Objective To formulate countermeasures of improving nurses′knowledge of malignant hyperthermia by investigating theatre nurses. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 120 theatre nurses for awareness, demand and access about malignant hyperthermia. Results Average correct response rate on the awareness of theatre nurses about malignant hyperthermia was (17.14±9.68)%.There are differences in different education, title and seniority(F=8.002,6.509,2.643,P<0.05).100.0%(120/120)theatre nurses are interested in studying knowledge related to malignant hyperthermia, 94.2%(113/120) theatre nurses are willing to learn knowledge related to malignant hyperthermia. Conclusions The awareness of theatre nurses about malignant hyperthermia is low. It is necessary to strengthen the training of theatre nurses about the knowledge of malignant hyperthermia. A variety of forms can be adopted.

Objective To make up an exercise prescription based on traditional Chinese medical training (EP-TCMT) for patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Eighty-five pa- tients with stable COPD were randomly divided into a control group (CG group),a traditional Chinese medicine group ( TC group) and an exercise prescription group ( EP group).The patients in the TC and EP groups were giv- en intensive training for 8 weeks.Their 6 rain walk distance (6MWD) and Borg scale scores were assessed before and after the treatment.Results The 6MWD in the TC group increased from 337.68?59.18 m to 386.14?76.71 m,while those in the EP group improved from 348.00?55.94 m to 425.17?53.22 m.The Borg scale scores in the TC group decreased from 3.14?1.94 to 2.32?1.25,while those in the EP group declined from 3.45?1.84 to 1.72?0.70.Conclusion Making up EP-TCMTs is feasible.Additional treatment was found to improve exercise tolerance and decrease dyspnea in COPD patients.Exercise therapy based on traditional Chinese methods is easy and safe.

Objective To Investigation the quality of marrow smear purchased by CDUTCM.Methods The quality and the typ-icality of marrow smears purchased during 2015 -2016 were collectively examined,and then decided whether these smears fit the blood cell morphology experimental teaching requirement.Results Of all the 960 marrow smears purchased these two years, 49.7% failed in smear made or stained,and 16.0% failed to meet the teaching requirements in the typicality of marrow cells.Con-clusion Teaching marrow smears,being different from clinic ones in their preparation and morphological diagnosis,must be of great quality in sustaining and of better typicality in their cell features.

Background The condition of the sclera is associated with many ocular diseases.The measurement of human scleral thickness in vivo is helpful for us to understand the features of the sclera and related diseases.Objective The present study was to measure the anterior sclera thickness(AST) in patients with senile cataract and to analyze the relationship among AST and other associated ocular parameters.Methods This study was approved by the Ethic Commission of First Hospital of Peking University.Written informed consent was obtained from each individual prior to examination.One hundred and five senile cataract patients were recruited in this study.Central corneal thickness (CCT),corneal curvature (CCV) and axial length were measured using ultrasonic pachymeter,keratometer,and A-scan unit,respectively.The AST was measured at 2 mm posterior to the scleral spur in the temporal meridian using ultrasound biomicroscope (UBM).The differences of CCT,CCV,ocular axial length and AST between bilateral eyes and the different sexes were compared by the Paired test and independent sample t test.The correlations among various parameters were assessed by the Pearson linear correlation analysis.The differences of CCT and AST among different axial length groups were evaluated by one-way ANOVA.Results No significant differences were found in the CCT,CCV,axial length and AST between bilateral eyes (t =0.584,P =0.561 ; t =1.161,P =0.248 ; t =0.140,P =0.889 ; t =0.342,P =0.773).Temporal AST at 2 mm posterior to the sclera spur was (0.589 ±0.051)mm in the right eyes.An insignificant decline in CCT was found in the male group compared with the female group (right eyes:t =0.469,P =0.641 ; left eyes:t =0.465,P =0.643).However,compared with the female group,the increase of axial length,reduction of the mean CCV value and enhancement of the mean AST were observed(right eyes:all P＜0.01 ;left eyes:all P＜0.01).CCV showed a negative correlation with ocular axial length (r =-0.50,P＜0.01),but no significant correlation was found among age,CCT,ocular axial length and AST(P＞0.05).No remarkable differences were found in CCT and AST among the various axial length groups (CCT:F =0.998,P=0.372;AST:F=1.919,P=0.383).Conclusions In senile cataract patients,correlation is not found between AST and CCT;the increase of axial length is not associated with the thinning of the eyeball wall to a certain extent.Differences exist in some ocular parameters between different sexes.

Background A close relation between sclera thickness and glaucoma has been determined.Clinical features vary in different types of glaucoma patients,which hints that the scleral thickness might be distinct among these patients.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the differences of central corneal thickness(CCT),anterior scleral thickness(AST) and axial length in glaucomatous patients.Methods This study was approved by the Ethic Commission of First Hospital of Peking University.Written informed consent was obtained from each individual prior to the examination.A retrospective descriptive study was designed.One hundred and sixty consecutive patients were recruited from March,2009 to November,2010 in First Hospital of Peking University,including 35 eyes with primary angle closure glaucoma(PACG) (35 cases),34 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma POAG) (34 cases),37 eyes with normal tension glaucoma(NTG) (37 cases)and 17 eyes of ocular hypertension OHT) (17 cases).Thirty-seven eyes of 37 subjects with incipient cataract served as the control group.CCT and ocular axial length were measured with ultrasonic pachymeter and A-scan unit,respectively,and AST at the temporal quadrant 2 mm posterior to the scleral spur was measured by ultrasonic biomicroscopy (UBM).The measuring parameters among different groups were compared by analysis of covariance,and the correlations of AST,CCT with ocular axial length were analyzed using Pearson linear correlation and linear regression.The differences and correlation of CCT,AST and AL among five groups were analyzed.Results The CCT values in PACG group,POAG group,NTG group,OHT group and control group were (535.54 ± 5.20),(550.47 ± 5.28),(521.61 ± 5.07),(575.75 ± 7.76) and (535.06± 5.06) μm,respectively,showing a significant difference among them (F =9.560,P =0.000),and the CCT value of OHT group was increased in comparison with POAG group,PACG group,NTG group and control group(all P =0.000).The CCT of the POAG group was thicker than that in the PACG group,NTG group and control group(P=0.046,0.000,0.040).No significant difference was found in CCT among NTG group,PACG group and control group(P=0.950,0.060).The AST values of PACG group,POAG group,NTG group,OHT group and control group were(0.593±0.050),(0.600±0.050),(0.592-±0.060),(0.610-±0.060) and(0.604±0.060) mm,respectively,showing a insignificant difference among them (F =0.700,P =0.590).The axial length in the patients with PACG was shorter than that of the POAG group,NTG group,OHT group and control group (all P =0.000).The Pearson correlation analysis showed significantly positive correlation between CCT and AST in POAG group and NTG group(r=0.445,P=0.008;r=0.400,P=0.014).Conclusions This study confirms that there is dissimilarity in CCT but not in AST among different types of glaucomatous patients.The changes of CCT and AST are consistent in POAG and NTG patients.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the pattern and main characteristics of fatal cases related to medical disputes in Yancheng area. METHODS: Sixty fatal cases of medical disputes were retrospectively analyzed to elucidate the annual incidence, characters of distribution of hospitals, gender and age of the decedents, types of diseases, and cause of death. RESULTS: Among 60 fatal cases, most cases happened in health clinics of county, township and village. There were more males than females. The major medical specialties involved included internal medicine, surgery, gynecology and pediatrics, with the internal medicine specialty having the highest incidence. CONCLUSION Police institutions have advantages in investigation of these cases in their jurisdictions, which could enhance the ability of local medicolegal examination.
Autopsy ; Cause of Death ; Dissent and Disputes ; Environment ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Medicine ; Police ; Retrospective Studies

Polyethylene glycol-polybenzyl-L-glutamate copolymer (PEG-PBLG) was synthesized and paclitaxel-loaded core-shell type nano-micelles with amphiphilic copolymer PEG-PBLG was prepared by the dialysis method. The drug loading content and entrapment efficiency were determined by HPLC. The average size and its distribution were determined by dynamic light scattering method. The paclitaxel release rate in vitro from micelles was measured by HPLC. The cell cytotoxicity in vitro was observed with MTT assay. The anti-tumor activity of paclitaxel-loaded micelles were evaluated in tumor-inhibiting test of nude mice using human liver cancer HepG-2. The results indicated that paclitaxel could be entrapped in PEG-PBLG copolymer micelles and its size was in the range of 80-265 nm which increased with an increase in molecular weight of PBLG in copolymer; in vitro the paclitaxel could be released sustainably from the micelles. In high concentration of paclitaxel (>20 microg x mL(-1)) the paclitaxel-loaded PEG-PBLG micelles displayed much less cell cytotoxicity than paclitaxel injections with Cremophor EL (P<0.05); the tumor inhibiting activity of paclitaxel-loaded PEG-PBLG micelles was similar to that of paclitaxel injections with Cremophor EL in the same paclitaxel concentration. It was concluded that the paclitaxel-loaded PEG-PBLG micelles had more uniform size and size distribution, excellent drug sustainable-release behavior, less cytotoxicity, good anti-tumor activity similar to paclitaxel injections with Cremophor EL. So paclitaxel-loaded PEG-PBLG micelles would be a novel paclitaxel preparation in clinic for the treatment of tumor.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Micelles ; Nanoparticles ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Paclitaxel ; pharmacology ; Particle Size ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Polyglutamic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; Polymers ; Random Allocation

Objective To identify the rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation and potential risk factors in hepatitis B surface antigen negative/hepatitis B core antibody positive patients with lung cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy without concomitant antiviral prophylaxis.Methods The records of 3280 patients with lung cancer who received adjuvant chemotherapy were retrospectively reviewed from January 2003 to December 2011.Among these patients,367 hepatitis B surface antigen negative/hepatitis B core antibody positive patients were analyzed for the HBV reactivation in this study.The HBV serology marker and biochemical tests of the 367 patients were performed.The data were analyzed by chi square test.Results Among 367 hepatitis B surface antigen negative/hepatitis B core antibody positive patients with lung cancer,14 patients suffered HBV reactivation.Univariate analysis showed that age≥70 years(x2 =13.003,P=0.019),abnormal liver computed tomography findings (x2 =11.225,P =0.026) and the amount of corticost eroids≥ 150 mg(x2 =7.008,P =0.033)were associated with HBV reactivation.However,gender and adjuvant chemotherapy regimens were not related with HBV reactivation.Conclusion HBV reactivation occurs in a proportion of hepatitis B surface antigen negative/hepatitis B core antibody positive patients with lung cancer during adjuvant chemotherapy.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of interventional MRI in radiofrequency ablation (RFA)of breast cancer.Methods 12 patients with breast carcinoma proven by core-needle biopsy-were enrolled in this study.Among them, 7 patients were in phase Ⅳ(6 with lung metastasis, 1 with bone metastasis),and 5 patients were in phase Ⅲ(all of them rejected the surgical operation because of various contraindications,including severe hypertension,diabetes mellitus,liver or kidney dysfunction,and advanced age).Moreover, all of the tumor size could not be further shrunk after medical treatment (such as 4-6 cycles chemotherapy, endocrine therapy or targeted therapy).Additionally,breast lesions were still remained to be confirmed by imaging examination and biopsy pathology.Then the tumor and surrounding breast tissue were ablated with radiofrequency,followed by clinical follow-up and imaging examination after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months.Results All the patients completed 18 times RFA treatment.MRI showed that all the tumor lesions were necrotic, blood supply was disappeared and therewas no enhancement.Radiographic examination showed the original breast lesions were fuzzy or disappeared.All the tumors were achieved complete remission (CR) examined by imaging,and the effective rate was 100%.All the postoperative patients survived 1 year according to the follow-up data.Conclusion Interventional MRI is safe and effective method in the radiofrequency ablation of breast cancer.

Objective:To analyse the biological function of anti-IL-6Rβ(gp130) monoclonal antibody and its regulatory effect on IL-6 signaling.Methods:Biological characteristics of anti-IL-6Rβ(gp130) mAb were assessed by Western blot analysis, capture ELISA and peptide ELISA .The phosphorylation of STAT 3 was tested by Western blot analysis in IL-6-stimulated U266/RA-FLS/RA-PBMC with or without anti-IL-6Rβ(gp130) mAb treatment.Results:3 strains of mouse anti-human gp130 mAb were with high affini-ty and different binding epitopes , the kaff of 10A1 was 2.62E-10.In U266, RA-PBMC and RA-SFMC, IL-6 signaling highly activated STAT3 which could be inhibited by anti-gp130 mAb.Conclusion: Anti-IL-6Rβ( gp130 ) mAb might have different binding epitopes and could affect IL-6 stimulated phosphorylation of STAT3, which provides a preliminary experiment for analyse the correlation of IL-6 signaling and RA .