Objective To study the effect of TGF-?1 on the activation of ERK MAPK in human bronchial epithelial BEP2D cells. Methods Western blot was employed to examine the time-dependent activation of ERK MAPK by TGF-?1. BEP2D cells were harvested after treatment of human bronchial epithelial cells with 2 ng/ml TGF-?1 for 0, 10, 30, 60, 120, 240 and 480 min, respectively. Fluorescent dye staining and flow cytometry were employed to assess the apoptosis of BEP2D cells treated with vehicle, or with 2ng/ml TGF-?1, or co-treated with 2ng/ml TGF-?1 and 5?M U0126. Proliferation of BEP2D cells treated with vehicle, or with 2ng/ml TGF-?1 or 5?M U0126, or co-treated with 2ng/ml TGF-?1 and 5?M U0126 was assayed with colony-forming test, respectively. Morphological observation was performed to observe the morphological changes in BEP2D cells treated with vehicle, or with 5ng/ml TGF-?1 or 5?M U0126, or co-treated with 5ng/ml TGF-?1 and 5?M U0126, respectively. Results TGF-?1 activated ERK MAPK in BEP2D cell. The maximal activation of ERK MAPK took place at 60min after stimulation with 2ng/ml TGF-?1. TGF-?1 treatment effectively inhibited cell proliferation, and induced their apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Pretreatment with U0126, an inhibitor of ERK MAPK, significantly enhanced the TGF-?1-mediated anti-proliferation and apoptosis effects, and inhibited the effect of epithelial-mesenchymal transition of TGF-?1 in BEP2D cells. Conclusion TGF-?1-induced phosphorylation of ERK MAPK may participate in BEP2D cell proliferation and apoptosis regulation.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of malignant transformation in human bronchial epithelial cell line BEP2D exposed to α-particles.Methods The levels of intracellular ROS and malonaldehyde (MDA) in BEP2D,RH22 (passage 22 of α-particle-irradiated BEP2D cells) and BERP35T-1 cells (derived from nude mice bearing malignant transformed cells generated from the passage 35 of α-particle-irradiated BEP2D cells) were assayed with DCFH-DA and MDA kit,respectively.The expressions of 8-OH-dG and γ-H2AX in BEP2D,RH23 (passage 23 of α-particle-irradiated BEP2D cells)and BERP35T-1 cells were also measured with immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence staining.Results Compared to BEP2D cells,the levels of ROS ( t =4.30 and 3.94,P ＜ 0.05 ) and MDA ( t =4.89 and 15.10,P ＜0.05) increased in RH22 and BERP35T-1 cells.The expressions of 8-OH-dG (t =3.80 and 2.92,P ＜ 0.05 ) and γ-H2AX ( t =7.61 and 12.67,P ＜ 0.05 ) in RH23 and BERP35T-1 cells were also higher than those in BEP2D cells.Conclusions Oxidative stress induces lipid peroxidation and DNA damage leading to genomic instability,which could contribute to cellular malignant transforming process in the human bronchial epithelial cell line BEP2D with α-particle exposure.

Objective To investigate the antioxidant ability and radiosensitivity in the malignant transformed human bronchial epithelial cell line BEP2D induced by α-particle exposure.Methods Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX),Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione (GSH) assay kits were employed to detect GPX and CAT enzyme abilities and the levels of GSH in BEP2D,RH21 ( passage 21 of α-particle-irradiated BEP2D cells),and BERP35T-1 cells (derived from nude mice bearing malignant transformed cells generated from cells of passage 35 of α-particle-irradiated BEP2D cells).MTT assay were used to test the growth rate of BEP2D,RH21 and BERP35T-1 cells treated with 0,30,60,90,120,and 150 μmoL/L H2O2.Colony-forming test and MTT assay were used to examine the cell survival fraction and the growth rate of BEP2D,RH21 and BERP35T-1 cells exposed to 0,2,4,and 8 Gy of γ-rays,respectively.Results GPX and CAT enzyme activities in RH21 and BERP35T-1 cells were obviously lower than in BEP2D( t = 5.75-67.92 ,P ＜ 0.05 ).CAT enzyme activity in BERP35T-1 was lower than that in RH21 cells (t =22.25 ,P ＜0.01 ).Compared to BEP2D cells,decreased level of GSH was detected in BERP35T-1 cells(t = 7.76,P ＜ 0.05 ),but there was no change in RH21.After treatment with 30,60,90,120,and 150 μmol/L H2O2,the growth rates of BEP2D were all higher than those of BERP35T-1 cells(t = 10.37-58.36,P ＜0.01 ).Meanwhile,the growth rates of BEP2D were all higher than those of RH21 cells after treatment with 60,90,120,and 150 μ mol/L H2O2 (t = 29.90-84.68,P ＜ 0.01 ).In addition,compared to BEP2D cells,decreased cell survival fraction and growth rate of BERP35T-1 cells were observed after irradiation with 2,4,and 8 Gy of y-rays ( t = 5.87-34.17,P ＜ 0.05 ).The cell survival fraction and growth rate of RH21 were all lower than those of BEP2D cells at 4 and 8 Gy post-irradition( t =6.33- 45.00,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The function of antioxidant system decreased in the α-particleinduced transformed cells,which could contribute to the acceleration of cellular malignant transforming process and radiosensitivity.

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether the deletion of PTEN affects the expression of Cu/Zn SOD and the related biology.

METHODSProtein and mRNA expression levels of PTEN, P-Akt, Cu/Zn SOD in the control immortalized wild type mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (PTEN+/+) and PTEN-null cells (PTEN-/-) were evaluated by Western blot and Northern blot respectively. The level of superoxide anions were detected using fluorescent probes. The DNA damage was documented by single cell alkalescence gel assay. MTT was used to study the effect of H2O2 on the proliferation of cells.

RESULTSThe expression of Cu/Zn SOD was down regulated at both protein and mRNA levels, and the level of superoxide anions increased in the PTEN-null cells (PTEN-/-). The phosphorylation level of Akt kinase was up-regulated and the antiproliferative effect of H2O2 decreased in PTEN-/- cells. Furthermore, DNA damage was observed significantly severer in both the blank control and H2O2 treated groups than that in the PTEN+/+ cells.

CONCLUSIONSDeletion of PTEN affects the expression of Cu/Zn SOD. As a result, reactive oxygen species (ROS) keep at a high level, along with decrease of accumulated oxidative damage and the antiproliferative effect of ROS.

Animals ; Copper ; chemistry ; Down-Regulation ; Fibroblasts ; pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; genetics ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; deficiency ; genetics ; Phosphorylation ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Sequence Deletion ; Superoxide Dismutase ; genetics ; metabolism ; Zinc ; chemistry

Objective To study the dose-effect relationship and time-effect relationship of T cell receptor (TCR) gene mutation induced by γ-rays in lymphocytes of human peripheral blood.Methods Samples of peripheral blood were collected from 10 healthy adults and lymphocytes were separated.Four samples from males used to fit time-effect curve were exposed to γ-rays at the doses of 0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,4.0,and 5.0 Gy,respectively,and 6 samples from 3 males and 3 females used to fit dose-effect curves were exposed to γ-rays of the dose of 2 Gy.Flow cytometry was used to detect the mutation frequency of TCR gene (TCR MF).Radiation dose-effect curves and time-effect curves were fitted and optimal mathematical models were selected respectively.Results The optimal mathematical model for radiation dose-effect was quadratic equation model:TCR MF = 92.14 + 22.61D2 (R2adj = 0.65).The optimal mathematical model for radiation time-effect was quadratic polynomial equation model:TCR MF = 3.74 + 743.66T + 308.64T2 (R2adj = 0.79).Conclusions TCR MF is increased as the γ-rayirradiation dose increases within the range of 0-5 Gy,and TCR MF is increased with the lapse of time within the range of 4 days after γ-ray radiation.

Objective To observe the effect and the mechanisms of ferulic acid on radiationinduced damage of mice peripheral blood and bone marrow hematopoietic function.Methods Ninety-six mice were randomly divided into sham irradiation group,irradiation group,positive drug group and 10,30,90 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ferulic acid group,16 mice per group.Mice were exposed to 3.5 Gy γ-rays 24 h after first drug taken.Then,mice were given drugs for 7 d after irradiation.White blood cells in peripheral blood of 10 mice per group were counted 2 d before irradiation and 3,7,10,15 and 22 days after irradiation.The bone narrow of the other six mice was taken to detect the micronuclei frequency of polychromatic erythrocyte,the hematopoietic progenitor cell colony formation capacity,Thbd and HMGB1 protein expressions in mice bone marrow on the seventh day after irradiation.Results Compared with the irradiation alone group,the treatment of mice with ferulic acid 90 mg· kg-1 · d-1 increased the number of white blood cells in peripheral blood at 3,10,15 and 22 d after irradiation (t =2.267,2.399,1.945,2.828,P ＜ 0.05).Treatment with mice with ferulic acid 90 mg· kg-1 · d 1 decreased the micronuclei rate of erythrocytes in irradiated bone marrow (t =4.013,P ＜ 0.05),increased the clone numbers of CFU-E,BFU-E and CFU-GM of hematopoietic progenitor cells (t =2.366,2.953,3.115,P ＜0.05),improved the relative expression of the Thbd protein in bone marrow and the HMGB1 protein in nuclear (t =17.75,23.39,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Ferulilc acid could protect the bone marrow hematopoietic of mice exposed to irradiation by regulating the expressions of Thbd and HMGB1 protein,and then accelerate the peripheral cells recovery.

Objective To investigate the minimally invasive treatment of complex renal calculi nursing.Methods Retrospective analysis,from February 2009 to January 2011,50 regular channels percutaneous nephrolithotomy nephrostomy lithotomy patients(observation group)and from January 2007 to January 2009,the traditional opening of the regular 50 surgical treatment of complex renal calculi patients(control group)were selected,and length of stay,hospital costs,complications such as postoperative infection and other indicators were observed between the two groups.Results Successful rate of percutaneous nephrostomy large channel lithotomy in the observation group were 100％.Days in hospital(t =2.95,P ＜0.05),costs(t =11.68,P ＜0.05)and complication rate after operation(x2 =6.25,P ＜ 0.05)were significantly different between the two groups.Conclusions Comprehensive patient evaluation and preoperative psychological communication,close observation and meticulous condition postoperative care,help to promote patient recovery and improve the quality of care.

Objective To explore the nursing care for complications of children with complex renal calculus who receive minimally invnsive percutaneous nephrolithotomy lithotripsy treatment.Methods Children who received routine minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy hthotripsy treatment for complex renal calculus from February 2008 to April 29,2011 and 30 cases who received conventional open surgery from February 2005 to 2008 were divided into the observation group and the control group,respectively.Postoperative hospital stay,hospital costs and the incidence of postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results Hospital stay in observation group was(12.80 ± 2.60)d,and(18.25 ± 3.34)d in control group; there was statistically significant difference between the two groups(t =10.32,P ＜ 0.05).Hospital costs in observation group was(13 924.9 ± 340.3)yuan,and(15 510.4 ± 509.3)yuan in control group,the difference was obvious(t =13.20,P ＜ 0.05)between the two groups.the incidence of postoperative complications was 10.3％ and 40.0％ in observation group and in control group,respectively,there was significant difference(x2 =6.60,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy was better than traditional open surgery in terms of dealing with children with complex stone stones,close observation,careful and meticulous care and more records,more communication can help reduce the number of hospital stay,hospital costs and the incidence of postoperative infectious complications,etc.It is good for the rehabilitation of patients and improvement of the quality of care.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of an active fraction (DSS-A-N-30) from Danggui Shaoyao San.

METHODDSS-A-N30 was prepared by macroporous resin chromatography, the compound was isolated by column chromatography on silica gel and RPC-18, the structure was elucidated by spectroscopic methods.

RESULTA new monoterpene glycoside was isolated and identified from DSS-A-N-30.

CONCLUSIONThe new monoterpene glycoside was identified as 4"-hydroxyl-albiflorin.

Bridged-Ring Compounds ; analysis ; isolation & purification ; Chromatography, Gel ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Monoterpenes ; analysis ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical efficacy of needle-knife to cut off the medial branch of the lumbar posterior ramus under C-arm guiding to treat low back pain caused by lumbar facet osteoarthritis.

METHODSFrom July 2009 to June 2011, 60 patients with low back pain caused by lumbar facet osteoarthritis were reviewed,including 34 males and 26 females, ranging in age from 39 to 73 years old,averaged 61.9 years old; the duration of the disease ranged from 6 to 120 months, with a mean of 18.9 months. All the patients were divided into two groups, 30 patients (18 males and 12 females, ranging in age from 39 to 71 years old, needle-knife group) were treated with needle-knife to cut off medial branch of the lumbar posterior ramus under C -arm guiding and the other 30 patients(16 males and 14 females, ranging in age from 41 to 73 years old, hormone injection group) were treated with hormone injection in lumbar facet joint under C-arm guiding. The preoperative JOA scores and the scores at the 1st, 12th and 26th weeks after treatment were analyzed.

RESULTSBefore treatment,the JOA scores between the two groups had no significant difference (P= 0.479); after 1 week of treatment, the JOA scores between the two groups had significant difference (P= 0.040), the improvement rate of hormone injection group was superior than that of the needle-knife group,which were (58.73+/-18.20)% in needle-knife group and (71.10+/-22.19)% in hormone injection group; after 12 weeks of treatment, the JOA scores between the two groups had no significant difference(P=0.569), and the improvement rate between the two groups had no significant difference,which were (50.09+/-19.33)% in the needle-knife group and (48.70+/-18.36)%) in the hormone injection group; after 26 weeks of treatment,the JOA scores between the two groups had significant difference (P=0.000), the improvement rate of hormone injection group was superior than that of the needle-knife group,which were (48.56+/-28.24)% in needle-knife group and (15.62+/-11.23 )% in hormone injection group.

CONCLUSIONUsing needle-knife to cut off the medial branch of the lumbar posterior ramus could get longer efficacy than hormone injection in the treatment of lumbar facet osteoarthritis.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Low Back Pain ; etiology ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Spine ; complications ; surgery ; Spinal Nerves ; surgery