1.Community-based study on adult chronic kidney diseases and its associated risk factors in Shanghai
Yanping HUANG ; Weiming WANG ; Daoling PEI ; Pingyan SHEN ; Haifin YU ; Hao SHI ; Qianying ZHANG ; Jing XU ; Yilun LU ; Qishi FAN ; Nan CHEN
Chinese Journal of Nephrology 2008;24(12):872-877
ObjectiveToinvestigate the prevalence, awareness and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among community adult population in Shanghai, China, in order to provide early diagnosis and treatment of CKD, and informations for national health policy makers.MethodsTwo thousand five hundred and ninety six residents (≥ 18 years old) were randomly selected from community population in Changning district of Shanghai, China. They were interviewed and tested for albuminuria -morning spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio [ACR, abnormal: ≥ 17 mg/g (male), ≥25 mg/g (female)], reduced renal function-estimated GFR by abbreviated MDRD equation [abnormal: <60 ml ·rain-1 (1.73 m2)-1] and hematuria-morning spot urine dipstick confirmed by urine microscopy. The associations among demographic characteristics, healthy characteristics (e.g. diabetes and hypertension) and indicators of kidney damage were examined. The investigators and neighborhood committee were well trained. Those who had semiquantitative positive were detected again by albuminuria-morniag spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio after three months. ResultsTwo thousand five hundred and fifty four residents with complete data were enrolled in the study. Albuminuria was detected in 6.3% of subjects, reduced renal function in 5.8%, hematuria in 1.2%. Approximately 11.8% of these subjects had at least one indicator of kidney damage. The awareness rate of CKD was 8.2%. The Logistic regression model showed that hyperuricemia, nephrolithiasis, anemia, diabetes, central obesity, hypertension and age contributed to the development of CKD. ConclusionsThe prevalence of CKD in community adult population in Shanghai is 11.8%, And the awareness rate of CKD is 8.2%. Hyperuricemia, nephrolithiasis, anemia, diabetes, central obesity, hypertension and age are risk factors of CKD.
2.Effect of Component Compatibility of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix and Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma on Serum Inflammatory Factors and Expression of NF-κB and VEGF in Ankle Joint of Rats with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Congjia GUO ; Guotai WU ; Huiqin GAO ; Lixia ZHENG ; Sa LI ; Liming WANG ; Qianying HAO
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2023;29(11):53-63
ObjectiveTo investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of the component compatibility of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix and Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma on the rat model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the mechanism. MethodSeventy-two SPF-grade SD rats (male and female) aged 5 to 6 weeks were selected. Except the blank group, the rat model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was replicated by the type Ⅱ collagen induction method. The 64 rats after successfully modeling were randomly divided into model group, methotrexate group (0.375 mg·kg-1), gentianoside with magnoflorine group (150.454 1 mg·kg-1+5.061 8 mg·kg-1), gentianoside with clematichinenoside AR group (150.454 1 mg·kg-1+16.433 1 mg·kg-1), sweroside with magnoflorine group (3.455 8 mg·kg-1+5.061 8 mg·kg-1), sweroside with clematichinenoside AR group (3.455 8 mg·kg-1+16.433 1 mg·kg-1), swertiamarin with magnoflorine group (9.303 2 mg·kg-1+5.061 8 mg·kg-1), and swertiamarin with clematichinenoside AR group (9.303 2 mg·kg-1+16.433 1 mg·kg-1), with 8 rats in each group. Each group was given the corresponding medicinal solution or normal saline by gavage for 15 d. During the experiment, the general status, of rats in each group were observed and recorded. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), rheumatoid factor (RF), C reactive protein (CRP), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and anti-cyclic peptide containing citrulline antibody (anti-CCP Ab) in the serum of rats were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The histopathological changes in rat ankle joints were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot were used to detect the protein expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rat ankle joints. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression of NF-κB and VEGF in rat ankle joints. ResultCompared with those in the blank group, rats in the model group were in poor general conditions with significant foot-plantar swelling, and the content of CRP, anti-CCP Ab, and IL-1β in the rat serum was significantly increased (P<0.01). In the model group, the tissue structure of the ankle joint was severely damaged, and the protein and mRNA expression of NF-κB and VEGF in the rat ankle joints were significantly up-regulated (P<0.01). As compared with the model group, the general status of rats in each administration group was significantly improved. The levels of serum TNF-α, IL-1β, RF, CRP, PGE2, and anti-CCP Ab were reduced to different degrees in these administration groups, among which the effects of the gentianoside with clematichinenoside AR group on down-regulating serum TNF-α and IL-1β, the gentianoside with magnoflorine group on down-regulating serum RF and CRP, the sweroside with magnoflorine group on down-regulating serum PGE2, and the swertiamarin with clematichinenoside AR group on lowering serum anti-CCP Ab were better than those of administration groups. The histopathological changes in the ankle joint were improved to different degrees. The protein and mRNA expression of NF-κB and VEGF in rat ankle joints in the administration groups was significantly down-regulated (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the swertiamarin paired with clematichinenoside AR group had the most significant effect. ConclusionThe component compatibility of Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix and Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma exerts a good therapeutic effect on the rat model of RA, and the compatibility of components from the two medicines has a multi-channel, multi-target, and synergistic effect. The five component compatibility patterns, namely gentiobioside with magnoflorine, gentiobioside with clematichinenoside AR, sweroside with clematichinenoside AR, swertiamarin with magnoflorine, and swertiamarin with clematichinenoside AR, all have potential advantages. The mechanism may be related to the reduction of inflammatory factor secretion and the inhibition of abnormal protein and mRNA expression of NF-κB and VEGF.
3. Investigation of tick-borne pathogens in Heilongjiang border area
Qianying WANG ; Fengming LIU ; Shihong FU ; Fan LI ; Shirong TENG ; Xiaojing CHEN ; Qikai YIN ; Dongqiang WANG ; Wenjing LIU ; Wenwen LEI ; Ying HE ; Guodong LIANG ; Hao LI ; Mingjia BAO ; Huanyu WANG
Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology 2019;33(5):504-508
Objective:
To understand the situation of ticks carrying pathogens in border areas of Heilongjiang province.
Methods:
From 2009 to 2018, tick specimens were collected in Yichun, Daxing′anling area and Jiamusi in Heilongjiang province. A total of 2 530 ticks were studied, including 800
4. Epidemiological characteristics of tick borne encephalitis in China, 2014
Qianying WANG ; Fan LI ; Shihong FU ; Qikai YIN ; Ying HE ; Wenjing LIU ; Wenwen LEI ; Xiaojing CHEN ; Shiwen WANG ; Guodong LIANG ; Hao LI ; Lijuan FU ; Huanyu WANG
Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology 2018;32(6):602-606
Objective:
To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and distribution characteristics of tick-borne encephalitis in China in 2014, and to provide scientific basis for formulating specific prevention and control measures.
Methods:
The epidemic data were obtained from the "infectious disease report information management system" , using Excel 2016, GIS and other software to summarize and analyze the cases of tick borne encephalitis (TBE) reported, using the number of cases, incidence, composition ratio and other indicators to analyze and describe the TBE epidemiological characteristics in China in 2014.
Results:
In 2014, a total of 322 cases of TBE were reported in 9 provinces in China, with an annual incidence of 0.024/100, 000 and 1 death of patient. The provinces with high number of cases were Jilin province, Inner mongolia autonomous region and Heilongjiang province, and the number of cases in the other six provinces is no more than two. TBE was distributed in spring and summer, and it is concentrated in May to July. The age of the affected population was mostly concentrated in 40-49 years old, the male-female ratio was 1.6∶1 (198/124), and the patients were dominantly farmers, household and unemployed workers, and forestry workers, they accounted for 49.40% (159/322), 26.40% (85/322) and 18.60% (60/322) of the national TBE cases respectively. The three hospitals that reported the most TBE cases in 2014 were Inner mongolia forestry general hospital, Jiangyuan People′s hospital of Baishan city, Jilin province and Mudanjiang forestry central hospital of Heilongjiang province. The number of reported cases in these three hospitals accounted for 68.6% of the whole country. The laboratory diagnosis rate of Inner mongolia forestry general hospital was the highest (91.9%).
Conclusions
In 2014, the incidence of TBE in China has continued to rise compared with the previous two years. The geographical focus is mainly on the forest areas of Daxing′anling, Xiaoxing′anling and Changbai Mountain.