Objective To explore the baggy eyelids anaplasty through posterior orbital septum fat displacement. Methods Orbital septum and posterior orbital septum fat were exposed through palpebral margin incision, internal orbital septum fat was released and sutured with arcuate expansion of capsulopalpebral fascia at the middle lower eyelid, which was taken as the function of tighting the flaccid lower eyelid at transverse direction. On such a basis, the muscle and skin were repaired and so did orbital septum and baggy eyelids.Results Ofthe 38 patients with this operation, baggy eyelids anaplasty was performed with satisfactory results.Conclusion The method of baggy eyelids plasty through posterior orbital septum fat displacement could reduce hemorrhage, prevent enophthalmos and decrease baggy eye palindromia, with better long-term effects.

Massive burn trauma is characterized by hypovolemic shock induced by the loss of plasma from vessels. The major reasons for this systemic microvascular leakage in burns include an increase in vascular permeability triggered by inflammatory mediators and the increase of vascular hydrostatic pressure caused by vessel dilation. The maintenance of normal vascular permeability depends on the integrity of endothelial barrier function regulated by the interaction of intracellular junctions, cell-matrix adhesion and the cytoskeleton contractile force. This review summarizes some recent discovery in endothelial mechanisms during burn-induced vascular hyperpermeability.
Actins ; metabolism ; Burns ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Capillary Permeability ; Cytoskeleton ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; metabolism ; Humans ; Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase ; metabolism ; rho-Associated Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo discuss the clinical effects and superiority of applying external fixation and bone transport to treat osteomyelitis and bone defect of femoral bone.

METHODSFrom August 2008 to December 2013,16 patients with osteomyelitis and bone defect of femoral bone were treated including 11 males and 5 females with an average age of 42 years old ranging from 13 to 62 years old. The average course of disease was 18 months ranging from 2 months to 4.5 years, and the average length of bone defect was 7.8 cm ranging from 4.5 to 15 cm. The bone defect of all cases were treated by external fixation and bone transport, the bone transport began at 1 week after operation, 1 mm per day and 4 times per day.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 10 to 36 months (means 22.5 months). One patient did not cooperate with treatment leads to the failure, then took the amputation. The remaining 15 cases of osteomyelitis were under control, including 12 cases of bone transport achieved one stage bone union, 3 cases achieved bone union via bone graft from iliac bone. The bone union time was 5 to 13 months(means 7.9 months). Thirteen patients almost obtained the same length of two lower extremities,2 patients had shortening of 1.5 to 2 cm. The time of moving the external fixation was from 6 to 16 months (means 9.3 months).

CONCLUSIONApplication of external fixation and bone transport is an effective method in treating the osteomyelitis and bone defect that can control the infection, eradicate wounds, and be the equalization of limb length.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Transplantation ; External Fixators ; Female ; Femur ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteomyelitis ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dose and time-dependent effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on cytoskeletal F-acitn and G-actin reorganizations by visualizing their distribution and measuring their contents in human umbilical vein endothelial cell line ECV-304.

METHODSF-actin was labeled with rhodamine-phalloidin and G-actin with deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I)conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). Contents of cytoskeletal proteins were obtained by flow cytometry.

RESULTSF-actin was mainly distributed peripherally in endothelial cells under normal conditions. LPS stimulation caused the formation of stress fibers and filopodia. G-actin was normally seen in perinuclear and nuclear areas in control ECV-304 cells. Under LPS stimulation, G-actin dots appeared in the cytoplasmic region. The actin disorganization was accompanied by the time- and dose- dependent decrease in F-actin pool and increase in G-actin pool.

CONCLUSIONSLPS can induce characteristic morphological alterations of actin cytoskeleton and formation of intercellular gap in endothelial cells, accompanied by changes in F-actin and G-actin pools.

Actins ; drug effects ; Analysis of Variance ; Cells, Cultured ; Deoxyribonuclease I ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Endothelial Cells ; chemistry ; Escherichia coli ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; Fluorescent Dyes ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Phalloidine ; Rhodamines ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology

Objective:To study the association between the rs2013162 and rs2235375 polymorphisms in IRF6 and risk of NSCL/P in west Chinese population. Methods: The study group consisted of 332 NSCL/P patients, their parents (289 mothers, 243 fathers and 206 complete families), and 174 controls. PCR-RFLP method was used to identify genotypes and both case-parent and case-control designs were carried out on samples from west China. Results: There were significant differences in the frequency distributions of both genotypes and alleles when cases were compared with control infants at the rs2235375(P<0.01, P<0.01 respectively). We found strong evidence of over-transmission of the G allele at rs2235375 in cleft case-parent trios(P<0.01). Five specific haplotypes showed significant over-and under-transmission. Conclusion: These results suggest IRF6 variants play a role in NSCL/P in west Chinese populations.

Increase of microvascular permeability is one of the most important pathological events in the pathogenesis of trauma and burn injury. Massive leakage of fluid from vascular space leads to lose of blood plasma and decrease of effective circulatory blood volume, resulting in formation of severe tissue edema, hypotension or even shock, especially in severe burn injury. Fluid resuscitation has been the only valid approach to sustain patient's blood volume for a long time, due to the lack of overall and profound understanding of the mechanisms of vascular hyperpermeability response. There is an emerging concept in recent years that some so-called barrier stabilizing mediators play a positive role in preventing the increase of vascular permeability. These mediators may be released in response to proinflammatory mediators and serve to restore endothelial barrier function. Some of these stabilizing mediators are important even in quiescent state because they preserve basal vascular permeability at low levels. This review introduces some of these mediators and reveals their underlying signaling mechanisms during endothelial barrier enhancing process.
Burns ; Capillary Permeability ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans ; Permeability

Objective To investigate the proliferation rule after autografl vein in autografl of vein and repairing arterial defect,discuss the minuteness structure changes related to time,and provide morphological date for the prevention and treatment of restenosis in clinic application.Methods Sixty canine femoral veins (3.5 cm and 5.5 cm) were excised,reversed and grafted to repairing femoral arterial defect using end- to-end anastomosis.During the period of 30-180 days excised the grafted veins,observed ultrastrural changes of endothelium,microstructural components relative content and patency in grafted veins through angiography, lipht microscope.Results Angiography show that the grafted vein wall get gradually thicker,vascular cavity get slender,and vessel elasticity shrinkage.Light microscope chalrify the ultrastructural changes of endotheh- um,the three lamine structure of grafted vascular wall could not be identified.Conclusion Grafted femoral veins had obviously arteriosclerosis trend after it was transplanted to the arterial system.Two months after the transplantation is the crisis time of the proliferation of the vascular wall.The effect of the proliferation of the grafted veins vascular wall and the impact of the hi-pressure of blood can lead some canine ruptured to die from pseudoaneurysms.

OBJECTIVETo understand the role of KCNE2 in functional regulation of Kv4.3, the major alpha subunit of transient outward current (I(to)) in human heart.

METHODSThe cDNAs of Kv4.3 or Kv4.3 plus KCNE2 were transfected into COS-7 cells and 24-36 h after the transfection, the channel proteins were expressed in the surface membrane of the cells and the channel currents were recorded with patch-clamp technique in whole-cell mode.

RESULTSKCNE2 played an important role in modulating the channel function. The recorded current density was decreased in cells co-expressing KCNE2 and Kv4.3 to 152.96-/+33.71 pA/pF (n=16) as compared with Kv4.3-expressing cells with a mean current density of 375.13-/+112.87 pA/pF (n=11). At the recording voltage of 60 mV, KCNE2 increased the time to peak (TTP) of the current. TTP in only Kv4.3-expressing cells was 4.82-/+0.32 ms (n=11), significantly shorter than the TTP of 20.41-/+2.13 ms (n=16) in cells co-expressing Kv4.3 and KCNE2 (P<0.05). In the presence of KCNE2, the voltage-dependent inactivation of Kv4.3 showed a positive shift. The voltage of half maximum inactivation (V(0.5)) was decreased significantly from -53.62-/+1.24 mV (n=8) in Kv4.3 group to -46.58-/+1.6 mV (n=10) in KCNE2 co-expression group (P<0.05). KCNE2 accelerated the recovery of the channel from inactivation, reducing the recovery time constant (tau) from 193.43-/+17.98 ms to 137.71-/+18.29 ms.

CONCLUSIONKCNE2 might serve as an important beta subunit and play a role in the regulation of I(to) function in human heart.

Animals ; COS Cells ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Humans ; Kv Channel-Interacting Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Membrane Potentials ; physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Shal Potassium Channels ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Transfection

The present study aimed to determine the role of Rho/Rho kinase (Rho/ROCK) phosphorylation on advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced morphological and functional changes in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs). HMVECs were respectively incubated with different concentrations of AGEs-modified human serum albumin (AGEs-HSA) for different time. In some other cases, HMVECs were pretreated with ROCK inhibitors (H-1152 or Y-27632). The morphological changes of F-actin cytoskeleton were visualized by rhodamine-phalloidin staining and the phosphorylation of Rho and ROCK were determined by Western blot. Endothelial monolayer permeability was assessed by measuring the flux of FITC-albumin across the endothelial cells. The results showed that the distribution of F-actin was significantly altered by AGEs-HSA in time and dose-dependent patterns. These effects were inhibited by ROCK inhibitors. The phosphorylation of Rho and RCOK was remarkably increased by AGEs-HSA treatment while total Rho and ROCK protein levels were not affected. The permeability of endothelial monolayer was dramatically increased by AGEs-HSA, and both ROCK inhibitors (H-1152 or Y-27632) attenuated these hyperpermeability responses. The results obtained suggest that the phosphorylation of Rho/ROCK plays an important role in AGEs-induced morphological and functional alterations in HMVECs.
1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Actin Cytoskeleton ; metabolism ; Actins ; metabolism ; Amides ; pharmacology ; Endothelial Cells ; metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Phalloidine ; analogs & derivatives ; Phosphorylation ; Pyridines ; pharmacology ; Rhodamines ; Serum Albumin ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Serum Albumin, Human ; Signal Transduction ; rho-Associated Kinases ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the homogeneity of the proficiency test samples to verify whether it meets the requirements of the comparison in international reference laboratory.Methods According to the Guidance on Evaluating the Homogeneity and Stability of Samples Used for Proficiency Testing (CNAS-GL03),14 biochemical indexes including ALT,AST,ALP,GGT,CK,LDH,TP,T-Bil,Urea,Cr,UA,Glu,TG and TC in the past three years (from 2014 to 2016)were tested by the Roche detection system Modular P800 Biochemical analyzer.The mean ((x)),standard deviation (s)and coefficient of variation (CV)of the samples were calculated.One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)was performed and the guideline of Ss ≤0.3σ was used to evaluate the between-bottle differences.Results The results showed that the CVs of AST in RELA 2014A and B were higher than 2.0％.The CVs of CK were over 2％ in all tests except for RELA 2016B.The results of ANOVA for RELA samples demonstrated that the F value of CK was over the critical value 4.39,which was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The F values of the ALT and T-Bil in 2015B and the Cr in 2014A were also over 4.39 (P ＜ 0.05) respectively,while the F values of other measurements were less than the critical value of F,indicating there was no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).The CK measurement data Ss ＞ 0.3σ in all the samples by the guideline of Ss ≤ 0.3σ,suggesting that there was a between-bottle difference in CK.The other indexes were Ss ≤ 0.3σ,showing no between-bottle difference in those items.Conclusion There were significant differences between the bottles of the CK item in the past three years,and the homogeneity of all the other items in the samples could meet the requirements of Proficiency Testing for the international reference laboratory.