Objective To understand the needs and suggestions of respiratory medicine specialist nurses training, in order to provide some basis for the establishment of training mode of respiratory medicine specialist nurses. Method Using objective sampling method, we interviewed 12 students of different seni-ority , qualifications , title in the first session of training of nurse specialist in department of respiratory medicine of Chongqing, using qualitative research methods to analyze the data of the interview. Result Respondents had unified opinion on the curriculum setting, conditions of the training base, the requirements of core competence of junior nurses in department of respiration, but there existed differences about the length of service of the students . And the length of service of the teachers needed further discussion . Conclusion The opinions of the respondents collected provide reference for the establishment of training mode of nurse specialist in department of respiratory medicine. However, the students' opinions on the estab-lishment of the training standards are not uniform, which is worth further discussion.

Objective To explore the effect of weightlessness simulation on processing speed of mental rotation of males in 72 h head-down tilt,in order to further reveal human performance changes caused by weightlessness.Methods During 72 h weightlessness simulation (9 am day 1 to 9 pm day 4,head-down tilt started from 9 pm day 1),16 male subjects were processed speed of rotation data byhand picture mental rotation (test 8 times),using self cross-references design,and the variation of processing speed of mental rotation by duration was analyzed.Results The linear regression analysis showed,the reaction time of each time point for each subject as the independent variable,the angle of rotation as the dependent variable,with the extension of simulated weightlessness time.The intercept(constant term of the regression equation),indicating the processing speed of non-rotation,were gradually increased with HDT time,but didn(t) reached significantly difference (F(3,14) =0.551,P =0.650) ;the slope(Regression coefficient of the regression equation),indicating the processing speed of rotation.were gradually increased with HDT time,and reached the significantly difference (F(3,14) =4.338,P =0.009).The value of intercept and slope was like upside-down U in three days,and reached the highest value at day 2.Conclusion Weightlessness simulation have affection on the speed of mental rotation,especially on the rotation speed.

AIM To establish an HPLC-DAD method for the simultaneous content determination of four constituents in Compound Kendir Leaves Tablets Ⅰ (Apocyni veneti Folium,Chrysanthemi indici Flos,Stephaniae tetrandrae Radix,etc.).METHODS The analysis of 50％ methanol extract of this drug was performed on a 35 ℃ thermostatic Shimadzu VP-ODS column (250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of methanol-0.5％ phosphoric acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelengths were set at 260 nm and 325 nm.RESULTS Chlorogenic acid,hydrochlorothiazide,buddleodide and promethazine hydrochloride showed good linear relationships within the ranges of 24.91-498.2 ng (r =0.999 9),286.33-5 726.7 ng (r =0.999 9),10.04-200.9 ng (r =0.999 9) and 154.80-3 096.1 ng (r =0.999 9),whose average recoveries were 98.3％ (RSD =1.3％),99.1％ (RSD =0.6％),98.5％ (RSD =1.0％) and 99.3％ (RSD =1.2％),respectively.CONCLUSION This simple,accurate and reliable method can be used for the quality control of Compound Kendir Leaves Tablets Ⅰ.

BACKGROUND: Further studies are needed to understand the cytobiological character, functional regulation, gene changes and expression difference of CD34~+ and CD133~+ stem cells induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) using gene chip. OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences of gene expression and the response to bFGF of human umbilical cord CD34~+ and CD133~+ cells, and to explore gene expression changes of bFGF-induced umbilical cord CD34~+ and CD133~+ hematopotic stem cells/hemapoietic progenitor cells in vitro. METHODS: Human umbilical cord blood CD34~+ and CD133~+ cells were isolated and purified by MiniMACS immunomagnetic beads selection. The CD34~+ and CD133~+cells were cultured for 10 to 15 days in DMEM/F12 medium, supplemented with bFGF and B27. Total RNA from these cells was extracted and the genetic level of these cells was performed using Oligo GEArray(r) chip and GEArray software. Selected rate of CD34~+ and CD133~+ hematopoietic stem cells was detected using flow cytometry. CD34~+ and CD133~+ cell morphological changes were measured before and after bFGF induction. The concentration and purity of RNA were determined by agarose gel electrophoresis degeneration. Gene-chip test results were analyzed.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of the carbon ion radiotherapy for stage Ⅰ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods We searched multiple electronic bibliographic databases,including the Cochrane library,PubMed,EMBASE,China Journal Full-text Database,Chinese Biomedical Database,and the Wanfang Database to assemble the available studies of carbon ion radiotherapy for stage Ⅰ non-small cell lung cancer.MetaAnalyst Beta 3.13 and STATA 12.0 software were used to combine the extracted data.Results Ten studies (seven trials) were included.The overall survival rates of 1,3 and 5 years were 95.1％,68.5％ and 45.9％,respectively.The local control rates of 1,3 and 5 years were 90.2％,76.7％ and 81.2％,respectively.The cause specific survival rate of 1,3 and 5 years were 82.9％,58.5％ and 57.3％,respectively.The rate of primary recurrence and total recurrence were 45.8％ and 11％,respectively.The rates of total death and death from lung cancer were 52.4％ and 28.3％,respectively.There were differences observed between T1 stage and T2 stage in regards to five year overall survival rate,total recurrence,lung cancer death,and grade 1 and grade 2 skin toxicities.Conclusions Available data demonstrate that carbon ion radiotherapy,in general,is a safe and feasible treatment modality for stage Ⅰ NSCLC.Although current results are promising,more evidence is required before carbon ion radiotherapy can become the international standard treatment for lung cancer patients.

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which responds with the diffusion of water molecules in spinal cord white matter, may be used to detect the integrity of the spinal cord fiber bundles and the pathological changes after injury. It is sensitive in acute and chronic spinal cord injury, such as cervical spondylotic myelopathy, multiple sclerosis, brain damage secondary spinal cord injury, spinal nerve root damage, and so on. In basic studies, DTI can reveal the microstructure and pathological changes of the injured spinal, and be correlated with behavioral assessment, which involved mice, monkeys, calves, cats, swines, dogs, and so on.

Objective To analyze the characteristics and distribution of TCM syndromes of advanced gastric cancer;To provide reference for the standardization and clinical research of TCM syndromes of advanced gastric cancer.Methods The four diagnosis information with advanced gastric cancer was retrospectively collected at Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from January 2010 to December 2020.And the investigation results were analyzed by combining principal component analysis and clustering analysis,so as to explore the distribution pattern of TCM syndromes of advanced gastric cancer.Results Totally 164 patients were included,involving 601 case-times.10 principal components were obtained through principal component analysis on 29 items of four diagnosis information.The four diagnosis information with factor coefficient>0.4 were selected and allocated to the 10 principal components.Then,based on the results of principal component analysis,clustering analysis was conducted to obtain the distribution proportion of the three types of TCM syndromes.According to the syndrome differentiation by professional clinicians,the results were followed by the frequency distribution as cold coagulation and blood stasis(356,59.28%),stomach yin deficiency(145,24.17%)and phlegm-heat accumulation(100,16.55%).Conclusion There are three basic TCM syndromes of advanced gastric cancer,which are cold coagulation and blood stasis,stomach yin deficiency and phlegm-heat accumulation.Cold coagulation and blood stasis occupies the largest proportion,and the treatment should be based on warming the middle to dissipate cold and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis.

Objective To explore the key techniques used for surveillance and disposal of infectious diseases,food poisoning and hospital infection to improve the ability of surveillance and disposal on public health emergency.Methods Framework on surveillance and disposal of infectious diseases,food poisoning and hospital infection was set up,based on literature review and expert group discussion.Delphi method and technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution comprehensive evaluation method were used for ordering preference by similarity,to screen key techniques set for surveillance and disposal of the above said events.Results Framework to be used for selecting key techniques was designed,based on the classification of emergency events,processing cycle of emergency events and level of techniques.Twenty six public health experts were selected for a 2-round consultation,with their authority as 0.796.Ten key techniques with important significance for surveillance and disposal of infectious diseases,food poisoning and hospital infection were selected from each event.Among these key techniques,the early-warning system was recognized as the key technique,important for the surveillance and disposal of all three emergency events.Items as technology used for unknown pathogenic microorganism detection,personal protection,gene sequencing and tracing technology,microorganism molecular typing technology,nucleic acid detection technology etc.were the key techniques and need to develop for the surveillance and disposal of infectious diseases and iatrogenic infection.Data regarding key technologies on security and privacy,early warning and forecasting,field rapid detection were sorted out that all in need to improve the surveillance programs on disposal of infectious diseases and food poisoning.Data exchange appeared another key technique on infectious diseases,with toxin detection and other 5 techniques the key techniques for food poisoning.Data collection,standardization and other 3 techniques appeared as the key techniques on iatrogenic infection.Conclusions Key techniques were selected in this study to meet the requirements of surveillance,disposal of infectious disease,food poisoning and iatrogenic infection.Authority of the experts got improved in the two-round consultation,ensuring the reliability of the results of screening and providing a scientific basis for the further research and priority development of the key techniques.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of glucose-6-posphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and its gene mutations among neonates in Hainan Province. Methods: The G6PD activity of dried blood spots of 914 520 neonates born from 2007 to 2016 was screened by fluorescence spot test in Hainan Province. The G6PD/6-glucose phosphate dehydrogenase (6GPD) ratio method was used to confirm the diagnosis of suspected specimens, and 3 012 of year 2016 dried blood spots of neonates with G6PD deficiency were genotyped using the multicolor probe-based fluorescence melting curve analysis. Results: From 2007 to 2016, 36 314 positive cases were screened in 914 520 neonates. A total of 26 370 cases of G6PD deficiency were diagnosed with an incidence rate of 2.88%(26 370/914 520) in Hainan Province. The incidences of G6PD deficiency were 2.80%(21 688/774 555) in ethnic Han population, 3.45% (4 292/124 419) in ethnic Li population, 3.31%(212/6 401) in ethnic Miao population and 1.95%(178/9 145) in other ethnic groups. There were significant differences in the incidence of G6PD deficiency in ethnic Han population and ethnic Li population(χ²=161.261, P=0.000), ethnic Miao population(χ²=6.104, P=0.013) and other ethnic groups(χ²=24.283, P=0.000). A total of 13 mutation types were detected by gene detection in 3 012 confirmed cases of G6PD deficiency, of which c.1376 G>T, c.1388 G>A, c.95 A>G and c.1024 C>T mutations and related combinations accounted for approximately 91.74%. Two mutations outside 16 genotypes, c.86 C>T and c.1311 C>T, were found by gene sequencing. Conclusions The incidence of G6PD deficiency among newborns in Hainan Province is high, and there are ethnic and regional differences. The dominant genetic mutations in Hainan Province are c.1376 G>T, c.1388 G>A, c.95 A>G and c.1024 C>T.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of cellular senescence in ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) that leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in elderly mice.Methods An acute kidney injury model was established in C57B1/6 male mice at ages 8-10 weeks (young group) or 20-24 months (old group) by bilateral IRI.The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups as follows:Young-Sham (n=8),Old-Sham (n=8),Young-IRI (n=8),and Old-IRI groups (n=8).All mice were weighted,and their blood was collected from the tail vein at days 1,3,and 7 after surgery.The mice were killed on day 14 after surgery,and their kidneys were harvested for further analysis.Serum was used for the creatinine test.The changes of the renal tissue morphology and pathology were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining and sirius red staining.Immunofluorescence staining of collagen Ⅰ,F4/80,phosphor-histone H3 (p-HH3),and Ki67 were performed to determine the stage of the collagen deposit,macrophage filtration,and cell cycle G2/M arrest.The collagen Ⅰ expression was analyzed using western blot.The expression levels of TNF-α,IL-6,TGF-β,and collagen Ⅰ were determined using real-time PCR.Results Compared with that in the sham group,the serum creatinine levels in both Young-IRI and Old-IR1 groups were obviously increased.The Young-IRI group recovered completely on day 7.The Old-IRI group had higher creatinine levels than the Young-IRI group at each time point.Morphology and pathology analyses revealed that acute injury was repaired in the Young-IRI group,but slight inflammatory cell filtration and collagen deposition were observed in the Old-Sham and Old-IRI groups,respectively.Immunofluorescence staining revealed some F4/80-positive macrophage filtration,collagen Ⅰ deposition,and p-HH3 and Ki67 double-positive nuclear tubular epithelial cells in the Old-Sham group,but considerably more positive results were found in the Old-IRI group.Western blot analysis revealed that collagen Ⅰ expression level was higher in the Old-IRI group than in the Young-IRI group (P ＜ 0.01) and in the Old-Sham group than in the Young-Sham group (P ＜ 0.05).Real-time PCR demonstrated that the mRNA expression levels of cytokines and fibrosis markers,including of TNF-α,IL-6,TGF-β,and collagen Ⅰ,in the Old-Sham and Old-IRI groups were increased as compared with those in the Young-Sham and Young-IRI groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The levels of kidney inflammation,fibrosis,and cell-cycle arrest are lower in the old mice.After IRI injury,a sustained and ongoing inflammatory reaction is involved and more cells are arrested in the cell cycle G2/M,which inhibit renal repair and promote fibrosis progression.