Objective To analyze electrophysiology of peripheral nerve in uremic patients. Methods 24 uremic patients and 19 normalvolunteers were included, surface electrodes were used to observe the electrophysiology performance, including tibial nerve, peroneal nerve,sural nerve and skin sympathetic response. Results The motor conduction, sensory conduction and skin sympathetic response were significantlydifferent between uremia patients and normal volunteers (P<0.05). The electrophysiology performance showed that F wave latencyprolonged, nerve conduction slowed, distal latencies prolonged, sensory fibers damaged more serious than motor fibers. Conclusion Peripheralneuropathy is one of the most common complications in uremia patients, neural electrophysiological abnormalities are significantly earlierthan clinical symptoms, nerve electrophysiological examination is of great significance in diagnosis and evaluation uremic peripheralneuropathy.

Objective To investigate the application and nursing care of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)by fiberoptic bronchoscopy in patients with mechanical ventilation. Methods 64 patients with mechanical ventilation in RICU were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 32 patients in each group. The patients in both groups were accepted anti-infection, atomization inhalation and other supportive treatments. The patients in the observation group were treated with BAL, and the patients in the control group accepted routine treatment. The therapeutic effects in the two groups were evaluated and compared. Results There was significant difference in the recovery rate and effective rate, the blood gas analysis compared with the control group was significantly improved, the time of pulmonary infection control window, mechanical ventilation, length of stay were shorter than the control group. The case number to remove ventilator successfully, organs failure and hospital mortality were less than the control group. Conclusions Fiberoptic bronchoscopy with BAL treatment could be safety and efficacy for patients with mechanical ventilation. Nursing intervention plays an important role and a good therapeutic effect for improving achievement ratio of BAL.

Objective To compare Th1/Th2 drift situation in patients with lymphoma with that in patients with solid tumors, and establish the effective immune function detectable criterion of lymphoma in biological treatment process. Methods The whole blood samples of 10 patients with lymphoma, 202 patients with solid tumors including 36 patients with upper digestive tract cancer, 64 colorectal cancer, 43 lung cancer and 20 the other malignancies, and 30 healthy persons as controls were collected. Stimulation agent was used to stimulate the cells in order to increase cell factor expression and fluorescent labeled specific anti-cytokine monoclonal antibody was used to bind with specific antigen. The expression of specific cytokines was detected by flow cytometry. Results Positive percentages of IFN- γ and IL-4 and ratio of IFN- γ /IL-4 in CD+4 T cells of human peripheral blood had statistically differences between in patients with lymphoma and controls (P < 0.05). The ratio of Thl/Th2 (CD+4 intracellular cytokine INF-α/IL-4) in patients with lymphoma was lower than that in patients with upper digestive tract cancers (esophagus and stomach cancers) (P = 0.023), however, had no statistical differences with that in patients with other solid tumors (colorectal, lung, kidney, breast and other tumors), but had a downward trend. Conclusion Immune functions in patients with lymphoma are lower than those in patients with solid tumors and immune treatment is a necessary to adjuvant chemotherapy. The ratio of Th1/Th2 (INF- α/IL-4) is expected to become effective detection criterion.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Emergency Treatment ; Female ; Gas Poisoning ; nursing ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the positional relationship of lumbar nerve roots and its main adjacent structures with CT data, and to conduct 3D construction and measurement,so as to provide anatomical basis for percutaneous lumbar diskectomy(PLD).Methods CT serial tomography dataset of 30 healthy adults' lumbosacral portions were imported into Mimics 17.0 software to segment related structures and obtain the layers of different structures.The structures were 3D reconstructed and virtually demonstrated.The lumbar nerve roots and their main surrounding structures were observed and measured.Results The minimum distances between the lumbar nerve roots and the superior articular processes increased gradually from L3 to L4 intervertebral disc layer to L5 to S1 intervertebral disc layer.The 3D model clearly displayed the morphology and spatial relationship of the lumbar nerve roots and their adjacent structures in lumbosacral portion.The lower the lumbar intervertebral discs were,the thicker they were.The distances from the middle point of the back of lumbar intervertebral disc to the end of the superior spinous process of lumbar vertebra increased at first and decreased then,and the distance in L3 to L4 intervertebral disc layer was the farthest.Conclusion The relationship between lumbar nerve roots and superior articular processes,the intervertebral disc thickness variance and the change of the distances from lumbar intervertebral disc to the end of the superior spinous process have been analyzed in this study,and the clinic basis has been laid for percutaneous lumbar diskectomy.

The on-line monitor for the changes in the content of baicalin in Scutellariae Radix formula particles during the extraction process was conducted by using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used as a reference method. Kennard-Stone (KS) was used to divide sample sets, so as to compare different pretreatment methods. The synergy interval partial least squares (SiPLS) was used to screen out modeling wave band to establish partial least-squares models. The relative error method was applied to predict forecast set samples of Scutellariae Radix in three extraction phases. The results showed that the model established by Savitzky-Golay smoothing with 11 points (SG11 points) was the best, with the root mean square with cross validation (RMSECV), root mean square error of correction (RMSEC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of baicalin of 0.092 7, 0.134 4 and 0.114 8, respectively, the determination coefficient R2 of greater than 0.99, and the relative error of baicalin content of less than 5%. This indicates that the on-line near infrared reflectance spectroscopy could be applied in on-line monitor and quality control of the extraction process of Scutellariae Radix formula particles.
Automation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Quality Control ; Scutellaria baicalensis ; chemistry ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods

Phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PEAMT) is a key enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of phosphocholine, which is an important precursor of phosphatidylcholine and glycine betaine. A 1249bp 5'-flanking region of phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene was isolated by anchored PCR, based on the cDNA sequence of PEAMT from halophyte Salicornia europaea. The transcription start site was identified as A and localized at 301bp upstream of the ATG according to the results of RLM-RACE. In SePEAMT promoter region, many potential cis-acting elements were predicted by PlantCARE and PLACE programs. Aside from the basal transcriptional elements TATA-box and CAAT-box, some stress-responsive motifs such as ABRE, HSE and LTR were found. In addition, some pollen-specific activation-related elements were also present in this region. Binary expression vector was constructed by fusing SePEAMT promoter with GUS gene and designated as pPro. The pPro was transferred into tobacco by Agrobacterium-medicated transformation and transient GUS expression analysis indicated that SePEAMT promoter could drive strong GUS expression.

Objective To compare the various surgical procedures commonly used to treat ampullary neoplasms.Methods The clinical data of 238 patients with ampullary tumor who were admitted to the Peking Union Hospital from January 1995 to June 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 51 patients with benign ampullary adenomas (34 patients treated with local tumor resection,17 patients treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy) and 187 patients with ampullary cancer (25 patients treated with ampulla local excision,162 patients treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy).Results For both ampullary cancer and benign tumor,the group of patients who received local excision was superior to the group of patients who received pancreaticoduodenectomy in operative time,blood loss,hospital stay,and incidence of postoperative complications (all P＜0.05).For benign ampullary adenomas,there were no significant differences in postoperative median survival time between local resection and pancreaticoduodenectomy (P=0.071,x2 =2.003).For stage T1 or T2 ampullary cancer,there was also no significant difference in the postoperative median survival time (P=0.054,x2=3.163).However,the postoperative median survival time of the pancreaticoduodenectomy group was significantly longer than that of the local resection group for patients with stage T3 or T4 ampullary cancer (P=0.041,x2 =6.309).Conclusions Ampullary tumors are characterized by relatively good response to treatment.The results suggested that for patients with benign ampullary adenomas and stage T1 or T2 of ampullary cancer,local resection is a good surgical procedure.For patients with ampullary cancer at more advanced stages (T3 or T4),pancreaticoduodenectomy is the first choice of therapy.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for bacteria1 endotoxin test for Peramivir hydrate and sodium chloride injec-tion. METHODS:Maximum non-interference concentration of the sample with different batohes were used for interference test. was determined by interference test according to endotoxin gel method stated in Chinese Pharmacopiea (2010 edition)and bacterial en-edotoxintest by tachypleus amebocyte lysate from 2 manufact urers. RESULTS:The interference on bacterial endotoxin test could be excluded when the sample was diluted to 2.5 mg/ml and the limit of bacterial endotoxins was 0.5 EU/ml. CONCLUSIONS:The established method can be used to detect the bacterial endotoxin of Peramivir hydrate and sodium chloride injection.

Animals ; Female ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; Memory ; drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Toluene ; administration & dosage ; toxicity