Objective:To fabricate an all-ceramic crown which copies the morphology of preoperative tooth in one patient with only small occlusal dentin defects with completely digital design (CDD)technology,and to find a more precise and feasible solution to fix the tooth detect.Methods:The tooth treated with root canal therapy had the complete axial surface and small occlusal dentin defects.In order to keep the morphology of preoperative tooth,the digitized crown was designed with the information of preoperative tooth by oral scanning with CS3500 and using the"Biogeneric Copy"function of exocad design software,then the digitized information of the teeth was collected and transformed and the simulate zirconia crown was mode by 3D colloidal deposition technique.The patient's comfort and satisfaction were investigated by observing the morphology,the interproximal contacts,and the occlusion of crown.Results:The morphology of definitive restoration was similar to the preoperative tooth,which presented good interproximal contact and occlusion,and the patient was greatly satisfied without discomfort and foreign body sensation.Conclusion: A more accurate and personalized restoration approach can be implemented with the application of CDD to fabricate new ceramic crowns which copy the preoperative tooth.

Objective: To analyze the situation of AIDS knowledge and discrimination among freshmen in Chengdu city, and to explore possible effects of AIDS knowledge on discrimination. Methods: A cluster random sampling was employed to investigate 1 053 college students from 11 universities in Chengdu about their HIV/AIDS knowledge and discrimination. The scores of AIDS knowledge and discrimination of students with different characteristics were analyzed, and the influence path of AIDS knowledge on AIDS discrimination were further analyzed based on different peer relationships. Results: The total scores of AIDS knowledge was negatively correlated to AIDS discrimination( r s =-0.13, P <0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, the total score of AIDS knowledge was associated with the total score of AIDS discrimination( β =-0.12, P <0.01). AIDS knowledge played a role in AIDS discrimination in intimate, general and unfamiliar peer relationships, with standardized path coefficients of -0.20, -0.24 and -0.18 respectively( P <0.01). Conclusion AIDS knowledge are correlated with discrimination among freshmen under different peer relationships. More anti-AIDS discrimination courses should be added to AIDS education to reduce the students’ fear and stigma of HIV/AIDS patients and related risk groups.

The gut microbiota has been found to interact with the brain through the microbiota-gut-brain axis, regulating various physiological processes. In recent years, the impacts of the gut microbiota on neurodevelopment through this axis have been increasingly appreciated. The gut microbiota is commonly considered to regulate neurodevelopment through three pathways, the immune pathway, the neuronal pathway, and the endocrine/systemic pathway, with overlaps and crosstalks in between. Accumulating studies have identified the role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and Rett Syndrome. Numerous researchers have examined the physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms influenced by the gut microbiota in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of advancements in research pertaining to the microbiota-gut-brain axis in NDDs. Furthermore, we analyzed both the current state of research progress and discuss future perspectives in this field.
Humans ; Brain-Gut Axis ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/metabolism* ; Brain/metabolism* ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Neurodevelopmental Disorders/metabolism*