers and 38 control workers. Levels of HSP90, HSP60 and HSP27 in peripheral blood lymphocytes were measured by Western blot, and the degree of DNA damage was detected by the comet assay.

RESULTSLevels of HSP90 in peripheral blood lymphocytes in three groups were 0.24 +/- 0.32, 0.12 +/- 0.30 and 0.06 +/- 0.33 respectively. They increased significantly compared with that of the control. But levels of HSP60 and HSP27 were not significantly different among those groups. Compared with the control group, there was significant difference in tail length, olive tail moment et al of SCGE (G +/- s(G)) of occupational exposure workers. High-dose group > low-dose group > control group (P < 0.05). The degree of DNA damage increased with the rise of exposure BaP dose (Spearman r = -0.345, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONLevels of HSP90 in peripheral blood lymphocytes and the degree of DNA damage increase with the rise of exposure polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) dose.

Adult ; Chaperonin 60 ; blood ; Coke ; adverse effects ; Comet Assay ; DNA Damage ; drug effects ; HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins ; blood ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins ; blood ; Humans ; Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo study the associations of CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms with levels of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene among coke oven workers.

METHODS223 male workers from a coke plant (76, 82 and 65 workers in oven top group, oven-side group and oven-bottom group respectively) and 119 controls without occupational polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure were selected. The MspI gene polymorphism in CYP1A1 3' flanking region and the genotypes at I462V site in exon 7 of CYP1A1 were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and allele specific amplification (ASA).

RESULTSThe urinary 1-hydroxypyrene of coke oven workers in oven-top, oven-side and oven-bottom (3.77+/-0.64, 3.57+/-0.49, 3.26+/-0.80 micromol/mol Cr) were significantly higher than controls (2.80+/-1.02 micromol/mol Cr) (P<0.01). The urinary 1-hydroxypyrene was not significantly different among MspI genotypes in CYP1A1 3' flanking region (P>0.05). In oven-top group and oven-side group, the subjects with Val/Val genotype in exon 7 of CYP1A1 had significantly higher urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels than those with Ile/Val or Ile/Ile genotype, and urinary 1-hydroxypyrene of Ile-Val genotype were also significantly higher than Ile/Ile genotype (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the coke oven workers (OR in oven top group, oven-side group and oven-bottom group was 24.926, 4.226 and 6.729 respectively) and subjects with m2/m2 genotype in CYP1A1 3' flanking region (OR=4.031) or with Val/Val or Ile/Val genotype in exon 7 of CYP1A1 (OR were 5.524 and 3.811) had elevated urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (greater than 95 percentile of control group, 3.876 micromol/mol Cr).

CONCLUSIONBAP concentration of work environment contributes to the elevated urinary 1-hydroxypyrene levels, and the exposed BAP levels were regulated by the CYP1A1 MspI and I462V genotypes. Genetic polymorphism of CYP1A1 gene could be a susceptible biomarker in coke oven workers which was involved in the individual susceptibility on metabolism of PAHs.

Adult ; Benzo(a)pyrene ; adverse effects ; Coke ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pyrenes ; pharmacokinetics ; Urine ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of sub-chronic Aluminium-maltolate [Al(mal)3] exposure on the catabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in rats.

METHODSForty adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, the maltolate group (7.56 mg/kg BW), and the Al(mal)3 groups (0.27, 0.54, and 1.08 mg/kg BW, respectively). Control rats were administered with 0.9% normal saline through intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Maltolate and Al(mal)3 were administered to the rats also through i.p. injections. Administration was conducted daily for two months. Rat neural behavior was examined using open field tests (OFT). And the protein expressions and their mRNAs transcription related with APP catabolism were studied using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSThe expressions of APP, β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and presenilin-1 (PS1) proteins and their mRNAs transcription increased gradually with the increase of Al(mal)3 doses (P<0.05). The enzyme activity of BACE1 in the 0.54 and 1.08 mg/kg Al(mal)3 groups increased significantly (P<0.05). The expression of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) 1-40 gradually decreased while the protein expression of Aβ1-42 increased gradually with the increase of Al(mal)3 doses (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONResult from our study suggested that one of the possible mechanisms that Al(mal)3 can cause neurotoxicity is that Al(mal)3 can increase the generation of Aβ1-42 by facilitating the expressions of APP, β-, and γ-secretase.

Amyloidogenic Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Environmental Pollutants ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Male ; Organometallic Compounds ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Pyrones ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo study the expression levels of cdk5, p35 and p53 genes in arsenic trioxide (As2O3O)-induced neuron apoptosis and to explore the potential mechanism.

METHODSThe cultured primary rats' neurons were divided into 5 groups, which were exposed to 0, 1, 5, 10 micromol/L As2O3 and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 8 h, respectively. The cell viability and cell apoptosis were detected by MTT colouration methods and flow cytometry, respectively. The real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to measured the expression levels of cdk5, p35 and p53 genes.

RESULTSThe cell viability inhibition rates were 16.77%, 19.72% and 27.81% in 1, 5, 10 micromol/L As203 groups, respectively. Compared to the untreated group and DMSO group, the cell apoptosis rates were significantly increased in 5 and 10 micromol/L As2O3 groups (P < 0.05). The expression levels of cdk5, p35 and p53 genes increased with the exposure doses of AsO3. However, there were no significant differences in p35 gene expression between different dose subgroups (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in cdk5 and p53 gene expression between different dose subgroups (P < 0.05). The expression levels of cdk5 gene in 5 and 10 micromol/L As2O3 groups were significantly higher than those in untreated group and DMSO group (P < 0.05). The expression levels of p53 gene in 1, 5 and 10 micromol/L As2O3 groups were significantly higher than that in untreated group (P < 0.05). The expression level of p53 gene in 10 mciromol/L As2O3 group was significantly higher than that in DMSO group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCdk5, p35 and p53 genes may involve in the process of As2O3-induced neural cell apoptosis.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arsenicals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxides ; toxicity ; Phosphotransferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of mitochondria membrane potential and cytoplasma cytochrome C as the mechanism of neuron apoptosis induced by B(a)P.

METHODSPrimary neurons were dissociated from cerebral cortex of 1 - 3 days old SD rats and cultured with DMEM incubator at 37 degrees C. After 5 days' cultivation, the neurons were added S9 and B(a)P, and the concentrations of treated B(a)P were 0, 10, 20 and 40 micromol/L respectively. After administering of B(a)P, the neurons were cultivated for 40 hours. Apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI) staining, and the changes in mitochondrial potential (DeltaPsim) were tested with Rhodamine fluorescence (R2123) technique. Preparation of cytosolic extracts by centrifugation. Western blotting analysis was used to evaluate the level of cytochrome C of cytoplasm.

RESULTSThe apoptotic rate of neuron increased in both the middle dose group and the high dose group compared with controls, and had a dose-response tendency with the concentration of B(a)P. Moreover mitochondrial potential decreased in a dose dependent manner. There was a negative correlation between DeltaPsim and the apoptotic rate of neurons (r = -0.763, P < 0.05); Western blotting analysis showed cytoplasmic cytochrome C level increased significantly, which was positively related with neuron apoptosis (r = 0.831, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONLoss of mitochondria membrane potential and increase of cytoplasma cytochrome C may be the main cause of neuron apoptosis induced by B(a)P.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Benzo(a)pyrene ; toxicity ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytochromes c ; metabolism ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ; Mitochondria ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Neurons ; cytology ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore the coincidence of lipid peroxidation and neurobehavioral function changes in coke oven workers.

METHODSOne hundred and thirty-four coke oven workers were divided into three groups: 35 in the oven-bottom group, 49 in the oven-side group and 50 in oven-top group. WHO recommended NCTB was performed on coke oven workers and 36 controls from material conservation department; The contents of total superoxide dismutases (T-SOD), glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in blood were determined by test kits.

RESULTSCompared with the controls, the coke oven workers showed lower levels of T-SOD and GSH (P < 0.01), significantly higher MDA levels in blood (P < 0.01), higher score on negative mood state, lower scores on positive mood state, and poorer performance in NCTB test (P < 0.05). Further analysis revealed that there was a weak positive correlation between neurobehavioral function changes and the level of lipid peroxidation with a coefficient lower than 0.25.

CONCLUSIONThe level of lipid peroxidation in coke oven workers' blood increased and coincided with neurobehavioral function impairment.

Adult ; Affect ; Anxiety ; Case-Control Studies ; Coke ; Fatigue ; Glutathione ; blood ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of SiO₂-ZrO₂slurry coating on surface performance of zirconia ceramic.

METHODSSeventy pre-sintered zirconia discs were randomly divided into seven groups with 10 discs per group. Sample discs in each group received one of the following seven different surface treatments, namely, sintered (group AS), sand blasting after sintered (group SB), coated with slurry of mole ratio of SiO₂to ZrO₂2:1 (group 2SiO₂-1ZrO₂), coated with slurry of mole ratio of SiO₂to ZrO₂1:1 (group 1SiO₂-1ZrO₂), coated with slurry of mole ratio of SiO₂to ZrO₂1:2 (group 1SiO₂-2ZrO₂), coated with slurry of mole ratio of SiO₂to ZrO₂1:3 (group 1SiO₂-3ZrO₂), coated with slurry of mole ratio of SiO₂to ZrO₂1:4 (group 1SiO₂-4ZrO₂). Profilometer, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze surface performance.

RESULTSThe surface roughness of the discs in group AS was lower than those in the other groups [(0.33 ± 0.03) µm] (P < 0.05), there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) among group 2SiO₂-1ZrO₂[(3.85 ± 0.38) µm], group 1SiO₂-1ZrO₂[(3.78 ± 0.56) µm] and group 1SiO₂-2ZrO₂[(4.06 ± 0.48) µm], and no difference (P > 0.05) was observed between group 1SiO₂-3ZrO₂[(1.02 ± 0.09) µm] and group 1SiO₂-4ZrO₂[(1.53 ± 0.23) µm] either. However, surface roughness in all coating groups was higher than those in group SB [(0.86 ± 0.05) µm] (P < 0.05). According to the XRD pattern, group AS and all coating groups consisted of 100% tetragonal airconia and monoclinic zirconia was detected at surface of group SB. Contents of surface silicon of coating groups increased significantly, however, no silicon was detected at sample surface of group AS and group SB. SEM showed that zirconia grains of coating exposed since part of silicon was etched by hydrofluoric acid, a three-dimensional network of intergrain nano-spaces was created.

CONCLUSIONSSiO₂-ZrO₂slurry coating could make surface of zirconia rough and increase Si content without creating monoclinic zirconia.

Ceramics ; chemistry ; Dental Etching ; Hydrofluoric Acid ; pharmacology ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Random Allocation ; Silicon Dioxide ; chemistry ; Surface Properties ; drug effects ; Zirconium ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of polybrominated diphenyl ether-153 (BDE-153) exposure during lactation period on the calcium ion (Ca(2+)) concentration and calcium-activated enzyme levels in cerebral cortical cells among adult rats and to provide a scientific basis for the study on the developmental neurotoxicity of BDE-153.

METHODSForty newborn male rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups according to their body weights and litters: 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg BDE-153 groups and olive oil solvent control group. On postnatal day 10 (PND 10), the BDE-153 groups were administrated BDE-153 (0.1 ml/10 g body weight) by intraperitoneal injection, while the olive oil solvent control group was given an equal volume of olive oil. Two months later, these rats were decapitated, and the cerebral cortex was separated quickly on an ice-cold dish. The Ca(2+) concentration in cerebral cortical cells was measured by flow cytometry. The activities of calcineurin (CaN) and Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATP enzyme were determined by colorimetric method. The mRNA and protein expression of calpain-1 and calpain-2 was measured by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot.

RESULTSThe mean fluorescence intensities of intracellular Ca(2+) in control group and 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg BDE-153 groups were 10.83, 1.48, 1.93, and 0.62, respectively; the 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg BDE-153 groups had significantly lower intercellular Ca(2+) concentrations than the control group (P < 0.05). The activities of CaN and Ca(2+)-Mg(2+)-ATP enzyme and mRNA and protein expression of calpain-1 showed no significant differences between the 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg BDE-153 groups and control group (P > 0.05). The protein expression of calpain-2 increased as the dose of BDE-153 rose. Compared with the control group (mRNA: 0.81±0.26; protein: 0.15±0.07), the 5 and 10 mg/kg BDE-153 groups had significantly higher mRNA expression of calpain-2 (5 mg/kg BDE-153 group: 1.16±0.52; 10 mg/kg BDE-153 group: 1.32±0.23) and significantly higher protein expression of calpain-2 (5 mg/kg BDE-153 group: 0.31±0.07; 10 mg/kg BDE-153 group: 0.37±0.06) (P < 0.05). The 10 mg/kg BDE-153 group had significantly higher protein expression of calpain-2 than the 1 mg/kg BDE-153 group (0.37±0.06 vs 0.22±0.07, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCa(2+-) mediated calpain-2 activation may be one of the main mechanisms of BDE-153 neurotoxicity.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase ; metabolism ; Calcineurin ; metabolism ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Calpain ; metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Male ; Polybrominated Biphenyls ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley