Objective To study the hemoprotective effects of a rotary magnetic field (RMF) to radiation-injured mice. Methods 132 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups: a normal group (N), a magnetic treatment group (M), an irradiation group(R) and an irradiation combining magnetic treatment group (R + M). Mice in the N group received no treatment. Mice in the R and R + M groups received total body irradiation with 6.0 Gy 60Co γ/rays. Mice in the M and R + M groups were treated with a RMF for one and half an hour at a time, twice a day, totally for 30 days. The survival rate was observed for 30 days. On days 0, 5, 9, 15, 21, 30, the subjects' peripheral blood cells were counted. On day 9, 23 and 30, the number of bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNCs), colony forming unit-spleen (CFU-S), spleen-body ratio, the cell cycle and apoptosis of bone marrow cells were measured. The pathological sectioning of the femur was performed and the expression level of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP2/4) in the bone marrow was evaluated. Results ①No mice died in the N and M group. The RMF treatment increased the survival rate and survival days among the irradiated mice (P < 0.01). ②The RMF treatment increased the number of blood cells in their peripheral blood of the R + M group. ③The number of BMNCs, CFU-S and the proportation of G2 + M stage in the R + M were markedly higher than that of the R group, but the proportation of the apoptosis was lower than that of the R group on the 9th day (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the spleen index in the R + M group was also higher than that of the R group on the 23rd day (P < 0.05). ④RMF could improve the expression level of BMP2/4 in the radiation-injued mice. Conclusion The RMF treatment had an obvious protective effect against the effects of irradiation and it accelerated the recovery of hematopeiesis and the hematopoietic microenvironment in mouse bone marrow.

Objective To explore the MRI findings of diffuse midline gliomas with H3K27M mutation, and help us understand this new entity and improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Methods The clinical and imaging data of 17 diffuse midline gliomas with H3K27M mutation confirmed by pathology were retrospectively collected from July 2016 to April 2018 in Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital. All patients were performed with pre?contrast and post?contrast MRI examination. All images were analyzed according to the location, shape, boundary, solid or cystic, signal feature, enhancement feature, and degree of edema. Results (1) Location:Six cases located in thalamus,4 cases located in brainstem,1 located in hypothalamus, 6 cases had multiple lesions in the midline and/or involving one or more brain. (2) Morphology and boundary:Seven cases had regular shape and clear boundary, 10 cases had irregular shapes and unclear boundaries. (3) Necrosis, cystic degeneration, hemorrhage: Twelve cases had necrosis or cystic degeneration in varying degree, 4 cases had hemorrhage. (4) Signal and enhancement features: The solid component showed slightly?low or low signal on T1WI, and slightly?high or high signal on T2WI; the cystic component showed obvious low signal on T1WI and obvious high signal on T2WI. T1WI enhancement:Eight cases showed uneven light?moderate enhancements, and all cases were adults; Six cases showed significant enhancements with large or small rings; Three cases showed uneven obvious enhancement. (5) Peritumoral edema: Fourteen cases had mild peritumoral edema,1 case had moderate peritumoral edema,2 cases had obvious peritumoral edema. Conclusion The MRI findings of diffuse midline gliomas with H3K27M mutation had certain characteristics,which can help to improve the level of diagnosis and differential diagnosis.

In order to explore the regulation mechanisms of follicular helper T cell (Tfh Cell) differentiation,optimized conditions of in vitro induction from both peripheral blood mononuclear cells and MAC sorted Na(i)ve CD4 + T cells to human Tfh cells were developed.Induction efficiency difference of TCR signal anti-hCD3e stimulation between coated on solid phase and in soluble phase was also determined.Differentiation efficiency of CD4 + CXCR5 + ICOS+PD-1 + Tfh cell was determined by FACS while the expression level of IL-21 in cell supernatant was determined by ELISA tests.An ultimate induction condition that 5 μg/mL coated overnight anti-hCD3e stimulated na(i)ve CD4 + T cells to differentiate into Tfh at an up to 20.4％ percentage was finally determined.The optimization of in vitro induction protocol of human Tfh provided an effective examine platform for the studies on Tfh differentiation mechanisms and related pharmacology,toxicity and metabolic experiments.

Objective:To establish rules for medical order review in parenteral nutrition, assist pharmacists in the efficient real-time pre-review of parenteral nutrition medical orders, and promote the standardized use of parenteral nutrition.Methods:Professional clinical nutrition pharmacists, prescription reviewing pharmacists, clinicians, and nutritionists jointly contributed to the formulation of custom prescription review rules for parenteral nutrition. Utilizing the prescription review system of our hospital, pharmacists reviewed and intervened parenteral nutrition medical orders in real time.Result:After the implementation of review rules, all of the medical orders for parenteral nutrition have been pre-reviewed in our hospital, and the related indicators that are out of normal range and the cases of single bottle infusion show significant reduction in frequency.Conclusion:The formulation and implementation of specific prescription review rules for parenteral nutrition can effectively assist pharmacists in real-time review of parenteral nutrition medical orders, and can solve the problems of inappropriate medical orders and single-bottle infusion.

Objective:To investigate the regulatory effects of sphingosine kinase-2 (SphK2) on the function of activated astrocytes and the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice.Methods:Primary mouse astrocytes were isolated from wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and sphk2 gene knock-out ( sphk2 -/-) mice and stimulated in vitro with interleukin 17 (IL-17). Real-time PCR was used to measure the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines at mRNA levels. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3). An EAE mouse model was constructed using myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 (MOG 35-55) polypeptide. Western blot was used to detect the expression of GFAP and p-STAT3 at protein level and real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines at mRNA level in spinal cords. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and Luxol fast blue (LFB) staining were used to observe the changes in inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination in spinal cords. Results:Compared with the WT group, the phosphorylation of STAT3 was obviously reduced in in vitro activated mouse astrocytes of sphk2 -/- mice, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), TNF-α and IL-6 at mRNA level was also significantly decreased. Compared with the WT EAE group, changes in the above-mentioned cytokines and relative proteins in sphk2 -/- EAE mice in vivo were similar to those in vitro. Moreover, inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination were significantly reduced in spinal cords of sphk2 -/- EAE mice. However, no significant difference in in vitro or in vivo GFAP expression was observed between WT and sphk2 -/- mice. Conclusions:SphK2 might regulate the function of reactive astrocytes through STAT3 molecular pathway, thereby regulating the production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and participating in the pathological process of EAE.

Objective:Heme chloride(Hemin)is an in vitro purified form of natural heme and an important raw material for anti-anemia and antitumor drugs.This study aims to analyze the protective effect of Hemin on tissue damage in low-pressure oxygen chamber simulated plateau hypoxic mice,and explore its role in anti-plateau hypoxia. Methods:Thirty male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a blank group,a positive drug group(acetazolomide,200 mg/kg),a Hemin low-dose group(15 mg/kg),a Hemin medium-dose group(30 mg/kg),and a Hemin high-dose group(60 mg/kg)with intraperitoneal injection.The anti-hypoxic activity of Hemin was explored by atmospheric closed hypoxia experiment and the optimal dose was screened.Thirty-six male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a blank group,a hypoxia group,a positive drug group,and a Hemin high-dose group.The plasma inflammatory factor levels and oxidative stress indicators malondialdehyde(MDA),glutataione(GSH),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels of myocardium,brain,lung,and liver tissues were measured in different groups with hypoxia for 24 h.The degree of histopathological damage of mice was observed with HE staining.The degree of protection of Hemin against tissue hypoxia injury was detected with the hypoxia probe piperidazole. Results:Compared with the blank group,the survival time of mice in the positive drug group,the Hemin medium-dose group,and high-dose group was significantly extended(all P<0.05),with the highest prolongation rate in the Hemin high-dose group.Compared with the hypoxia group,mice in the Hemin high-dose group showed a significant increase in SOD level and GSH content of brain tissue,and a significant decrease in MDA content of lung tissue(all P<0.05).The results of HE staining and hypoxia probe showed that Hemin had a significant protective effect on the damage of liver,heart,brain and lung tissues of mice with hypoxia,and the most obvious effect on that of the brain tissue. Conclusion:Hemin has an effect of improvement on oxidative stress and inflammatory response caused by hypoxia,and has obvious protective effect on tissue damage caused by hypoxia.

Objective To explore the feasibility of the extensive application of expanded forehead flaps in faciocervicalreconstructionin differenct aesthetic units and the flap selection based on the location of defect..Methods 251 cases using expanded forehead flaps for cervicofacial reconstruction in our center from 2000 to 2016 were systematically reviewed .Expanded frontal flap was categorized according to its blood supply .Flap application was enumerated based on the aesthetic units in face and neck .Results Considering blood supply of the flaps , expanded forehead flaps were categorized into four types .Type I was a pre-expanded local flap , which was used for repairing defects of the partial forehead unit , subunits of the periorbital unit , or partial involvement of the two adjacent units .Type II was an expanded paramedian forehead flap, which was used for resurfacing the nose , orbital unit, upper cheek unit, and partial involvement of these adjacent units .Type III was a bilateral pedicled expandedforehead flap for the reconstruction of the lower face and anterior neck .Type IV, a unilateral pedicled expanded forehead flap , which is based on the superficial temporal vessels , was used to reconstruct the ipsilateral part of the middle face.Conclusions Expanded forehead flaps could be used for the reconstruction of different faciocervical units.The selection of these flaps can be designed preoperatively based on the location and size of the defects.

Red blood cells(RBCs)are the primary mediators of oxygen transport in the human body,and their function is mainly achieved through conformational changes of hemoglobin(Hb).Hb is a tetramer composed of four subunits,with HbA being the predominant Hb in healthy adults,existing in two forms:tense state(T state)and relaxed state(R state).Endogenous regulators of Hb conformation include 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid,carbon dioxide,protons,and chloride ions,while exogenous regulators include inositol hexaphosphate,inositol tripyrophosphate,benzabate,urea derivative L35,and vanillin,each with different mechanisms of action.The application of Hb conformational regulators provides new insights into the study of hypoxia oxygen supply issues and the treatment of sickle cell disease.

Endovascular stent implantation had become a major therapeutic option for heart,brain and peripheral vascular diseases.After stent implantation,CT angiography(CTA)and MR angiography(MRA)were often performed during follow-up to diagnose or predict relative complications as early as possible.The research progresses of different material endovascular stent and imaging follow-up after stent implantation were reviewed in this article.

Objective To explore the feasibility of the extensive application of expanded forehead flaps in faciocervicalreconstructionin differenct aesthetic units and the flap selection based on the location of defect..Methods 251 cases using expanded forehead flaps for cervicofacial reconstruction in our center from 2000 to 2016 were systematically reviewed .Expanded frontal flap was categorized according to its blood supply .Flap application was enumerated based on the aesthetic units in face and neck .Results Considering blood supply of the flaps , expanded forehead flaps were categorized into four types .Type I was a pre-expanded local flap , which was used for repairing defects of the partial forehead unit , subunits of the periorbital unit , or partial involvement of the two adjacent units .Type II was an expanded paramedian forehead flap, which was used for resurfacing the nose , orbital unit, upper cheek unit, and partial involvement of these adjacent units .Type III was a bilateral pedicled expandedforehead flap for the reconstruction of the lower face and anterior neck .Type IV, a unilateral pedicled expanded forehead flap , which is based on the superficial temporal vessels , was used to reconstruct the ipsilateral part of the middle face.Conclusions Expanded forehead flaps could be used for the reconstruction of different faciocervical units.The selection of these flaps can be designed preoperatively based on the location and size of the defects.