Objective To investigate the relationship between microalbuminuria to estimated glomerular filtration rate (mALB/GFR) ratio and incidence of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) after underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Between March 2010 to August 2011, a total of 137 patients who underwent PCI were selected. Anthropometric measures, lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose, CRP, base creatinine and microalbuminuria were measured before operation. Glomerular filtration rate was calculated by MDRD formula. Contrast volume (CV) was recorded after the operation for each patient. Serum creatinine was measured 24 h, 48 h, 72 h after operation, respectively. CIN was defined as an increase in serum creatinine levels of 25% or 44 μmol/L or more from baseline within 72 h after PCI. All patients were divided into group A (CIN group) and group B (No CIN group). Results Eighteen (13.1%) patients developed CIN(group A). The others were group B (no CIN group). The level of CRP, base creatinine, microalbuminuria and mALB/GFR in group A were significantly higher than that in group B ( P < 0 . 01 ) . GFR in group A was lower than that in group B (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the level of base creatinine , microalbuminuria GFR and mALB/GFR were independent risk factors of CIN occurrence (P < 0.05). The receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis indicated that a mALB/ GFR ratio of 1.17 was a fair discriminator for CIN,and sensitivity were 94.1%, specifity were 72.5%. Conclusion A mALB/ GFR ratio was a independent predictor of CIN after PCI.

Objective To discuss the application effect of evidence-based nursing in preventing the phlebitis using the method of Meta analysis,and provide basis for clinical prevention of phlebitis.Methods The randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the evidence-based nursing in preventing the phlebitis were collected using the databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Periodical Databases,Chinese Science Technology Periodical Databases (VIP) and PubMed which were analyzed by RevMan 5.0 software.Results Seven RCTs were included in the study.The results of meta-analysis revealed that the incidence of the phlebitis was effectively prevented by evidence-based nursing.Conclusions The evidence-based nursing can reduce the incidence of the phlebitis.

Objective To use the method of Meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of the evidencebased nursing in preventing the deep vein thrombosis after orthopaedic surgery,to provide the basis for clinical prevention of DVT.Methods The randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the evidence-based nursing in preventing the DVT were collected using the databases of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang Periodical Databases,Chinese Science Technology Periodical Databases (VIP) and PubMed and analyzed by RevMan 5.2 software.Results Nine RCTs were included in the study.The results of Meta-analysis revealed that the incidence of the DVT could be effectively prevented by evi-dencebased nursing.Conclusions The evidence-based nursing can reduce the incidence of the DVT after orthopaedic surgery.

Objective To evaluate the conventional ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in diagnosis of splenic trauma including its grading diagnosis. Methods US and CEUS in 42 patients with splenic trauma confirmed by CT and/or operation were performed during 9.2004-10.2007. All the data were compared and analyzed retrospectively. Results Of 42 patients with splenic trauma, 28 cases were detected and 14 cases were missed on US examination, whereas, 40 cases were detected and only 2 mild cases were missed on CEUS examination. The detection rate of lesions with CEUS was significantly higher than that of US (P<0.001) . Ten cases in grading the injury were underestimated by US, however, none of them were underestimated by CEUS. CEUS had good concordance with CT and/or operation in grading diagnosis of 42 cases except two mild cases. Conclusions CEUS has very good concordance with CT and/or operation in detecting injury and grading the splenic trauma compared with conventional US. CEUS as a new imaging technology has made great advance of ultrasoongraphy in evaluation of splenic trauma including injury grading,and it is very useful in clinical application.

Objective To investigate the influence of acupuncture therapy on neural stem cell (NCS) proliferation and differentiation in the hippocampus of the senescence-accelerated prone-8 (SAP8) mouse. Methods Twenty-four SAP8 mice were randomly and equally divided into a model group and an acupuncture group. Twelve senescence-accelerated resistant ( SAR1 ) mice served as the control group. Acupuncture was administered at the Baihui (DU20) point to mice in the acupuncture group once daily for 21 consecutive days. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was used to detect the proliferation and differentiation of NCSs in the hippocampus through double-labeled immunofluoresSAR1 group, the positive cells in the SAP8 group were significantly fewer Compared to the SAP8 group, positive cells markers of neuron or glia cell positive cells appeared. Compared to the SAR1 group, the expression of BrdU/GFAP increased in the SAP8 group, and decreased after acupuncture but not significantly. BrdU/S-100 β cells decreased significantly in the SAP8 group, and increased after acupuncture, but again not significantly. Compared to the SAR1 group BrdU/GalC positive cells increased significantly in the SAP8 group and decreased significantly after acupuncture.Conclusions After acupuncture treatment for 21 days, the differentiation of hippocampal NSCs into oligodendrocytes was inhibited, but there was little effect on their differentiating into neurons and immature astrocytes.

Objective: To study the energy metabolism on adults with abnormal body weight. Method: Twenty four men aged 20-30 years old were chosen as the subjects whose BMI were more than 25 in obesity group, less than 18.5 in lean group and from 18.5 to 23 in normal group. K4b2 expiry monitor was used to study the energy metabolism of the subjects. Results: The total food intakes, the total energy intakes and the basal metabolism expenditure of the obese subjects were significantly higher than those in the normal and the lean group (P

Objective To evaluate the impact of programmed nursing intervention based on MEWS for potential accidents in critical patients.Methods The randomized controlled trials (RCT) on programmed nursing intervention based on MEWS for potential accidents in critical patients were collected using the databases of PubMed,Medline,FMJS,CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP.Data were analyzed with RevMan5.0 software.Results Four RCTs were included in the study.All were Chinese articles.The incidence of accidents in the intervention group was significandy lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions Programmed nursing intervention based on MEWS can effectively reduce the potential accidents happened in critical patients.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the bundle of care interventions in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the mechanic ventilated patients.Methods The randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the bundle of care interventions in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were collected using the databases of PubMed,Medline,Embase,Cochrane library,China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Wanfang Periodical Databases and Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Databases (VIP),data were analyzed by RevMan5.0 software.Results Ten RCTs were included in the study.The results of Meta-analysis revealed that the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia,mechanical ventilation time,ICU length of hospital stay and the mortality rate in the intervention group were different from the control group,the difference had statistical significance.Conclusions The bundle of care interventions can reduce the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia,mechanical ventilation time,ICU length of hospital stay and the mortality rate.

In recent years, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCTs) are very favorable to the adsorption of middle molecular substances in the hemoperfusion because of their multiporous structure, large surface area and high reactivity, which are beneficial to the excellent absorption properties. The purpose of this study was to study the MWCTs on the adsorption capacity of the middle molecular substances. Vitamin B12 (VB12) was selected as a model of the middle molecular substances. The morphologies of MWCTs and activated carbon from commercial "carbon kidney" were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The adsorption behavior of VB12 was compared to each other with UV-visible absorption spectra. The MWCTs formed a sophistaicate gap structure, and compared to the activated carbon, MWCTs had a larger surface area. By Langmuir equation and Freundlich equation fitting analysis, VB12 adsorption on MWCTs is fit for multi-molecular layer adsorption, and the adsorption type of activated carbon is more inclined to the model corresponding to Langmuir monolayer adsorption. The adsorption rate of MWCTs is faster than that of the activated carbon and the adsorption capacity is greater, which could be expected to become the new adsorbent in the hemoperfusion.
Adsorption ; Charcoal ; chemistry ; Nanotubes, Carbon ; chemistry ; Porosity ; Toxins, Biological ; chemistry ; Vitamin B 12 ; chemistry

Objective To analyze variations of hepatic vein in healthy people with 64-slice spiral CT.Methods Seventy-five healthy subjects underwent multi-slice spiral computed(MSCT)hepatic venography.The anatomy of the junction of the hepatic veins with the inferior vena cava and the intrahepatic drainage territory of the hepatic veins and tributaries were evaluated.The hepatic veins were classified according to three anatomic classification(Nakamura's,Marcos's and Kawasaki's classification)methods respectively.Results There was a common trunk of the middle and left hepatic veins before joining the IVC in 86.7%(65/75)of the cases.In 13.3%(10/75)of the cases,the three main hepatic veins joined the IVC separately.The ratios of Nakamura's classification type A,B,C of hepatic veins were 49.4% (37/75),37.3%(28/75),and 13.3%(10/75)respectively.The ratios of Marcos's classification type A,B,C of hepatic veins were 56.0%(42/75),24.0%(18/75),and 20.0%(15/75)respectively. The ratios of Kawasaki's classification type Ⅰ,Ⅱ of hepatic vein were 40.0%(30/75)and 60.0% (45/75).Conclusion Multi-slice spiral CT hepatic venography can provide visualization of peripheral hepatic venous branches in details.