BackgroundIt has been well-known that integrin linked kinase(ILK) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neorascularization.But there are few researches to elucidate the relationship between ILK and retinal nevascularization. Objective This study was to explore the expression and significance of ILK on retinal neovascularization and new vessels regression in the oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR) mouse model. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight 7-day-old C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the normal group and model group.The mice were rose in(75±2)％O2 environment with mother mice together for 5 days and then in normal environment for 5 days to establish the OIR models.The mice in normal group were rose in the normal environment for 21 days.The 17-day-old mice were sacrificed and retinal sections were prepared for histopathological examination and the numbers of the cellular nuclei of vascular endotheliumbreaking retinalinternal limiting membranewere calculated.Retinal sections and sheeting were prepared in 12,14,17 and 21 -day-old mice to examine the formation and regression of new blood vessel using ADP histochemistry staining,and then immunochemistry,real-time PCR and Western-blotting were used to detect the expressions of ILK and its mRNA in retina. ResultsThe numbers of the cellular nuclei of vascular endothelium breaking retinal internal limiting membrane were (45.64 ± 12.17 )in OIR group,and those of the normal group were( 0.35±0.14 )with a significant difference between two groups (t =22.85,P＜0.05).Retinal new blood vessel appeared in 14-day mice,and peaked in 17-day mice and then regression in 21-day mice.ILK protein was expressed mainly in retinal ganglion cell layer,inner nuclear layer,inner plexiform layer and photoreceptor layer.Real-time PCR showed that ILK mRNA expressing levels in retina in model group were( 1.00±0.22),(1.85±0.17),(1.58±0.43) and(1.53±0.36) respectively in 12-,14-,17- and 21-day mice.Westernblotting determined that the A value of the ILK/β-actin was increased in 12-,14-,17-day mice and decreased in 21-day mice,and the A values were significantly higher in model group than the control group in various aged mice ( t =2.97,P＜0.05 ;t =11.88,P＜0.01 ;t =16.84,P＜0.01 ;t =13.00,P＜0.01 ). ConclusionsThese results indicate a space-time corresponding relation between the expression of ILK and retinal neovascularization.The obvious positive expression of ILK may be highly correlated with retinal neovascularization.

Background Fibrin glue has been utilized to adhere the graft during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Several relevant clinical randomized controlled trial(RCT) and retrospective studies have been published abroad,but the samples for its effectiveness and safety issue of fibrin glue and suture are still underinvestigation.Objective Current study was to quantificationally assess the efficacy and safety of fibrin glue versus sutures in the application of pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Methods Based on established search strategy,a computerized literature search was conducted to identify all citations concerning the RCT for effectiveness and safety evaluation of fibrin glue and suture for the graft fixation during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts from MEDLINE ( from 2000 to October,2010 ),EMbase ( from 2000 to October,2010 ),Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials ( Issue 4,2010 ),CBMdisc ( 2000 to October 2010 ),CNKI ( 2000 to October 2010 ),and the relevant conference proceedings and references searched by hand was performed as supplement.The included literature was scored with Jadad table.The Cochrane Collaboration' s RevMan 5.0 software was used for the test of heterogeneity or test for overall effect.The effective indexes,such as operative duration,recurrence rate and complication,were evaluated by Meta analysis.Results Six RCTs involving 401 eyes of 377 participants were identified.These literatures were published with English in 2004-2010 from China,New Zealand,Sweden,Israel,Turkey and Malasia and the Jadad scores were 4-5.The quantitatively analysis revealed that fibrin glue appeared to short the operative time compared with suturing method (MD =14.23 ;95％ CI:- 16.18- 12.29;P=0.00) and drop the rate of recurrence ( RR =0.49,95％ CI:0.26 -0.95 ; P =0.03 ).No significant differences were found in the rate of postoperative graft dehiscence or absence (RR =3.41,95 ％ CI:0.85-13.68;P =0.08 ).Conclusions Fibrin glue shows the good effectiveness and easy application during the pterygium excision with conjunctival autografts.Long-term follow-up of multi-central RCTs with a larger number of cases are still needed to support this conclusion.

0.1),and there were significant differences in the other groups[F(H)=33.57,F(I)=133.6,F(HI)=69.75 Pa

Animals ; Carcinogens ; toxicity ; Female ; Lung Neoplasms ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Urethane ; toxicity

Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; pharmacology ; Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Losartan ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Water-Electrolyte Balance

OBJECTIVETo study the mechanism of injury of cortical nerve cell in the newborn with hypoxia/ischemia brain damage (HIBD), and the neuroprotective effect of Radix Astragali (RA).

METHODSNeonatal HIBD model rats were established and divided into the sham group, the model group and the RA group. Brain of rats obtained at different time points after HIBD to conduct histopathological examination, neuron death rate count, as well as determination of caspase-3 (cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-3) protein mRNA expression in cerebral cortex by immunohistochemistry, semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) respectively.

RESULTSIn the model group, caspase-3 mRNA and protein showed an increase at 6 hrs, reached the peak at 24 hrs, and decreased at 48 hrs after HIBD, on the 5th and 7th day restored to baseline level. After being treated by RA, the neuron death rate of ligated side was obviously reduced, caspase-3 mRNA and protein expression peak value decreased by 45% (mRNA) and 40% - 43% (protein).

CONCLUSIONRA shows markedly neuron protection in immature brain cortex after HIBD, which is related with the inhibition on caspase-3 expression.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Astragalus membranaceus ; Caspase 3 ; Caspases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Cell Survival ; Cerebral Cortex ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Neurons ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo examine the expression of mRNA of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in a rat model of hyperoxia-induced retinopathy and to investigate the role of VEGF in the process of neovascularization in retinopathy.

METHODSOne hundred fifty one-day-old neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into hyperoxia-induced retinopathy and normal control groups. The rats in the retinopathy group were exposed to (80 +/- 2)% oxygen for 7 days and then replaced by room air. The rats in the control group were exposed to room air all the time of the experiment. The morphologic changes of retinal vessels were estimated by observing the vascular pattern in adenosine diphosphate ase (ADPase) stained retina flat mounts. The newborn vessels were quantified by haematoxylin and eosin staining. Reversal transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the VEGF mRNA expression.

RESULTSIn the retinopathy group at 7 days of age, most of central radial vessels became constricted and blocked, and central perfusion decreased obviously. After switching to room air exposure for 7 days (14 days of age), noticeable retinal neovascularization appeared. The expression of VEGF mRNA in the retinopathy group at 7 days of hyperoxia exposure was noticeably lower than in the control group, and increased gradually after switching to room air exposure. At 9 and 14 days of age, the expression of VEGF mRNA in the retinopathy group was noticeably higher than in the control group. The expression of retinal VEGF mRNA in the retinopathy group increased before neovascularization occurred, and decreased with regression of new vessels.

CONCLUSIONSHyperoxia exposure may decrease the transcription of VEGF mRNA and the growth of retinal blood vessels. The relative hypoxia after hyperxia withdrawal can up-regulate the transcription of VEGF mRNA, resulting in a significant retinal neovascularization. The abnormal expression of VEGF in the retina may play an important role in the development of neovascularization in retinopathy.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperoxia ; complications ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Retina ; pathology ; Retinal Neovascularization ; Retinopathy of Prematurity ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics

Objective To investigate the changes of quantitative parameters of dynamic enhanced CT in non-small cell lung cancer before and after targeted therapy,and compare them with the traditional evaluation criteria,in order to find the parameters which can be exploited for timely,objective evaluation of the effect of targeted therapy.Methods The study included 21 patients with targeted therapy who had received dynamic enhanced CT before and after treatment.Enhancement time-density curves were obtained based on the CT values of the lesion at individual time points,and the functional indices:peak height (PH),the time to peak height (Tp),the ratio of PH of the mass to aorta (M/A) and perfusion value were calculated.The effects of the treatment on these indices were evaluated and compared with the effect of the treatment on lesion diameter. Results Twenty-one patients had 33 rechecking results. There was a statistically significant agreement between lesion diameter-based treatment evaluation and perfusion-based treatment evaluation ( U =8.761,P ＜ 0.01 ). The perfusion value decreased in patients with disease regression[before treatment:(0.28 ±0.11 ) ml · min-1 · ml-1,after targeted therapy(0.18 ±0.09) ml ·min-1 · ml-1,t =- 3.2722,P =0.0042],but increased in patients with disease progression[before treatment(0.21 ±0.08) ml · min-1 · ml-1,after targeted therapy:(0.34 ±0.11 ) ml · min-1 · ml-1,t =2.6064,P =0.0403].Conclusions On dynamic enhanced CT in non-small cell lung cancer patients after targeted therapy,perfusion value changed in the same trend as the diameter of tumor.The effectiveness of targeted therapy may be evaluated by perfusion value changes.

Objective To investigate the spiral CT findings in hemopathic patients with druginduced pulmonary injury.Methods CT images obtained in 11patients with drug-induced pulmonary injury were retrospectively analyzed.Six patients had antineoplastic agent-induced pulmonary injury and 5 patients had non-neoplastic agent-induced pulmonary injury (immunosuppressor in 2 patients,antifungal in 2 patients,antineoplastic immunomodulators in 1 patient).CT findings were reviewed by a chest radiologist.Results All 11patients had parenchymal abnormalities on MSCT scans,including ground-glass opacities( n =8 ),consolidation( n =5 ),interlobular septal thickening( n =3 ) and focal fibrosis ( n =2 ).The abnormalities were bilateral and asymmetric in all patients.They were mainly in the peripheral lung regions in 6 patients,in the central lung regions in four,and irregularly located in one.The abnormalities involved mainly the lower lung zones in six patients,the upper lung zones in two,and all lung zones homogeneously in three.One patient had fluid in bilateral pleural cavities.Three patients were given the same agent once more after the imaging turned to normal,and they presented with same clinical symptoms and similar but more serious imaging findings.Conclusions Drug-induced pulmonary injury usually manifests as areas of ground-glass opacity and consolidation,which most commonly involves the peripheral lungs and lower lung zones.Drug-induced pulmonary injury shows reproducible but more serious lesions when the patient is given the same agent once more.

Objective To discuss the role of assistance of intraoperative uitrasonography in ret-roperitoneal laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery for renal tumors. Methods The intraoperative laparoscopic ultrasonography was applied in retroperitoneal nephron-sparing surgery for 20 patients, of whom 11 were men and 9 were women. The average age was 53(range 33 to 73) years. There were 12 patients with renal cell carcinoma and the mean tumor size was 2.9(range 1.4 to 4.6)cm in diame-ter. All of them were staged as T1 N0 M0. Seven patients had angiomyolipoma and the mean tumor size was 4.5(range 1.8 to 8.0)cm in diameter and 1 patient had a 3.1 cm oncocytoma in diameter. The ul-trasonography was used to locate the tumor, observe the bloodstream and detect whether there were small satellite tumors. The surgical time, time of renal artery occlusion and operative effect were ob-served. Results Laparoscopic surgery was successful in all cases without conversion to open surger-y. Mean operative time was 115 (range 85 to 270) min, mean time of renal artery occlusion was 28 (range 22 to 50) min. During the mean followup of 16(range 4 to 30) months, no patients with renal cell carcinoma had local or port site recurrence or metastatic disease. Conclusion In retroperitoneal laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery, the intraoperative uhrasonography is helpful to locate the tumor in the surgery, to estimate whether the renal artery is occluded completely and to excise the tumor pre-cisely.