Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of DNA methyltransferases(DNMT)and clinical prognosis in children with acute leukemia(AL).Methods The mRNA expressions of DNMT1,DNMT3A,DNMT3B,p15,mdrl were measured in 56 AL children and 20 normal controls by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptionpolymerse chain reaction.Results In 56 cases of children with AL,the positive rate of DNMT1 was 73.2%(41/56);the positive rate of DNMT3A was 67.9%(38 /56);the positive rate of DNMT3B was 64.3%(36/56).Thirty-one cases showed positive expressions of the 3 DNMT simultaneously,4 cases with negative expressionss imultaneously,21 cases with at least 1 positive expression of the DNMT,positive rate of p15 was 19.6%(11/56);positive rate of mdrl was 28.6%(16/56),all 3 simultaneous expressions of the 3 DNMT in AL children were significantly higher than those in normal controls(P

Objective To examine the effectiveness of self-efficacy training on fluid intake in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods Fifty-four hemodialysis patients participated in the study.The intervention was based on Bandura's self-efficacy theory.The outcome measure was self-efficacy for managing chronic disease,the mean interdialysis weight gain,dialysis-related complications and patient satisfaction.Data were collected at baseline and 3 months after the intervention.Results The mean score of selfefficacy,the mean interdialysis weight gain,dialysis-related complications and patient satisfaction after the intervention were all statistically significant compared with those bcfore the intervention.Conclusions The study supports the effectiveness of the self-efficacy training in improving the fluid intake compliance in maintenance hemodialysis patients.So it is worth being popularized in clinic.

Objective To determine the pathway of macrophage metalloelastase (MME)generate active angiostatin by decomposing plasminogen and its effect on inhibiting growth of tumor and microvessel density (MVD) in vivo in mouse models. Methods The recombined plasmid pEGFPC1-MME was constructed. Thirty mice were subcutaneously inoculated with CT-26 cells that were stably transfected with pEGFP-C1-MME (MME-transfected group), 30 with CT-26 cells transfected with empty vector pEGFP-C1 (vector-transfected group) and 30 with CT-26 cells (non-transfected group). Radioiodination and radioisotope tracer were used to explore the pathway of angiostatin generation in vivo. Results SDS-PAGE electrophoresis analysis revealed that, in the PAGE gel contained the protein with molecular weights of 35 000 and 38 000, radioactivity in MME-transfected group was significantly higher than vector-transfected and non-transfected groups (P = 0. 00).Western blotting analysis demonstrated two bands containing 35 000 and 38 000 fragments in three groups. Quantification of the protein signals by image analysis revealed that the levels of 35 000 and 38 000 fragments were obviously increased in MME-transfected group (9.32±1.52 and 5.61±2.24,respectively) than those in vector-transfected (2.47 ± 0.23 and 0. 67 ± 0. 12, respectively) and nontransfected (1.21±0. 69 and 0. 86 ± 0.44, respectively) groups (P= 0.00). The average value of MVD and fluorescent express of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were lower in MMEtransfected group when compared with those in vector-transfected and non-transfected groups (P =0.00). The average tumor size in MME-transfected group was small in comparison with vectortransfected and non-transfected groups (P= 0.00). Conclusions MME is demonstrated to be one of matrix metalloproteinase that closely related with angiostatin production and has inhibitory effect on tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice.

The growth changes of glutathione (GSH) and ergosterol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CICC1447 and CICC1339) were detected under 0.5Mpa pressure with compressed high-pure air (O-2∶N-2=21∶79). The results showed that logarithmic phases of the two strains were delayed; their biomass and special growth rate were lower than those of control sample (0.1MPa) and the double time were prolonged under 0.5MPa. High-pressure could increase the content of GSH obviously, compared to ambient atmosphere control samples. When the holding time was 3h, the content of GSH and ergosterol in CICC1447 increased 42.6% and 20.1%, respectively. However, the content of GSH in CICC1339 increased 58.7% when the holding time was 6h, while ergosterol content reduced. The results indicated that different yeast strains have different stress-response mechanism to copy with high-pressure shock.

The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established and validated within the framework of quality by design (QbD). The system of microcrystalline cellulose-de-ioned water was used in this study. The median granule size and bulk density of granules were identified as critical quality attributes. Plackeet-Burmann experimental design was used to screen these factors as follows: dry mixing time, the impeller and chopper speed of dry mixing, water amount, water addition time, wet massing time, the impeller and chopper speed of wet massing and drying time. And the optimization was implemented with the central composite experimental design based on screened critical process parameters. The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established based on the quadratic polynomial regression model. Since the P-values of both models were less than 0.05 and values of lack of fit were more than 0.1, the relationship between critical quality attributes and critical process parameters could be well described by the two models. The reliability of design space, illustrated by overlay plot, was improved with the addition of 95% confidence interval. For those granules whose process parameters were in the design space, the granule size could be controlled within 250 to 355 μm, and the bulk density could be controlled within a range of 0.4 to 0.6 g x cm(-3). The robustness and flexibility of the high shear wet granulation process have been enhanced via the establishment of the design space based on the QbD concept.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Water

Objective To evaluate vitamin D status in healthy adults living in Guiyang. Method 1 500 healthy volunteers aged 20-79 years ( mean 45.2 years ) were recruited from a community in Guiyang by cluster sampling method. Questionnaires for living habits and fasting blood samples were collected from November, 2009 to February, 2010. Serum 25 ( OH ) D concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay, using the DiaSorin kit,USA. Results The average serum 25 ( OH ) D level was ( 20. 4±9.0 ) ng/ml. The percentages of vitamin D deficiency [25 ( OH ) D ＜ 20 ng/ml], insufficiency [20 ng/ml ≤ 25 ( OH ) D ＜ 30 ng/ml], and sufficiency [25 ( OH ) D ≥ 30ng/ml] were 52. 3% , 32. 3% , and 15.4% , respectively. The 25 (OH) D concentrations in the young, middle-aged,and elderly were ( 18. 2±9. 2), (22. 8±8. 7), and ( 19. 9±7.8) ng/ml, respectively. The percentages of vitamin D deficiency in these groups were 62. 8%, 40. 2%, and 55.4%, being 61.6% in higher educational group ( ≥ 13 years) and 64. 4% in the group with lower body mass index ( ＜ 18.5 kg/m2 ). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is common in Guiyang including all age groups, especially among the youth and the elderly. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level is also influenced by education, age, smoking, and other factors.

ToprovidethemethodologyforrapidqualityevaluationofLonicerajaponica,wehaveestablished the stable quantitative model of near infrared spectroscopy ( NIR) . The performance of Bagging partial least squares (Bagging-PLS) model and Boosting partial least squares (Boosting-PLS) model was compared with that partial least squares ( PLS ) model based on the NIR data of ethanol precipitation process of Lonicera japonica. On this basis, the performance of these two models after variables selection was also studied by the methods of siPLS ( synergy interval partial least squares ) and CARS ( competitive adaptive reweighted sampling) . The experimental results showed that the prediction performance of Bagging-PLS and Boosting-PLS models was superior to PLS model with the latent factor of 10 . The band of 820-1029 . 5 nm and 1030-1239. 5 nm for the first batch was selected by the method of siPLS. In addition, the band of 820-1029. 5 nm and 1030-1239. 5 nm was selected for the second batch sample in the same method. Furthermore, the method of CARS was taken to select variables for the two batches samples with 5-fold cross-validation and 10-fold cross-validation. And the lowest RMSECV( root mean square error of cross-validation) values were used to take subset. Compared to the model performance without the method of CARS, the RMSEP value of the Bagging-PLS model and Boosting-PLS model for the concentration of chlorogenic acid reduced by 0 . 02-0 . 04 g/L and rp(correlation coefficient of prediction)value increased by 4%-5%. Generally, Bagging-PLS and Boosting-PLS could be regarded as rapid prediction methodsfor NIR quantitative models of ethanol precipitation process of Lonicera japonica.

Objective To determine the correlation between mouse maerophage metalloelastase (MME)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)expression involved in angiogenesis of colon cancer.Methods A eDNA fragment coding for domainsⅠandⅡof MME was transfected into murine CT-26 colon cancer cells that were MME deficient.The enzymatic activity of recombinant MME was confirmed by cleavage of native substrate in vitro.An orthotopic implantation model was established by using MME-transfected cells and control cells.Tumor samples were subjected to in situ hybridization (ISH)and immunohistochemical staining(IHC)to detect expressions of MME and VEGF.The microvessel counting was used to assess angiogenesis of murine colon tumors.Results It was demon- strated that the tumor growth was significantly inhibited in MME-transfected group compared with pcDNA3.1 transfected and nontransfected groups(P＜0.001).It was also found that,compared with pcDNA3.1-transfected and nontransfected groups,the microvessel formation in MME transfected group was significantly reduced(P＜0.001).The expression of VEGF mRNA and protein was significantly lower in MME-transfected group than those in the controls,as demonstrated by ISH(MME-transfected group versus pcDNAa.1-transfected group,P=0.028;and versus nontransfected group,P=0.003) and by IHC(MME-transfected group versus pcDNA3.1-transfected group,P=0.025;and versus non- transfected group,P=0.008).Conclusions The MME gene transfected into murine colon cancer cells can effectively suppress the growth of orthotopic tumors by inhibition of vaseularity.Both MME and VEGF gene expression is highly associated with the vascularity of tumors,which may depend on a hal- ance between MME and VEGF expression.

To investigate the changes of serum ghrelin levels and their relationship with body mass index (BMI) ,waist-to-hip ratio(WHR) ,thyroid function, blood glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance parameters in different thyroid functional status. The fasting serum ghrelin, insulin, glucose, and thyroid hormone levels were determined, BMI, WHR, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were calculated in 50 hyperthyroid and 30 hypothyroid patients at diagnosis and after normalization of thyroid function. 30 euthyroid subjects served as control. The ghrelin levels in hyperthyroid patients before treatment were lower than that in control group [(63.2±9.6) ng/L vs (80.9±13.9) ng/L,P<0.01]. Multiple regression analysis showed that HOMA-IR was an independent factor related to fasting ghrelin levels (r = -0.314, P = 0. 027). The ghrelin levels were similar in hypothyroid patients and the controls before and after the treatment. It suggests that insulin resistance might be an important factor in regulating serum ghrelin levels in different thyroid functional status.

Abstract: The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established and validated within the framework of quality by design (QbD). The system of microcrystalline cellulose-de-ioned water was used in this study. The median granule size and bulk density of granules were identified as critical quality attributes. Plackeet-Burmann experimental design was used to screen these factors as follows: dry mixing time, the impeller and chopper speed of dry mixing, water amount, water addition time, wet massing time, the impeller and chopper speed of wet massing and drying time. And the optimization was implemented with the central composite experimental design based on screened critical process parameters. The design space of the high shear wet granulation process was established based on the quadratic polynomial regression model. Since the P-values of both models were less than 0.05 and values of lack of fit were more than 0.1, the relationship between critical quality attributes and critical process parameters could be well described by the two models. The reliability of design space, illustrated by overlay plot, was improved with the addition of 95% confidence interval. For those granules whose process parameters were in the design space, the granule size could be controlled within 250 to 355 μm, and the bulk density could be controlled within a range of 0.4 to 0.6 g x cm(-3). The robustness and flexibility of the high shear wet granulation process have been enhanced via the establishment of the design space based on the QbD concept.