Objective To evaluate the safety and effect of extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer. Methods From January 2012 to August 2015, 49 patients diagnosed high-risk prostate cancer underwent extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy with 'sandwich' urethra reconstruction. Results None converted to open surgery and the mean operative time was (2.15 ±0.29) h, mean intraoperative blood loss was (60.25 ± 20.29) ml. No rectal injury was observed. The patients were ambulant 1 to 2 days postoperatively. Pelvic lymph nodes metastasis was found in 5 cases. Positive margin was found in 13 cases. Mild urinary incontinence oc-curred in 3 cases. Urethral stenosis occurred in 2 cases. Biochemical relapses occurred on 5 cases during the follow-ing period of 1~43 months for 46 cases. Conclusions Extraperitoneal laparoscopic radical prostatectomy is safe and effective in treatment of high-risk prostate cancer. The very key is to master the anatomy of prostate and laparoscop-ic techniques.

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Calcitriol ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Osteogenesis ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; classification ; methods ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; therapeutic use ; Vitamin D ; analogs & derivatives

Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor with high malignancy and lethality.The specific potential radiolabeled nanoparticles have been applied in the glioma research for non-invasive,dynamic,real-time and quantitative evaluation.Furthermore,radiolabeled nanoparticles have shown great potential in targeted therapy of glioma.The up-to-date application of radiolabeled nanoparticles in SPECT imaging,PET imaging,multimodality imaging and theranostics in glioma are reviewed in this article.

Radiation therapy is one of the main therapeutic means of thoracic malignant tumors .When re-ceived certain radiation ,lung may cause the common complication of chest tumor radiotherapy -Radiation -in-duced Lung Injury ( RILI) ,which restricts the radiation dose for the tumor region and may affect patient outcomes . RILI is closely associated with multiple cytokines ,such as interleukin family,tumor necrosis factor,transforming growth factor,etc.Currently,research on RILI control methods has also made some breakthrough ,this article elab-orates on this individually .

Acute pancreatitis(AP) is mainly caused by gallstone disease and excessive alcohol consumption.Overall, about one fifth of patients develop into severe acute pancreatitis( SAP), which is still associated with a mortality rate exceeding 30%. This type of AP is usually accompanied by necrosis of the pancreas and/or organ failure. Treatment of SAP in several aspects, such as the application of antibiotics, nutritional support, surgical time, the method of operation, are still in dispute. In recent years, minimally invasive technique is increasingly used in the treatment of SAP, and some patients may benefit from the adoption of minimally invasive surgery.This article aims to review the current progress on the treatment of SAP.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Tonsillar Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Xerostomia ; etiology ; therapy

Objective To investigate reconstructive repair methods of a large scalp defect with the granulation tissue wounds and skull exposure caused by the trauma.Methods Skin and soft tissue expansion technique was used to repair eight patients with a large scalp defect with the granulation tissue wounds and skull exposure caused by the trauma.The skin and soft tissue expanders were embedded under normal epicranial aponeurosis after the formation of fresh granulation tissue wound.Strict aseptic technique as well as water injection was done in the expansion process and moderate expansion to maintain rich blood circulation in the expansive parts.Results 12 skin and soft tissue expanders were implanted in 8 patients and the scalp wounds were completely repaired.No infection was detected after surgery and injection expansion process.Conclusions The skin and soft tissue expansion can be used to reconstruct post-traumatic scalp defect with granulation tissue wound and skull exposure.

0.05).Conclusion:Modified osteotomy can not improve operative effect.

Objective To compare the effects of propofol and ketamine on long-term memory and the expression of brain N-methylgroup-D-aspartate receptor 2B(NMDAR2B) and Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor 1(GABAR1) in aged rats, and preliminary investigate the relation between the long-term memory and expression of neurotransmitter receptors in different cerebral areas. Methods The aged male rats were randomly divided into control group,propofol group and ketamine group. Morris water maze training was performed in all the rats of three groups for 5 days. On the 6th day, intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg?mL-1 propofol was administrated in propofol group,80 mg?mL-1 ketamine was intraperitoneally injected in ketamine group,and blank control group was given the same dose of saline.Seven days after the administration,space exploration experiment and navigation experiment test were performed to test the impact on the learning and memory ability of rats. After that, the expression levels of GABAR1 and NMDAR2B in temporal lobe and hippocampal CA1 region of the rat brain were detected by immunofluorescence and FISH technique. Results The results of Morris water maze showed there was no significant difference between propofol group (9.49±1.24) s and blank control group (8.82±2.22) s.There was statistically significant difference between ketamine group (12.04±2.67) s and blank control group (P<0.05),with longer latency time and less number of times of passing through target as compared with blank control group.By using immunohistochemistry and FISH technique,the expression of GABAR1 in temporal lobe and hippocampal CA1 region of the rat brain was not significantly different between propofol group and blank control group,but it was significantly up-regulated in ketamine group as compared with blank control group ( P<0.05) . The expression of NMDAR2B in temporal lobe and hippocampal CA1 region of the rat brain was not significantly different between propofol group and blank control group,but it was significantly down-regulated in ketamine group as compared with blank control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Propofol anesthesia alone had no effect on long-term learning and memory,but ketamine anesthesia can result in long-term learning and memory impairment. The mechanism may be related with down-regulation of the expression of NMDAR2B receptor and up-regulation of GABAR1 not only in CA1 region hippocampus,but also in temporal lobe.

Objective To investigate the anti-mutation of Chinese medicinal herb Herba Leonuri and its effect on T lymphocyte proliferation in spleen.Methods The micronucleus test of mouse bone marrow cell(MNT) :thirty mice were divided into six groups(n= 5),negative control(NS),cyclophosphamide group(CP 3.0 mg?kg-1),Herba Leonuri antimutagenesis groups(Herba Leonuri with dosages of 1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0 g?kg-1+CP30 mg?kg-1).The improved method was used to detect the micronuclei frequency.Lymphocyte transformation test:twenty-four mice were divided into four groups(n=6),saline control,CP control(30 mg?kg-1),Herba Leonuri(2.0 g?kg-1),Herba Leonuri +CP(2.0 g?kg-1 Herba Leonuri +CP 30 mg?kg-1).MTT assay was used to calculate the stimulation index(SI).Results The micronuclei frequencies in Herba Leonur 2.0,4.0,8.0 g?kg-1 groups were lower than that in CP group(P