Objective To investigate and compare cytotoxic effects of cyclosporine A (CsA) treatment in kidney tubule epithelium cells (NRK-52E cells), and whether apoptosis is involved in the CsA-induced toxicity. Methods NRK-52E cells were cultured at 37?℃ in 95?% O 2/5?% CO 2, and were treated with different concentrations of CsA for 48?h.. The damage induced by CsA was characterized by an early cell detachment from culture (by direct counting of adherent cells), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, and the changes in morphology were also observed by a phase-contrast microscope. Assay of apoptosis was done by TUNEL staining. Results CsA treatment induced significant damage in NRK-52E cells, which was demonstrated by obvious signs of cell injury with changes in cell shape, aggregates, and cell loss. A time- and dose-dependent increase in LDH release was also observed for CsA treatment . More than 70?% of the NRK-52E cells treated with 20??g/ml CsA for 48?h were dead. The apoptotic DNA fragments were observed in a population of NRK-52E cells treated with CsA by TUNEL staining, which represented the capacity of CsA to induce apoptosis in NRK-52E cells. Conclusions CsA treatment induced a time- and dose-dependent damage in NRK-52E cells, in which the apoptotic DNA fragments were also observed by TUNEL staining. Thus, the results obtained from the present study suggested that apoptosis, as a possible mechanism, might be involved in the CsA-induced tubulopathy.

Axiong Powder is a powdered drug applied by Miao people for the treatment and prevention of URI ( upper respiratory infection) , hemorrhoid, carbuncles and boils. Preliminary analysis revealed it to contain some ten kinds of herbs. By clinical analysis, it was shown that the Powder yields rather good therapeutic results on cold, tonsillitis, pyogenic tonsillitis, contusion, sprain. Bacteria strainisolated clinically can be inhibited by Axiong water decoction.

Objective To investigate the effect of hypericin on the activity of protein kinase C (PKC) in cultured human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in vitro. Methods RPE cells were cultured in standard medium with 10% serum concentrations containing 0.5 to 5.0 ?mol/L hypericin with or without preincubation of phorbol 12 myristate 13 acetate (PMA). The activities of cytosolic PKC (c PKC) and membranous PKC (m PKC) were assayed by PKC kit. Results The original activities of c PKC and m PKC of RPE cells were (35.34?4.10) pmol?min 1 ?mg 1 and (62.52?8.80) pmol?min 1 ?mg 1 . The activity of c PKC in RPE cells with PMA preincubation decreased rapidly in 5 minutes, with a subsequent slow decrease after 20 minutes and a decrease to 18% of the activity of c PKC in RPE cells without PMA preinubation after 60 minutes. While the activity of m PKC in RPE cells with PMA preincubation increased gradually after 5 minutes and reduced after reached the peak at 40 minutes, and then returned to baseline after 60 minutes, eventually decreased below 30% of the control group. When RPE cells were cultured with PMA for 48 hours, the activities of c PKC and m PKC were hardly detectable, while RPE cells were cultured with both PMA and hypericin, hypericin could counteract most of down regulation by PMA. Conclusion Hypericin may inhibit the translocation of PKC in RPE cells,change the activity of PKC, promote the apoptosis of RPE cells likely,and then prevent proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

The cGAS-STING pathway plays a significant role in host defense against viral and bacterial infection.In the process,the cytoplasmic free DNA,considered as a danger signal,is recognized by nucleotidyl transferase cGAS.cGAS is activated by double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and catalyzes the synthesis of a noncanonical cyclic dinucleotide 2'5'-cGAMP from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine triphosphate (GTP).cGAMP serve as an endogenous second messenger to stimulate the induction of type Ⅰ interferons via STING.In addition to the exogenous bacterial or viral DNA,abnormal deposition of host DNA in cytosol also activates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway cascade,resulting in inflammation and autoimmune diseases.Subsequent studies found that this pathway also plays an important role in tumor's responsiveness to radio-therapy and chemo-therapy.Activation of cGAS-STING pathway produces or enhances the therapeutic efficacy.These findings suggest that specifically interfering with cGAS-STING activation may hold therapeutic value for the treatment of cancer,infection and inflammatory diseases.In this paper,the activation mechanism of cGAS-STING pathway and its relationship with the treatment of diseases were summarized,and the regulation of cGAS-STING pathway was introduced in detail.

Objective To determine whether the 12-lead-resting electrocardiogram(ECG) is a predictor of left vertricular(LV) recovery after successful recanalization of chronic total coronary occlusions(CTO).Methods The 12-lead-resting ECG was evaluated for Q-wave areas and parameters of QT dispersion.Impairment of regional wall motion was evaluated by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE) at baseline and at follow-up.Results The wall motion score index(WMSI) was improved from 1.56?0.31 to 1.12?0.21(P0.05).Conclusion In patients with recanalization of CTO,recovery of regional wall motion is reliably predicted by analysis of the12-lead-resting ECG.

Objective To investigate the effect of expression of microRNA-27a(miR-27a) and microRNA-451(miR-451) in A2780/T cells and its relativity to multidrug resistance (MDR)1 mRNA inhibition by procyanidin. Methods Stem-loop PCR method was performed to evaluate the expression of miR-27a and miR-451 in use of procyanidin (0-40μmol/L) in 0-48 h in A2780/T cells. Additionally, over-expressing or interfecting microRNAs by using mimics or inhibitor of miR-27a and miR-451, the expression of MDR1 mRNA was assessed by RT-PCR in cells exposing to procyanidin. Results The expression of miR-27a and miR-451 was significant inhibited by procyanidin in both time- and concentration-dependency. Over-expressed MDR1 mRNA associated with miR-27a or miR-451 mimics was blocked by procyanidin, whereas there was no effect on down-expressed MDR1 mRNA associated with miR-27a or miR-451 inhibitor by procyanidin. Conclusion Procyanidin inhibits MDR1 mRNA expression by inhibiting miR-27a and miR-451 expression in A2780/T cells.

Objective To identify the clinical characteristics and pathological changes of patients suffered from glomerulonephritis complicating with acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) . Methods Twenty one patients of glomerulonephritis complicating with AIN diagnosed by renal biopsy were retrospectively analyzed . Thirty-five pure AIN patients were selected as controls .Results Glomerulonephritis complicating AIN accounted for 37 .5% of all the AIN cases . Βlactam antibiotics and Chinese herbs were the major causes of AIN . 76 .2% of cases received further examinations due to the elevation of serum creatinine (Scr) during their follow-up of kidney injuries or during routine exams for all kinds of discomforts . Pathological features of AIN were also detected besides glomerular leisions . The impairments of renal interstitia were severe than those of the glomeruli . Eosinophil in the renal interstitia was an important indicator for the diagnosis of AIN .The renal function returned to normal or baseline in 64 .7% of the patients of glomerulonephritis complicating with AIN whose follow-up data were available . The median period for renal function restoration was 150 days (compared with 60 days in pure AIN) . But there were no significant differences between these two groups as for the rate of irreversible renal insufficiency during a follow-up period of 2 years . Conclusions Symptoms of AIN in patients of glomerulonephritis complicating with AIN tend to be masked by their glomerular diseases . Renal biopsy is of most importance for the diagnosis . Early diagnosis and treatment leads to satisfactory prognosis .

Objective: To investigate the individual irridiateddose levelandhealth statusofoccupational externalexposureamong radiationworkers inThreeA hospitals ofZhejiangprovince,andprovideevidence for occupationalhealthmanagement. Methods: 367 different typesof radiationworkerswereexperienced thedose monitoring and health examination from January toDecember, 2015, according to the requirements of"SpecificationsofIndividualMonitoring forOccupationalExternalExposure"and"Specifications forOccupational healthsurveillance forradiationworkers".The resultsofdosemonitoring,chromosomeaberration rate, lensopacity rate,hemogramand thyroid functionwerestatisticallyanalyzed. Results: Theannualeffectivedoseamong radiation workers fromZhejiangprovince in2015was0.13mSv,98.91%of them less than1mSv,whichunder the limit standardofstate(20mSv/a).Thechromosomeaberration(dicentric)detection rateswere7.41%and4.35%, from nuclearmedicinegroupand interventionalgroup respectively,whichhigher thandiagnostic radiologygroup, the differencewasstatisticallysignificant(χ²=13.686,8.092,P<0.01).Besides,1caseofsuspiciouschronic radiation dermatitiswas found in the interventiongroup.Radiation lengthhadsignificanteffecton lensopacity rate(P<0.01), lensopacity increasedwith the increasing lengthof the linear trend (χ²trend=16.363,P<0.01),and the incidence ofabnormalthyroid function theabnormalrateof lymphocyte ratiohad significantdifferenceamong theagegroups (P<0.05). Conclusion Although, theoccupationalexternalexposureamong radiationworkersinThreeAhospitals ofZhejiangprovince issafe, long-term lowdosesofionizing radiation stillhascertainhealtheffectson the fieldof nuclearmedicineand interventionalradiologystaff,suchaseye lens,cytogenetics,nailsandskin.

Objective To explore whether CD44 +/CD24 + expressing cervical cancer cells are resistant to X-ray irradiation and investigate the underlying mechanism.Methods Cervical cancer cell line (Siha) was cultured in vitro and the CD44 +/CD24 + expressing cells were sorted with a flow cytometer.The cells were irradiated with 8,16 and 30 Gy of 6 MV X-rays.Colony formation test was used to evaluate the radiosensitivity of CD44 +/CD24 + expressing cervical cancer cells.Cell morphology was observed by electronmicroscopy,cell apoptosis was analyzed with a flow cytometer and also verified with a DNA ladder assay.Gene expression was determined by RT-PCR.Results After radiation,the ratio of CD44 +/CD24 + cells significantly increased.Compared to Siha cells,the radiosensitivity of CD44 +/ CD24 + cells decreased (t =93.99-400.45,P ＜0.05),and the expressions of bcl-2,survivin and Oct4 mRNA increased in CD44 +/CD24 + cells (t =221.35,941.65,82.27,P ＜0.01).Both apoptotic body and specific DNA ladder pattern were observed in cells but not in the CD44 +/CD24 + Sihacells which had no obvious morphological changes of apoptosis.Conclusions The CD44 +/CD24 + expressing cervical cancer cells are resistant to X-rays due to expression of anti-apoptosis factors.