Objective To observe the effect of X-ray radiation on NF-κB-HIF-1α pathway activation in three malignant lymphoma and to explore the mechanism of radioresistance mediated by this pathway.Methods Expression levels of p-P65,IKK and HIF-1α in Namalwa,Ramos and Raji cells were determined by Western blot 1,4,10 and 20 h after 5 Gy X-ray irradiation.The effect of QNZ on HIF-1α expression was also observed.Results Expression level of IKK protein was up-regulated 4 h after irradiation in the 3 lymphoma cell strains( t = 8.01,5.14,5.42,P ＜ 0.01 ),followed by up-regulation of p-P65 protein expression level at 10 h and HIF-1α at 10-20 h after X-ray irradiation (t = 11.25,17.43,22.09,P ＜ 0.01 ).Pretreatment of QNZ 24 h before X-ray irradiation significantly reduced the upregulation of HIF-1α protein expression induced by simple ion radiation ( t = 18.69,19.35,12.26,P ＜0.01 ).Conclusion NF-κB - HIF-1α pathway was activated in human lymphoma cells after ion radiation and may be involved in the mechanism of radioresistance.

Objective To Study the relation between analgesic action of alcohol extraction of Natrix tigrina Lateralis and central nervous system. Methods Manifold ache models of experimental nerve centre were established to observe the analgesic action and degree of alcohol extraction of Natrix tigrina Lateralis to the ache models. Results Alcohol extraction of Natrix tigrina Lateralis had analgesic action to all ache models of nerve centre, and the high-dose group was obviously. Conclusions Analgesic action of alcohol extraction of Natrix tigrina Lateralis is related to effecting on central nerves system, which effects antinociceptive in central nervous.

Objective: To screen out serum protein profiling of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) by surface - enhancedlaser desorption/ ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS) for discovering the discriminatory proteins. Methods: Thirty one women with PCOS and thirty healthy women were detected by Weak Cation Exchange(WCX2)chip. ProteinChip reader and Biomarker Wizard software from Ciphergen Inc were combined with a bioinformatics method (support vector machines, SVM ) to analyze protein fingerprinting. Results: There were 4 proteins which were obviously different between the PCOS group and the control. Three of them were up-regulated, and one down-regulated. To set up a analysis model by SVM using the 4 proteins could successfully distinguish between PCOS and the normal control. The corresponding sensitivity, specificity and positive predict value were 86.7%, 83.3%, 87.2%, resectively. Conclusion: Using ProteinChip technology can screen out serum discriminatory proteins quickly and efficiently. Combined with SVM, an optimal fingerprinting model has been set up, which can easily predict PCOS. In disease state of PCOS, there are significant variations which consist of four proteins. To investigate those four discriminatory proteins, especially the protein m/z 6 628 may be of benefit to pathogenic study and the development of biomarkers for PCOS.

Objective To understand multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) healthcare-associated infection(HAI) in patients with malignant tumor, so as to provide basis for making HAI prevention and control measures.Methods Targeted surveillance method was used to survey MDRO HAI in patients with malignant tumor in a hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2014, WHONET 5.3 software was used to analyze the data.Results A total of 54 056 patients with malignant tumor were surveyed, HAI occurred in 3 542 (6.55%) patients, 847(23.91%)of which were MDRO HAI.Most patients(54.55%) with MDRO HAI were >60 years old.A total of 2 606 bacterial strains were isolated from patients with HAI, 847 (32.50%) of which were MDROs, and most were extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli (n=459, 54.19%).The major site of MDRO HAI was lower respiratory tract (47.34%).The top 3 departments of detection of MDROs were departments of thoracic surgery(17.12%), colorectal and anal surgery(9.92%), and general surgery (8.26%).Conclusion Incidence of MDRO HAI is higher in patients with malignant tumor, surveillance of high risk population and monitoring of antimicrobial resistance of pathogens should be strengthened, so as to reduce the occurrence of HAI.

The dialysis method was employed to prepare blank and doxorubicin (DOX) loaded micelles formed by temperature- and pH- sensitive polyhistidine-co-polyDL-lactide-co-glycolide-co-polyethyleneglycol-co-polyDL-lactide-co-glycolide-co-polyhistidine (PHis-b-PLGA-b-PEG-b-PLGA-b-PHis). The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) of the copolymers were measured with Pyrene Fluorescent Probe Technique. The temperature- and pH- sensitive properties of the blank micelles solution were investigated by optical transmittance measurement. The morphology and diameter of DOX micelles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The entrapment rate and drug-loading rate were determined with dialysis method. The in vitro release study was further performed to examine the temperature- and pH-responsive drug release behavior from DOX-loaded micelles. The results indicated that the CMC, entrapment efficiency and drug-loaded amount of the micelles were 7.5 x 10(-3) g x L(-1), 85.2 +/- 3.1% and 10.4 +/- 4.5%, respectively. The DOX micelle was globular-shaped with a mean diameter of 91.1 +/- 15.8 nm. The transmittance of micelle solution consistently increased with the increasing temperature or decreasing pH. In comparison to the drug release profile at physiological conditions (37 degrees C, pH 7.4), the DOX-loaded micelles showed faster drug release rate at higher temperature (41 degrees C), lower pH (pH 7.0, pH 6.5, pH 5.0) or higher temperature and lower pH (41 degrees C, pH 5.0). This indicated that the micelles showed a temperature and pH-triggered drug release pattern. Base on the above results, it can be concluded that PHis-b-PLGA-b-PEG-b-PLGA-b-PHis block copolymer micelles which respond to temperature and pH stimuli are promising smart carriers for anti-tumor drugs with the advantages of temperature- and pH- triggered drug release.

AIM: To investigate the effects of melatonin (MT) on the immunological function in colon of rats immunological colitis. METHODS: The rats colitis was produced by enema with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid and ethanol. The experiment groups included normal group, model group, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) group (100 mg?kg~(-1)), MT groups (2.5,5.0,10.0 mg?kg~(-1)), and treated intracolon with saline, saline, 5-ASA and MT respectively (once per day, from the d7 after the establishment of colitis model to the end of the experiment). The content of interleukin (IL-1, IL-2) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-? in rats colon were detected; The inflammatory colon were homogenatized and incubated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and designed as control group, model group, 5-ASA group (100?mol/L), MT groups(0.01, 0.1, 1.0 mmol/L). The content of IL-1, IL-2, TNF-?, nitric oxide (NO), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondiadehyde (MDA) in the supernant were detected. RESULTS: In model group, the contents of IL-1, IL-2 and TNF-? in colon elevated remarkably and MT depressed this effectively. In the inflammatory colon homogenates of rats colitis, the content of IL-1, IL-2, TNF-?, NO, LDH, MPO and MDA elevated remarkably, Pretreation with MT depressed the content of IL-1, TNF-?, LDH, MPO and MDA effectively. MT (1.0mmol/L) also reduced the production of NO obviously. CONCLUSION: The abnormal immunological function is shown obviously in rats colitis. MT normalizes this change in vivo and in vitro and attenuates the mucosal damage.

Objective To observe the levels of Th1 and Th2 type cytokines of peripheral blood CD+4 T lymphocytes at different stage of treatment of colonic cancer,in order to find out the laboratory evidence of tumor immunotherapy.Methods The peripheral blood lymphocytes were stimulated by stimulator in order to enhance the expression of cytokines.Then specific fluorescent-conjugated monoclonal antibodies were added to combine with its specific antigens.Cytokines were detected by flow cytometry.Results At different stage of treatment of colonic cancer,the levels of Th1 type cytokines of each stage was significant.The levels of Th2 type cytokines at each stage were not significant.The IFN-γ//IL-4 ratio were significantly different during tumor immunothempy.Conclusion At different stage of treatment of colonic cancer,the levels of Th,type cytokines were obviously associated with treatment.The levels of Th2 type cytokines had no association with treatment.Among them,the changes of Th1/Th2 ratio (IFN-γ/IL-4) had more correlation with tumor immunotherapy.So the reasonable immunotherapy can reverse Th1/Th2 ratio and immune inhibition.

Mitochondria, the power house of cells, are important organelles in eukaryotic cells. Having their own unique and complete DNA (mtDNA) and genetic system, mitochondria play an essential role in cellular energy metabolism, intracel?lular signaling and apoptotic pathways, as well as many other biological functions, which are closely related with cellular met?abolic network. A disruption of mitochondrial genes can therefore result in mitochondrial dysfunction and human diseases, thus they have been widely used in molecular biology, development biology, genetics, forensic identification and clinical diag?nosis. Consequently, sequencing mitochondrial genome has shown great significance in mitochondrial structure and function research. In this review, research progress in mitochondrial genome sequencing method is summarized, mainly focusing on Sanger sequencing, long-PCR and next-generation sequencing. Also rolling circle amplification and indirect sequencing of mtDNA are reviewed. The ambiguities caused by numts in indirect sequencing are mentioned and resolved.

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is one of the leading causes of death in ICU patients.However,there have been few studies on the role of MODS as a cause of death in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI),particularly in those at advanced age.Our study aimed to investigate the incidence and to identify the predicting factors of MODS in elderly patients with AMI.Methods We identified consecutive patients with AMI who were discharged from the Chinese PLA General Hospital between January 1993 to June 2006.Medical records of 800 consecutive patients aged 60 years or over were analyzed retrospectively.Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine factors predicting in-hospital development of MODS.Results Twenty-seven (3.4%) patients developed MODS within 30 days after AMI.Compared with patients without MODS,patients with MODS had higher in-hospital mortality rates (55.6% vs 11.6%,P＜0.001 ) and more frequent complications of cardiogenic shock (25.9% vs 6.2%,P＜0.001),heart failure (HF) (59.3% vs 18.2%,P＜0.001 ),cardiac arrhythmia (44.4% vs 26.4%,P＜0.05) and pneumonia (55.6% vs 16.3%,P＜0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the major predictors for the occurrence of MODS secondary to AMI were advanced age (≥ 75 years,odds ratio 2.64,95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13 to 6.61),heart rate/＞ 100 bpm on admission (odds ratio 1.74,[CI] 1.14 to 2.64),in-hospital complication of HF (odds ratio 3.03,[CI] 1.26 to 7.26) and pneumonia (odds ratio 2.82,[CI] 1.18 to 6.77).Conclusions MODS is not the uncommon complication in elderly patients with AMI and is associated with poor prognosis.Advanced age,heart failure and pneumonia are predictors of the development of MODS in patients with AMI.(J Geriatr Cardiol 2008;5:199-202)

Aim To investigate the gender differences in electrophysiology and neuroanatomy of myelinated and unmyelinated visceral and baroreceptor afferent neurons(VANs and ABNs) of adult rats.Methods VANs and ABNs were isolated enzymatically and Vagus-nodose slice preparation was also applied in this study.For identification of ABNs,aortic depressor nerve(ADN) was labeled using fluorescent dye.Whole-cell patch technique was used to record action potential(AP).Electronic microscopy was selected for morphological analysis of ADN.Results(1) A-and C-type VANs were identified and significant differences of AP discharge profiles between female and male were not established;(2) except for the traditionally classified A-and C-types,myelinated Ah-type VGNs were also identified with faster conduction velocity,lower firing threshold,and higher neuronal excitability.Importantly,these Ah-types were found in female rats with a similar frequency like A-types but rarely seen in males.(3) Ah-type ABNs were also identified by fluorescence.(4) Morphological data showed that myelinated fiber in ADN was ~25% of total and this result was consistent with our electrophysiological data.(5) Firing frequency of Ah-types(20~40 Hz) was lowered than that of A-types(40~150 Hz,P