Venous thrombotic disease is a serious disease,which impact on health and life-threatening.Pulmonary embolism and deep-vein thrombosis are the two components of a single disease called venous thromboembolism in obstetrics and gynecology.but it can be difficult to diagnose because clinical symptoms and signs are non-specific or absent in early venous thrombus embolism (VTE).It has great value that how to use the most economic,simple,efficient method for screened high-risk groups,timely and accurate laboratory diagnosis of VTE.

With the development of genomics , bioinformation , engineering , computer science and other fields, it has witnessed explosive growth of molecular diagnostic technologies.More and more technologies are used in desease diagnosis , therapy and prevention , which have presented a huge opportunity and challenge for clinical laboratory.Each technology has corresponding field of application , so it is a crucial problem for clinical laboratory to select appropriate molecular diagnostic technology for personalized medicine.

European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology jointly published new guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in 2007.It reflected the the latest developments on comprehensive assessment,treatment modalities and strategies,as well as therapeutic approach for special populations.In addition,the new guidelines updated evaluation.It also stressed the importance of an early,faster and more stringent treatment and aggressive combination therapy.More impartantly,it requested prevention and treatment earlier.It is of great importance for the guidelines to guide the current diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.

Brain ; metabolism ; pathology ; Child, Preschool ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Folate Receptor 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Folic Acid ; blood ; cerebrospinal fluid ; metabolism ; Folic Acid Deficiency ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Leucovorin ; therapeutic use ; Malnutrition ; complications ; diagnosis ; Tetrahydrofolates ; cerebrospinal fluid ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo explore the association of smoking to the Aspirin and Clopidogrel antiplatelet in patients with stable angina after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods241 smoking patients and 252 non-smoking patients underwent PCI for stable coronary artery disease, all patients had taken aspirin 100 mg/d for 7 d or more. The arachidonic acid (AA)- and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-induced platelet aggregation were tested as they got in hospital. Then, they accepted Clopidogrel 300 mg as loading dose, continued with 75 mg/d for 3 d. The ADP-induced platelet aggregation were re-tested. ResultsThe incidence of aspirin resistance (AR) and aspirin semiresponder (ASR) was 19.1% in all the cases, and was 25.5% in smoking group, 14.3% in non-smoking group (P=0.027). Age (OR=3.79，95%CI: 1.77～8.12) and smoking (OR=1.98，95%CI: 1.18～4.43) were the independent risk factors of AR and ASR. The incidence of Clopidogrel resistance was 19.5% in all the cases, and was 13.2% in smoking group, 24.3% in non-smoking group (P=0.03). Smoking (OR=0.22，95%CI: 0.09～0.54) may reduce the risk of Clopidogrel resistance. ConclusionSmoking increased the risk of AR and ASR, but reduced the risk of Clopidogrel resistance.

Congresses as Topic ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; Rhinitis ; surgery ; Skull Base ; surgery

Objective To investigate the correlation between interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-1 receptor antagonist(IL-1 ra)and the obesity of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS).Methods(1)From Oct.2006 to Jan.2007,118 PCOS patients were enrolled in this study in Peking University Third Hospital,which were divided into 56 patients in obese PCOS group and 62 patients in non-obese PCOS group according to the WHO International Obesity Task Force Asia-Pacific criteria[body mass index(BMI)25 kg/m2].The polymorphism of IL-1β gene promoter region,exon-5 and intron 2 of IL-1 ra gene were detected by PCR.(2)Twenty-nine obese PCOS patients and 31 non-obese PCOS patients were selected randomizedly serum levels of IL-1β,IL-1 ra were measured by ELISA,in the mean time,serum levels of fasting glucose,fasting insulin and the total white blood cell,hypersensitive C-reactive protein levels were measured.Results(1)Genetic test:the frequency of TT genotype and T allele of IL-1β promoter region(-511)in obese PCOS patients were significantly higher than those in non-obese patients(44.6％ vs.11.3％,63.4％ vs.39.5％,all P ＜0.05).The frequency of IL-1 ra Ⅰ / Ⅴ genotype and Ⅴ allele of IL-1 ra gene were 19.6％ and 9.8％ in obese PCOS patients,which were significantly higher than those in non-obese group(3.2％ and 1.6％,P ＜0.05).(2)Serological test:serum level of IL-1β and IL-1ra of(149 ±36)and(284 ±97)ng/L in obese PCOS group which were significantly higher than those in non-obese PCOS group[(96 ± 42)and(208 ± 84)ng/L,P ＜ 0.05].Fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin and hypersensitive C-reactive protein and white blood cell count were(5.1 ± 0.7)mmol/L,(17 ± 9)mU/L,(1.5 ± 0.6)mg/L and(7.0 ± 2.3)× 109/L in obese PCOS group,which were significantly higher than in non-obese PCOS group[(4.9 ±0.5)mmol/L,(11 ±8)mU/L,(0.9 ±0.4)mg/L and(5.9 ±1.3)× 109/L,P＜0.05].(3)The correlation between interleukin and BMI: serum levels of IL-1β(r =0.673)and IL-1 ra(r =0.557)were positively correlated with BMI in PCOS patients(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-1ra had correlation with obesity of PCOS patients,PCOS patients who carried T allele of IL-1β gene promoter region(-511)and Ⅴ allele of IL-1ra gene were high risk of obesity.

Multi-target drugs can simultaneously adjust multiple links of the disease network. Despite the higher efficacy and lower toxicity caused by single targets, multi-target drugs become ideal drugs for treating complicated diseases as well the main direction of drug R & D. By virtue of their structural diversity, higher multi-target activity and lower toxicity, natural products become an important source for developing multi-target drugs. Computer-aided drug design (CADD) is a commonly used multi-target drug R&D method, which mainly includes virtual screening and pharmacophore design. In this paper, the authors made a systematical analysis and discussed the prospects and advantages of various methods for multi-target drug R&D with natural products.
Biological Products ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Biomedical Research ; instrumentation ; Computer-Aided Design ; Drug Design ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy

Objective To evaluate the value of mini-thoracotomy for open heart surgery.Methods From December 1995 to January 2008,810 patients including 660 cases of congenital heart diseases,129 cases of valvular heart diseases and 21 cases of heart myxoma,underwent open heart surgery by mini-thoracotomy through cardiopulmonary bypass in our hospital.Among the cases,superior median sternotomy was performed on 36 patients,inferior median sternotomy was made on 59,right parasternal mini-thoracotomy was carried out in 3,right anterolateral thoracotomy was done on 658,and right axillary mini-thoracotomy was used in 54.A total of 382 patients received beating-heart surgery.Results The postoperative mortality in our patients was 1.5%(12 cases).In this series,the mean postoperative mechanical ventilation time,drainage volume,and hospital stay were(6.7?4.2) hours,(210?165) ml,and(7.4?4.9) days respectively.421 of the patients received no blood transfusion.None of the patients developed sternal dehiscence or mediastinal infection.Follow-up was available in 690(85%) of the patients up to a mean of(48.2?25.3) months,none of them died during the period.The cardiac function of the patients was significantly improved after the operation(preparation vs postoperation: 310 cases vs 478 cases for grade Ⅰ,438 vs 212 for grades Ⅱ-Ⅲ,and 62 vs 0 for grade Ⅳ,Z=-13.21,P=0.000).The mean cardiothoracic ratio was decreased significantly after the operation(0.51?0.11 vs 0.53?0.08,t=4.065,P=0.000),while the left ventricular ejection fraction was increased markedly(0.63?0.11 vs 0.57?0.11,t=-10.529,P=0.000).Conclusions The mini-thoracotomy is superior in cosmetic results and the postoperative morbidity rates of sternal malformation and infection.Proper selection of patients,good exposure of the surgical field,and skillful surgical procedures are crucial for the outcomes of the operation.

Objective: To study the effect of ipilimumab on T lymphocytes and Bcl-2 mRNA expression in lung cancer-bearing mice by inhibiting TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway. Methods: Forty-five C57 mices inoculated with Lewis lung cancer cells were randomly divided into control group, low dose ipilimumab group and high dose ipilimumab group with 15 mice in each. The low and high dose groups were given 3 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg ipilimumab respectively, while the control group was given 0.9% sodium chloride solution with the same volume. The effects of ipilimumab on TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway, Bcl-2 mRNA expression, immune function improvement and tumor inhibition in three groups were detected by WB and qPCR. Results: After administration of ipilimumab, the tumor weight and volume of mice in low-dose and high-dose groups were significantly lower than that of the control group, and the tumor inhibition rate increased in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). The thymus index and spleen index of mice were significantly higher than that of control group, which also increased in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ cells in the high and low dose groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, with significantly higher levels in high dose group compared with the low dose group (P<0.05). The levels of serum inflammatory factors were significantly lower than those in control group, and the levels of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-3 in the high dose group were significantly lower than those in the low dose group (P<0.05). The expressions of TGF-β1, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2 and MEK in tumor tissues of both high and low dose groups significantly decreased, with more lower levels in high dose group than in low dose groups (all P<0.05), and the positive rate of TGF-β1 expression in high dose group was the lowest. The mRNAexpression of Bcl-2 in tumor tissues of high and low dose groups decreased significantly after drug administration, with a significantly lower level in high does group than that in low dose group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ipilimumab can effectively inhibit TGF-β1/ERK signaling pathway, improve immune function and down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2, thus inhibit the growth of Lewis lung cancer cells and play an antitumor role in mice.