Adult ; Career Mobility ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Intention ; Job Satisfaction ; Male ; Personnel Turnover ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective To investigate the differences of blood glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels between the patients with acute cerebral infarction and healthy controls, and explore the relation between HbA1c level and both neurological deficits scores and imaging of lesions in number. Methods One hundred and eighty-six patients with acute cerebral infarction within 1 week were performed neurological deficits scales after the admission; the HbA1c level was measured within 24 h admission; brain MRI scan was performed on these patients 48 h after onset or stabilization. Glucose tolerance test was taken at the rehabilitation of infarction (except for having a clear history of diabetes before). At the same time, 160 healthy controls were checked on the level of HbA1c and taken the glucose tolerance test. The differences of blood HbA1c levels between the patients with acute cerebral infarction and healthy controls were investigated; and the relation between HbA1c level and both neurological deficits scores and imaging of lesions in number was explored. Results The HbA1c level in patients with acute cerebral infarction (6.982%±1.803%) was significantly higher than that in the controls (5.128%±0.592%, P<0.05). The level of HbA1c in patients with cerebral infarction and the neurological deficits scores were positively correlated (r=0.760, P<0.05). The level of HbA1c in patients with 2 lesions (6.635%±0.427%) was obviously higher than that in patients with 1 lesion (5.803%±0.307%, P<0.05); The level of HbA1c in patients with 3 or more lesions (8.571%±0.519%) was obviously higher than that in patients with 1 or 2 lesions (P<0.05). Conclusion Diabetes is a major risk factor for cerebral infarction. High HbA1c level might cause a series of cerebrovascular diseases, thus it is an important factor in the happening of cerebral infarction and HbA1c level is an important indicator of the early assessment of the severity of the diseases. The incidence of cerebral infarction can be decreased by controlling hyperglycaemia, lowering the HbA1c levels.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of hemoperfusion on oxidative stress status and the levels of matrix metallo proteinase (MMP-2, MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) in lungs, livers and kidneys in paraquat poisoning rabbits, and to explore the mechanism of therapeutic effects induced by HP on acute paraquat poisoning.

METHODSSeventy eight rabbits were randomly divided into normal control group (N group, n=6), exposure groups (PQ group, n=24), hemoperfusion treatment group (HP treatment group, n= 24) and blank control group (HP group, n=24). The PQ, HPQ and HP groups were divided into 4 observation time groups (1, 3, 7 and 21 d). N group was exposed to 5 ml normal saline and PQ group was exposed to 50 mg/kg PQ by oral gavage. In 1 h after PQ exposure, HPQ group was exposed to the activated carbon hemoperfusion for 2 h. The content or activity of MDA, SOD and GSH-Px in lungs, livers and kidneys were detected, the expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured with immunohistochemical SP method for all groups.

RESULTSThe contents of MDA in lungs, livers and kidneys of PQ and HPQ groups decreased and the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in lungs, livers and kidneys of PQ and HPQ groups increased with observation time. The expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in PQ and HPQ groups enhanced on the first day, PQ group was most obvious. Along with the observation time extended, all kinds of positive expression were still high. Compared with normal control group, the activities of serum SOD and GSH-Px in PQ and HPQ groups declined significantly, but the contents of serum MDA increased; the expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung, liver and kidney tissues increased obviously, the ration between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 significantly increased (P < 0.05). Compared with PQ group, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in HPQ group significantly increased, the content of MDA declined, the expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung, liver and kidney tissues declined obviously, the ration between MMP-9 and TIMP-1 significantly declined, but higher than N group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe oxidative stress and MMPs may be involved in the pathogenesis of tissue injuries induced by paraquat. The treatment with HP could obviously reduce oxidative stress and the expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TIMP-1, enhance the ration between MMP-9 and TIMP-1. So HP treatment could play a role in rescuing the PQ poisoning and protecting the organs function.

Animals ; Female ; Hemoperfusion ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Rabbits ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dynamic changes of oxidative stress and nuclear factor-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression in the lung tissues of acute hydrogen sulfide (H2S) intoxicated rats and intervention effects of ulinastatin (UTI).

METHODSA total of 96 SD rats of clean grade were divided randomly into four groups: normal control group (n = 8), UTI control group (n = 8), H2S -intoxicated model group (n = 40), and UTI treatment group (n = 40). The H2S-intoxicated model group and UTI treatment group were exposed to H2S (283.515 mg/m3) by inhalation for 1h, then UTI treatment group was intraperitoneally exposed to UTI at the dose of 10(5) U/kg for 2 h. H2S-intoxicated model group and UTI treatment group were sacrificed at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after exposure, respectively. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione (GSH) in the rat lung tissues were measured. The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA in the rat lung tissues were detected. Pathological changes of rat lung tissues were observed under a light microscope and the lung injury scores were evaluated.

RESULTSCompared with control group, the pulmonary SOD, CAT and GSH levels at 2,6 and 12 h after exposure and the pulmonary GSH-Px levels at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after exposure in H2S-intoxicated model group significantly decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The levels of pulmonary MDA at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after exposure in H2S-intoxicated model group were significantly higher than those in normal control group (P < 0.01). As compared with H2S -intoxicated model group, the pulmonary GSH-Px activities at 6 and 12 h after exposure, the pulmonary CAT activities at 2, 6 and 12 h after exposure, the pulmonary GSH levels at 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after exposure and the pulmonary SOD activities at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after exposure in UTI treatment group significantly increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), the pulmonary MDA levels at 2, 6 and 12 h after exposure in UTI treatment group significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The expression levels of Nrf2 mRNA at 2, 6, 12, 24 h after exposure in H2S-intoxicated model group were 0.314 +/- 0.011, 0.269 +/- 0.010, 0.246 +/- 0.011 and 0.221 +/- 0.018, respectively, which were significantly higher than those (0.149 +/- 0.012) in control group (P < 0.01). As compared with H2S-intoxicated model group, the expression levels (0.383 +/- 0.017, 0.377 +/- 0.014, 0.425 +/- 0.017, 0.407 +/- 0.011 and 0.381 +/- 0.010) of Nrf2 mRNA at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after exposure in UTI treatment group significantly increased (P < 0.01). The lung injury at 24 h after exposure in H2S-intoxicated model group was higher than that in UTI treatment group. Histopathological examination showed that the scores of lung injury at 12, 24 and 48 h after exposure in UTI treatment group was significantly lower than those in H2S-intoxicated model group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONOxidative stress and Nrf2 activation may be the important factors in rat lung injury induced by H2S-intoxicated, UTI may reduce the rat lung injury and protect the rat lung from damage induced by H2S by inhibiting ROS, improving the imbalance in redox and up-regulating Nrf2 mRNA expression.

Acute Lung Injury ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Animals ; Glycoproteins ; pharmacology ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; poisoning ; Lung ; metabolism ; Male ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of hemoperfusion on plasma concentration and histopathological changes in paraquat (PQ) poisoning rabbits.

METHODSSixteen rabbits were randomly divided into exposure group (PQ group, n = 8) and hemoperfusion plus PQ exposure group (HPQ group, n = 8). HPQ group were given hemoperfusion in 45 min after exposure to PQ. The plasma PQ concentrations at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, 24.0, 48.0 and 72.0 hours after exposure were measure in 2 groups. The histopathological changes of lung, liver and kidney were examined, the behavior changes and the survival number of 7 days were observed.

RESULTSThe poisoning symptoms of HPQ group were generally better than those of PQ group, in each group six animals survived for 7d. The plasma PQ concentrations at 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, 24.0, 48.0, 72.0 h after exposure in HPQ group were significantly lower than those in PQ group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In HPQ group, the plasma PQ peak concentration [(5.01 ± 0.15] µg/L], area under the curve [(54.03 ± 5.31) mg×h(-1)×L(-1)] and PQ half-life time [(16.29 ± 3.26) h] after treatment of HP were significantly lower than those [(11.97 ± 0.75) µg/L, (141.40 ± 10.10) mg×h(-1)×L(-1) and (31.16 ± 9.85) h] in PQ group (P < 0.05). The apparent volume of distribution and PQ clearance rate in HPQ group were significantly higher than those in PQ group (P < 0.05). Congestion, edema, cell infiltration and other pathological changes were found in lung, liver and kidney in PQ group under the light microscope, which were significantly more severe than those in HPQ group. The pathologic scores of lung tissue, liver and renal tubular damage on the 1st, 3rd, 7th days after exposure in HPQ group were significantly lower than those in PQ group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONWhen acute PQ poising, rabbits appeared the quick absorption, high toxicity and long half-life time of PQ. The early hemoperfusion can effectively remove the toxicant in plasma and reduce the pathological injury in major organs, which may be beneficial for further treatment.

Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Female ; Hemoperfusion ; Herbicides ; blood ; poisoning ; Kidney ; pathology ; Liver ; pathology ; Lung ; pathology ; Male ; Paraquat ; blood ; poisoning ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of B7-H1 gene in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) from leukemia patients and explore its clinical implications.

METHODSThe B7-H1 mRNA expression levels of BMMNCs from 74 newly diagnosed leukemia patients and 10 normal volunteers were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. At the same time, BMMNCs from 12 patients in complete remission (CR) after chemotherapy and 5 in relapse were followed up. The correlation between the clinical features of 74 de novo leukemia patients and the expression level of B7-H1 gene was analyzed.

RESULTSThe mRNA expression level of B7-H1 gene in BMMNCs from de novo leukemia patients (RQ = 0.125) was lower than that from normal control (RQ=1). When patients achieved CR the gene expression level (RQ = 69.07) was significantly higher than that before CR (P = 0.001). After relapsed, its level (RQ=4) was still higher than that before CR (P > 0.05). No clinical parameters such as gender, age, peripheral white blood count, blast cells ratio in BM, CD34 positive cells were significantly correlated with the expression level of B7-H1 except the response to therapy. The initial expression level of B7-H1 gene in non CR patients after therapy was significantly higher than that in CR patients (RQ = 26. 91, P = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONThe mRNA expression level of B7-H1 gene in newly diagnosed leukemia patients is lower than that in normal controls, and is higher in CR patients than in newly diagnosed patients. There is a correlation between the gene expression level and responsiveness to therapy.

Adult ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; B7-H1 Antigen ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

To compare the expansion efficiency and function of dendritic cells derived from CB-CD34+ cells and MPB-CD34+ cells by using two-step culture method, enriched CB-CD34+ cells or MPB-CD34+ cells with immunoadsorption were primarily cultured in the presence of FL, SCF, TPO, GM-CSF for 10 days, and then further cultured with a combination of GM-CSF, IL-4, TNF-alpha, CD40Ab and PGE2 to induce DC. The DC phenotypes were detected by flow cytometry, the expansion efficiency and cell function were evaluated by mix-lymphocyte reaction (MLR), IL-12 level was detected by using ELISA and the chemotactic function mediated by secondary lymphoid tissue chemokine (SLC) was determined with Transwell plate. The results indicated that after 10 days of expansion, there were no significant difference in the percentage of CD14+CD1a- cells between CB and MPB [(40.48 +/- 16.85)% vs (28.07 +/- 23.19)%, P > 0.05], but the expansion of total cells in CB was higher than that in MPB (388.88 +/- 84.63-fold vs 79.67 +/- 10.32-fold, P < 0.01), so the yield of CD14+CD1a- cells from CB was significantly higher than that from MPB too (189.42 +/- 25.02-fold vs 28.74 +/- 23.27-fold, P < 0.01). The percentage of CD83+ DCs cultured with CD40Ab/PGE2 derived from CB were higher than those cultured with TNF-alpha derived from MPB respectively [(34.52 +/- 11.22)% vs (3.70 +/- 2.27)% and (36.69 +/- 13.36)% vs (7.34 +/- 3.364)% respectively, P < 0.01]. In the same circumstance, the yield of CD83+ DCs derived from CB was much more than that from MPB (198.72 +/- 117.53 times vs 33.95 +/- 6.19 times, P < 0.01). There were no difference in stimulating capacity, IL-12 secretion and migration capacity between DCs derived from CB and MPB. It is concluded that DCs induced from CB-CD34+ cells by two-step culture possess similar functions with that from MPB-CD34+ cells, but the yield of DCs from CB CD34+ cells is much more than that from MPB CD34+ cells.
Antigens, CD34 ; analysis ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Separation ; Cells, Cultured ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization ; Humans

To investigate the effects of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) on the homing-related function of expanded ex vivo umbilical cord blood CD34(+) cells, purified cord blood CD34(+) cells were cultured in serum-free medium containing a HGF combination of FL + SCF + TPO (FST) with either 100 ng/ml SDF-1 alone, 100 ng/ml PF4 alone, or both of these 2 cytokines. The expansion rate of CD34(+) cells, colony formation, homing-related functions including expression of homing-related adhesion molecules of expanded CD34(+) cell, adhesion activity and chemotactic function of the re-selected expanded CD34(+) cells were evaluated at different time points. The results showed that expansion rate of CD34(+) cells and expansion multiple of CFU in SDF-1 groups were higher than those in control. The expression of CD49e on the expanded CD34(+) cells was remarkable up-regulated, in contrast, expression of CXCR-4 on the expanded CD34(+) cells was remarkable down-regulated in SDF-1 groups. The expression of CD49e, CD54 and CXCR-4 on the expanded CD34(+) cells were remarkably up-regulated in the PF4 groups. In all the SDF-1 group, PF4 group and SDF-1 plus PF4 group, the ability of expanded CD34(+) cells adhering to fibronectin layer were higher than those in the control on day 10. Spontaneous migration rate of expanded CD34(+) cells in SDF-1 groups were higher than those in control, while SDF-1-induced migration rate were lower than those in control on day 10. SDF-1-induced migration rate in PF4 groups were higher than those in control on day 10. Spontaneous and SDF-1-induced migration rate of expanded CD34(+) cells in the SDF-1 plus PF4 groups were higher than those in control on day 10. It is concluded that, SDF-1 and PF4 can up-regulate expression of adhesion molecules on expanded CD34(+) cells, and retain the adherent and migration ability of expanded CD34(+) cells, which is helpful for the homing of expanded CD34(+) cells. In short, SDF-1 and PF4 are helpful for the homing-related function of the expanded UCB HSPC.
Antigens, CD34 ; blood ; immunology ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemokine CXCL12 ; Chemokines, CXC ; pharmacology ; Chemotaxis ; immunology ; physiology ; Culture Media, Serum-Free ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; immunology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Platelet Factor 4 ; pharmacology

To investigate the related factors affecting the isolation of multipotent non-hematopoietic adult stem cells (MNASCs) from human umbilical cord blood in low serum (2%) condition, the isolation conditions were optimized and the yield of MNASCs was improved. MNASCs from human umbilical cord blood samples were isolated, and the effects of medium component, medium exchange time and initial plating density for isolation of MNASCs were studied. Then, the MNASCs were isolated and cultured in optimal condition, the surface antigen expression and differentiation potential of MNASCs were detected. The result showed that the medium of DMEM/F12 was better than IMDM and DMEM-LG for MNASCs culture in low serum condition. The optimal yield of MNASCs was obtained when mononuclear cells were cultured at a initial plating density of 1 x 10(6) cells/cm2 and the medium was exchanged to remove the nonadherent cells after 72 hours of inoculation. MNASCs isolated and cultured under the above-mentioned conditions maintained a homogenous morphology, high potential ability of expansion and differentiation. It is concluded that culture conditions with low serum defined in this study is optimal for the successful isolation and expansion of umbilical cord blood MNASCs with high numbers for subsequent cellular therapeutic approaches.
Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cell Separation ; methods ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; cytology ; physiology ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Humans ; Multipotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; physiology

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has replaced chronic hepatitis B as the most common chronic liver disease in China and has now been renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The Brunt, the American NASH Clinical Research Network (NASH-CRN), the European Steatosis, Activity, and Fibrosis/Fatty Liver Inhibition of Progression (SAF/FLIP), and the Pediatric NAFLD are currently the four semi-quantitative grading systems for histological evaluation. This paper reviews these four scoring systems for the clinical selection of appropriate systems for diagnosis and prognosis assessment. This article is a review, and in order to coordinate the evaluation criteria of various scoring systems, the old name "NAFLD" is used.
Humans ; Child ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/pathology* ; Liver/pathology* ; Severity of Illness Index ; Biopsy ; Fibrosis