It is of capital importance to establish a reliable experimental animal model of intracranial aneurysm which should be extremely similar to human intracranial aneurysm in histological and hemodynamic aspects.For recent years,the elastase-induced aneurysm model by means of endovascular balloon occlusion has been widely used abroad.This paper aims to review the preparation of animal mode,the advantages and disadvantages of such a model as well as the recent progress in its applications.

To explore the risk factors for and the pathogenic mechanisms of pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence.
 Methods: A total of 2 668 females who completed pelvic floor functional detection from July 2014 to October 2015 in the Physical Examination Center of the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. The patients were divide into 4 groups: an urinary incontinence group, an organ prolapse group, an organ prolapse with urinary incontinence group, and a normal group. We compared the age, BMI, menopause, gravidity and parity, delivery pattern, the coordination of pelvic floor and abdominal muscles among the 4 groups.
 Results: There were statistical differences in age and BMI values among the 4 groups (P<0.05).There were statistical differences in menopause rate, gravidity and parity history among the normal group and the other 3 groups (P<0.05), and between the organ prolapse group and the organ prolapse with urinary incontinence group (P<0.05). However, the urinary incontinence group was not statistically different from the organ prolapse group and the normal group (P>0.05). In the mode of delivery, there were statistical difference among the normal group and the other 3 groups (P<0.05), and between the organ prolapse group with urinary incontinence group and the organ prolapse or the urinary incontinence group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the urinary incontinence group and the organ prolapse group (P>0.05). Among the 4 groups, the normal group was the best one in coordination between pelvic floor and abdominal muscles, following by the organ prolapse group, the pelvic organ prolapse group and the urinary incontinence group.
 Conclusion: Aging, menopause, number of pregnancies and delivery, BMI, and mode of delivery all affect the occurrence of pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence. Females with urinary incontinence or organ prolapse are not good in coordination between the pelvic floor and abdominal muscles.
Female ; Humans ; Pelvic Floor ; pathology ; Pelvic Organ Prolapse ; pathology ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Incontinence ; pathology

Objective:To investigate the consistency between the results of serum specific antibodies to respiratory viruses and the nucleic acid tests in children with community acquired pneumonia, and to guide clinical application of these tests.Methods:Data of 109 cases of children with community acquired pneumonia diagnosed as viral infection by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR from nasopharyngeal swab specimens were collected. Their acute and convalescent serum specimens were collected and used to detect common respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, influenza A virus, influenza B virus and parainfluenza virus) specific IgM antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence method . The consistency between the results of virus serum specific antibody test and respiratory virus nucleic acid test was analyzed.Results:Among the 109 cases of community-acquired pneumonia patients with positive respiratory virus nucleic acid test, 14 cases (12.8%) were positive for virus specific IgM in the acute stage. Combining the results of serum virus specific antibody detection in the acute and convalescent phases, 17 cases (15.6%) were positive for virus specific IgM antibody. Consistency analysis showed that the acute phase serum specific IgM antibody test results of respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, influenza A virus, influenza B virus and parainfluenza virus were compared with the nucleic acid test results of respiratory specimens, and Kappa values were -0.033, -0.003, 0.053, -0.024, -0.053, respectively. Compared with the nucleic acid test results of respiratory tract specimens and the total serum specific IgM test results of respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, influenza A virus, influenza B virus and parainfluenza virus in the acute and convalescence stages, Kappa values were 0.040, -0.053, 0.065, -0.030 and -0.018, respectively. Kappa values were all less than 0.4, indicating that the consistency of detection results of the two methods is poor.Conclusions:The results of serum virus specific IgM antibody detection in children with community acquired pneumonia are poorly consistent with the results of viral nucleic acid detection in respiratory specimens, suggesting that serum virus specific antibody detection with the immunofluorescence method may not be suitable for the diagnosis of viral pathogens in children’s community acquired pneumonia.